• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.187-196
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• 2017

To ensure hygienic safety of drinking water in a water storage tank, the concentrations of residual chlorine should be above a certain regulation level. In this study, we conducted model simulations to investigate the effects of temperature on residual chlorine in water storage tank conditions typically used in Seoul. For this, values of model parameters (decomposition rate constant, sorption coefficient, and evaporation mass transfer coefficient) were experimentally determined from laboratory experiments. The model simulations under continuous flow conditions showed that the residual chlorine concentrations were satisfied the water quality standard level (0.1 mg/L) at all the temperature conditions ($5^{\circ}C$, $10^{\circ}C$, $15^{\circ}C$, $20^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$). Meanwhile, when the tanks had a no flow condition (i.e., no tap-water influent due to a sudden shut-down), the concentrations became lower than the regulatory level after certain periods. The findings from this modeling works simulating Seoul's water storage tanks suggested disappearance rate of residual chlorine could be reduced through the tanks design optimization with maintenance of low water temperature, minimization of air flow and volume, suppression of dispersion and the use of wall materials with low sorption ability.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.54-60
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• 2016

The bottom of dikes must be kept impermeable to control hazardous chemicals spilled from storage tanks. Currently, insufficient related chemical control laws lead to a possibility to spread through the bottom. Generally, due to the high cost of installation and periodical maintenance, many businesses prefer to install the bottom with general concrete. But, since the impermeability of concrete is dependent on the kind of materials and chemical reaction, all concrete cannot be considered as impermeable material. Thus, it is necessary to make the installation standards of the dike bottom clear in order to avoid the argument over the impermeability and prevent the chemical accident. This study has suggested the standards of impermeable concrete by conducting 7-day exposure test to crude oil with the pilot dikes. The results have showed that the standards have the better impermeable performance compared with the germany standard, which have been penetrated at the maximum penetration depth of 1.9 cm. This study is expected to contribute to both the risk reduction of penetrating into the bottom and the cost reduction of spending to make the bottom of dikes impermeable.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.101-108
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• 2010

In this study, designated as scenic in the heart of Darangyi rice field in village of Garchon architectural status to preserve the rural town of quantitative analysis of the characteristics village of Garchon traditional rural villages to build the basis for landscape management are the goal. Most of the buildings housing the seting village of Garchon flavor appears in the form of the natural terrain accept the wall which is exposed on the outside of the roof, wall materials and colors, such as the town without a regular basis to undermine the image of the landscape and so Darangyi rice field standard set for maintenance of landscapes that are needed. Regional officer of the private property of individuals, but local and national recognition of the shared property, and only when done in this regard the establishment of asset and as a scenic area that has to cherish the history and culture between the people who live where the feedback through the exchange of sensitive areas and to the people who live in it will be an alternative to a variety of ways.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.23-32
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• 2022

Pyroprocessing is a promising technology for managing spent nuclear fuel. The nuclear material accounting of feed material is a challenging issue in safeguarding pyroprocessing facilities. The input material in pyroprocessing is in a solid-state, unlike the solution state in an input accountability tank used in conventional wet-type reprocessing. To reduce the uncertainty of the input material accounting, a double-stage homogenization process is proposed in considering the process throughput, remote controllability, and remote maintenance of an engineering-scale pyroprocessing facility. This study tests two types of mixing equipment in the proposed double-stage homogenization process using surrogate materials. The expected heterogeneity and accounting uncertainty of Pu are calculated based on the surrogate test results. The heterogeneity of Pu was 0.584% obtained from Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) spent fuel of 59 WGd/tU when the relative standard deviation of the mass ratio, tested from the surrogate powder, is 1%. The uncertainty of the Pu accounting can be lower than 1% when the uncertainty of the spent fuel mass charged into the first mixers is 2%, and the uncertainty of the first sampling mass is 5%.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제34권8호
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• pp.51-58
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• 2018

G-SEED has been introduced with the aim of reducing energy use and resources since 2002, as the system of certificating environmental friendliness of buildings to create comfortable environment. This study analyzed the changes of certification standard of G-SEED since the revision in 2016, comparing certification results of office buildings by grade, category and certification items between G-SEED 2013-2 version and revised version of 2016. Also, this study analyzed the average points and their standard deviation of certification items including both deleted items and newly added items and extracted items needed to be reviewed in the future revision. In the revision, G-SEED has been extended its certification system to involve existing buildings and Innovative Design categories newly introduced with revising the certification items and difficulties. In revised version of G-SEED, the certification grade appeared to change its acquisition ratio decreasing Green2 and increasing Green4, during Green1 and Green3 were similar in proportion. The average scores by categories appeared decrease in Energy and Environmental Pollution category and Materials and Resources category, on the other hand, Maintenance category appeared the highest increase in the average score. Otherwise, Land Use and Transportation, Water Circulation, Ecology, Indoor Environment categories appeared similar average scores both version of G-SEED. In addition, the Innovative Design which was newly introduced category, seems to expect gradual gaining high scores according to technology development in future, although its possession has shown lower scores in revised version.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2015

Cracking is an inevitable fact of asphalt concrete pavements and plays a major role in pavement deterioration. Pavement cracking is one of the main factors determining the frequency and method of repair. Cracks can be treated with a number of preventative maintenance actions, including overlay surface treatments such as slurry sealing, crack sealing, or crack filling. Pavement cracks can show up as one or all of the following types: transverse, longitudinal, fatigue, block, reflective, edge, and slippage. Crack sealing is a frequently used pavement maintenance treatment because it significantly extends the pavement service life. However, crack sealant often fails prematurely due to a loss of adhesion. Because current test methods are mostly empirical and only provide a qualitative measure of the bond strength, they cannot accurately predict the adhesive failure of the sealant. This study introduces a laboratory test aimed at assessing the bonding of hot-poured crack sealant to the walls of pavement cracks. A pneumatic adhesion tensile testing instrument (PATTI) was adopted to measure the bonding strength of the hot-poured crack sealant as a function of the curing time and temperature. Based on a limited number of test results, the hot-poured crack sealants have very different bonding performances. Therefore, this test method can be proposed as part of a newly developed performance-based standard specification for hot-poured crack sealants for use in the future. PURPOSES : The purpose of this study was to evaluate both the adhesion and failure performance of a crack sealant as a function of its curing time and curing temperature. METHODS: A pneumatic adhesion tensile testing instrument (PATTI) was adopted to measure the adhesion performance of a crack sealant as a function of the curing time and curing temperature. RESULTS: With changes in the curing time, curing temperature, and sealant type, the bond strengths were found to be significantly different. Also, higher bond strengths were measured at lower temperatures. Different sealant types produced completely different bond strengths and failure behaviors. CONCLUSIONS: The bonding strength of an evaluated crack sealant was shown to differ depending on various factors. Two sealant types, which were composed of different raw materials, were shown to perform differently. The newly proposed test offers the possibility of evaluating and differentiating between different crack sealants. Based on alimited number of test results, this test method can be proposed as part of a newly developed performance-based standard specification for crack sealants or as part of a guideline for the selection of hot-poured crack sealant in the future.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.188-197
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 전단보강근 비율이 다양한 철근콘크리트 보에 대하여 가열시간을 각각 달리한 후 그 구조성능변화를 실험적으로 연구하였다. 또한 기존의 기준에서 적용하고 있는 부재의 내력산정방법에 대한 검증을 통하여 화재손상된 철근콘크리트 강도예측을 위한 자료를 제공하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 9개의 철근콘크리트 보를 제작하여 표준가열곡선에 따라 가열로에서 가열시험을 실시하고, 이들 손상된 보에 대한 파괴실험을 통하여 구조성능의 변화를 관찰하였다. 또한 부재와 동일한 피복을 가진 철근에 대하여 가열후 철근강도변화를 관찰하여 가열에 따른 철근의 물성변화를 파악하였다. ACI기준과 Eurocode 기준을 분석하고 실험결과와의 비교를 통하여 화재손상된 RC부재의 구조성능변화를 평가하였다. 연구결과, 1시간과 2시간 가열된 실험체가 무가열실험체들에 비하여 매우 취성적인 파괴양상을 보였고, 이러한 양상은 전단 보강근비가 작아질수록 그리고 가열시간이 증가할 수록 심하게 나타났으며, 화재에 의한 재료손상의 정확한 예측이 가능할 경우, 부재의 구조성능변화는 충분히 평가가능한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 기존 철근콘크리트 건축물의 구조성능 개선을 위하여 표면요철 매입형 FRP봉과 CFRP시트를 사용한 철근콘크리트 보의 구조성능을 평가하기 위하여 실험을 수행하였다. 표면요철 매입형 FRP봉의 사용량, CFRP시트 보강 유무에 따라 총 7개의 실험체를 제작하고 실험을 수행하여 구조성능을 평가하였으며, 본 연구의 실험결과를 근거로 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 표면요철 매입형 FRP봉 보강 실험체 NER 시리즈의 경우, 표준실험체 NBS와 비교하여 12~46% 내력이 증가하였고, 표면요철 매입형 FRP봉과 CFRP시트를 복합 보강한 실험체 NERL 시리즈는 표준실험체 NBS보다 최대내력이 22~77% 증가하였다. 그리고 표면요철 매입형 FRP봉으로 보강된 실험체 NER 시리즈는 부착슬립, 피복분리 형태로 파괴되었으나, 표면요철 매입형 FRP봉과 CFRP시트을 복합 보강한 실험체 NERL 시리즈는 CFRP시트의 연속보강에 따른 콘크리트 구속효과 및 모재와 표면요철 매입형 FRP봉의 부착강도 증가로 인하여 부착슬립의 형태로 파괴되었다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.147-161
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• 2017

일반적으로, 원전구조물은 다량의 철근이 사용되어 시공과정에서 여러 잠재적 문제점이 발생한다. 특히, 구조부재의 연결부위는 수많은 갈고리철근, 매입철물과 주변 철근 등에 의해 심각한 과밀현상이 발생하므로 여타 다른 부위보다 콘크리트 타설에 더 큰 어려움이 야기된다. 원전구조물에 사용되는 일반강도(ASTM A615 Gr.60)의 대구경(43 mm & 57 mm) 표준갈고리 철근을 대신하여 고강도(ASTM A615 Gr.80)의 대구경(43 mm & 57 mm) 확대머리 철근을 사용할 수 있도록 관련 기술기준을 개정하여 철근 과밀배근 문제를 해결하는 데 본 연구의 목적이 있다. 확대머리 철근을 원전구조물에 효과적으로 사용하기 위해서는 기존의 정착성능을 그대로 유지하거나 그 이상으로 증가시키면서 사용 제한요건을 완화는 방안을 찾아야 하므로 철근직경, 철근 항복강도, 측면피복 두께와 같이 확대머리 철근의 사용을 제한하는 변수 영향을 검토할 수 있는 실험결과를 분석하여 정착성능을 평가하였다.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.139-146
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• 2024

노후된 관거 및 지하구조물의 균열 보수에 아스팔트계 주입재, 우레탄계 주입재, 시멘트계 주입재, 아크릴계 주입재 등 다양한 주입재가 사용되고 있다. 친환경적이고 습윤상태에서 경화가 잘되고 온도변화에 안정적인 물성을 갖는 아크릴계 누수 보수재에 대하여 연구하였다. 개량된 아크릴 누수 보수재와 기존 아크릴레이트 주입재의 성능 비교를 위하여 KS 규격의 실험방법에 준용하여 수중침지 길이변화율 시험, 수중 유실 저항성 시험, 내화학 성능시험을 실시하였다. 비교 실험해 본 결과 개량된 아크릴 누수 보수재는 기존 아크릴레이트 주입재보다 습윤상태, 온도변화, 화학적 반응에 따른 수축변화가 없었고 수중 저항성 실험에서 유실되지 않았다. 또한, 개량된 아크릴 누수 보수재의 환경적 영향성을 알아보기 위해 어류급성독성 실험과 급성경구독성 실험을 진행하여 관찰해 본 결과 실험체의 사망률이 없었고 특별한 유의점이 발견되지 않았다. 본 연구의 실험결과 개량된 아크릴 누수 보수재가 성능적으로 우수하고 환경적으로 안전하고 인체에 무해하다고 판단되었다. 본 연구의 다양한 실험결과 기존의 아크릴레이트 보수재보다 개량된 아크릴 누수 보수재가 관거 및 지하구조물 균열 부위의 보수재로 사용되기 적합하다고 사료된다. 본 연구는 아크릴 누수 보수재에 대한 적용성 평가에 대한 연구로 향후 기술 개발에 활용자료로 제안하고자 한다.