• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.178-188
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• 2005

To use the filter materials for selective removal of carbonyl compounds in cigarette mainstream smoke, hydrazine such as 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine and dansylhydraznie impregnated adsorbents were prepared with perchloric acid or phosphoric acid as a accelerator in hydrazone formation reaction. The change of morphology of adsorbents in various of impregnator were investigated by SEM. Impregnation amount caused by reaction time, acid type and impregnation reagent, and the adsorption properties of carbonyl compounds in cigarette mainstream smoke were investigated. Amounts of impregnation was increased as increasing reaction time. The removal amount for vapor phase carbonyl compounds by 2,4-DNPH impregnated adsorbent was higher than that of dansylhydrazine impregnated adsorbent. The selectivity of 2,4-DNPH impregnated polyacrylic type adsorbent was superior to those of other adsorbents. This results indicated that the 2,4-DNPH impregnated polyacrylic adsorbent was applicable to cigarette filter material because of its fast reactivity and porosity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.146-151
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• 2007

Gas phase and particulate phase radicals in mainstream cigarette smoke were determined Electron Spin Resonance(ESR) spectroscopy. The free radicals in particulate phase have been investigated by benzene extract of Cambridge Filter Pad containing the smoke condensate. Spin trapping method in conjunction with ESR was used to investigate free radicals in the gas phase of cigarette smoke. Several analytical experiments were conducted in order to determine the optimal conditions for maximum signal intensities and reproducibility of results. All the tests were optimized and normalized using the University of Kentucky 2R4F reference cigarette. The optimal conditions were 0.6 mL for analysis volume of ESR, $4{\sim}5\;mL$ for collection volume of spin-adducts, and PBN for quantification of free radicals in gas phase. The radical levels of Kentucky 2R4F cigarettes were found $2.18{\times}10^{14}\;spins/cig.$ and $2.10{\times}10^{15}\;spins/cig.$ in gas phase.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.77-81
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• 2001

This study was conducted to determine menthol migration from the tobacco to the filter and the change in percentage of menthol in pack for different mentholated cigarettes. Methanol was used to extract menthol from tobacco, filter and foil. A known weight of internal standard was added to each extract and then the extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography. After 4 days, 95% of the menthol applied to the foil was delivered into the tobacco and filter, but in case of menthol applied to the tobacco, the percentage of menthol that migrated from the tobacco to the filter was below 10%. After 100 days, 30-45% of the menthol in the tobacco had migrated into the filter. The amount of menthol in the pack decreased after 20 days of storage, however, the remaining menthol in cigarette treated with 0.30% propylene glycol was higher in amount than that with 0.12% propylene glycol In analysis on menthol transfer to mainstream smoke, the most efficient sample was the cigarette with menthol applied to the foil rather than to the tobacco.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.75-84
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• 2009

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of nitrogen compounds such as protein on the chemical composition and toxicity of cigarette mainstream smoke. BSA protein was treated into the tobacco leaf of original 2R4F cigarette at 1~4 % level. The studies were performed which included a bacterial mutagenicity assay and a mammalian cell cytotoxicity assay for total particulate matter(TPM), and glutathione(GSH) consumption assay for gas/vapor phase(GVP) and determination of smoke chemical constitute. Cigarettes treated with protein were observed dose-dependent increase in yield of volatiles, semi-volatiles and aromatic amines compared with control cigarette. However, carbonyl compounds such as acrolein was lower than that of control cigarette when calculated on an equal TPM basis. The cytotoxicity of TPM obtained from the protein-added cigarettes was not different from that of control cigarette. However, the mutagenicity of the TPM from protein-treated cigarettes(1~4 %) was up to 10-27 % higher than that of control. On the other hand, toxicity of GVP from protein-treated cigarette(4 %) was significantly decreased compared with control cigarette. An overall assessment of our data suggests that nitrogen compounds such as protein should be important for the chemical composition and biological activity of cigarette mainstream smoke.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.41-48
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• 2015

Owing to the increase in price of cigarettes in Korea, herbal cigarettes have received increasing attention as a non-smoking aid; however, its safety has hardly been studied. We analyzed some of the toxic components in the mainstream smoke of herbal cigarettes, performed a mutagenicity test on smoke condensates for safety assessment, and compared the results with the corresponding values of a general cigarette with the same tar content. Herbal cigarette "A" was smoked using automatic smoking machine under ISO conditions in a manner similar to general cigarette "T". The tar content measured was higher than that inscribed on the outside of a package. The mainstream smoke of herbal cigarette "A" did not contain detectable levels of tobacco-specific nitrosamines and nicotine. Carbon monoxide and benzo(${\alpha}$)pyrene contents in herbal cigarette "A" were higher than those in the general cigarette "T". The phenolic contents such as hydroquinone, resorcinol, and catechol in herbal cigarette "A" were higher than those in the general cigarette "T", but cresol contents in herbal cigarette "A" were lower than those in the general cigarette "T". The content of aromatic amines such as 4-aminobiphenyl in herbal cigarette "A" was higher than that in the general cigarette "T"; however, this difference was not statistically significant. On the other hand, 1-aminonaphthalene, 2-aminonaphthalene, and 3-aminobiphenyl contents in herbal cigarette "A" were lower than those in the general cigarette "T". The smoke condensates of herbal cigarette "A" exhibited a higher mutagenic potential than the condensates from the general cigarette "T" at the same concentration. We concluded that the mainstream smoke of herbal cigarette contains some toxic components, the smoke condensates of herbal cigarettes are mutagenic similar to general cigarette because of combustion products, and that the evaluation of the chemical and biological safety of all types of herbal cigarettes available on the market.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.35-35
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.37-38
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.18-18
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• 2004

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.19-19
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• 2004

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.21-21
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• 2005