• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.43-52
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to classify the building layout and plan types according to the urban location, use and function of civil and to analyze the characteristics by the type classified. After constructing a framework (Mathia type, Nagaya type, Detached House type) for analyzing Modern Private Housing Architecture in Gunsan, the research was conducted on 30 representative buildings, and a plot plan, a floor plan and elevation were created. After analyzing the relationship between the lot of land and the urban street, we classified the type of arrangement into Mathia type and Nagaya type which directly enter the building from the road, and derived the Detached House type which indirectly enters from the road. When we look at the use of the derived arrangement types, most of the Mathia type are commercial and residential buildings, and some of them are specially designed for commercial buildings. The Nagaya type appears in the form of commercial and residential house or residential private house, and the Detached House type is classified as residential style. As a relation with the urban street, the Mathia type and the Nagaya type are generally located on the main urban street, whereas the Detached House type is located on the small urban street. As a result of analyzing, the floor plan was changed according to the plot plan. The plan of the Mathia and Nagaya type are arranged to enter directly from the street, with commercial space being mainly located on the street, and the residential space being composed on the back or the second floor. the plan of the Detached House is a type that enters indirectly into the interior through a separate space (Courtyard), and forms an organic space between the residential interior and the front and rear yard. The purpose of this study is to investigate the Characteristics of a plot plan and a floor plan of Modern Private Housing Architecture in Gunsan by means of analysis considering the urban street, Uses of buildings, Construction method and the yard through actual measurement.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.201-207
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• 2012

In order to evaluate the physical and psychological health effects from automobile air pollution, 99 employees who worked near a main street were given a general health questionnaire, and the prevalence of their subjective complaints was measured. The collected data were classified according to gender, sleep time, degree of regular exercise, self-consciousness of symptoms, length of employment, work time, rest time, and smoking status. The results obtained were summarized as follows: The scores related to health complaints regarding physical and psychological items were higher in females than in males. THI scores were higher for the < 4 hour sleep time group. The health complaint scores for physical items were higher in the regular exercise group, whereas most scores for mental items were higher in the irregular exercise groups. The health complaints scores for physical and psychological items were higher in the unhealthy symptom group than in other groups. Those employees who had worked for > 4 years showed significantly higher rates of complaints regarding the eyes and skin. THI scores were higher for the < 6 hour working time group. The smoking group showed higher scores regarding health complaints related to physical items. The THI scores of the respiratory organs, mouth, anus, and digestive organs were significantly higher for the smoking group than for the non-smoking group. In summary, this study shows that the health complaint scores regarding physical and psychological symptoms tended to be higher among the unhealthy group, the less sleep time group, the less work time group, smokers, and females. These results can be used to improve the psychosomatic health status and working environments of employees who work near a main street.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.183-203
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• 2007

This study aims at providing useful fundamental information to re-establish the theories of modern fashion by examining the origination and genealogy of street style. The street styles focusing on caucasoid have a variety of genealogies such as western type, beat, teddy boy, hippie, skinhead, punk, neuron-mantic, indie kid, riot grrrl, grunge and techno cyber punk. In the same period, on the contrary, the streets styles focusing on negroid are zootie, hipster, modernist, rude boy, two-tone, rastafarian, funky, B-boy, fly girl, raggamuffine, bhangra, and acid jazz, which are seen as the culture of the large cities formed along Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean sea like England, America and Jamaica. These have root as the main fashion in western society. Ironically, most of the subculture concentrated on the whites were racists. Because of such a reason, the street styles have been formed as resistance culture that was unable to sympathize with their society and characteristics by distinguishing the whites and the colored people. Zootie or hipster that is one of the street fashion styles was formed in the 1940-50s, while the colored people who lived in the west Indies migrated to England or America. As a minimal modernist style called Ivy look in US, in that time, anti-culture formed by teenagers in whitey, teddy boy and mods fashion can be strictly different from the zootie and hipster. The colored people's street styles of the 1960s developed into aggressive and hard forms from the rude boy and two-tone while their resistance toward the whites was stronger. The rastafarian style researched the peak as the colored people's traditional ethnic characteristics or resistance intention for their freedom in the 1970s. In that time, The colored people's street styles of the 1960s developed into aggressive and hard forms from the rude boy and two-tone while their resistance toward the whites was stronger. The rastafarian style researched the peak as the colored people's traditional ethnic characteristics or resistance intention for their freedom in the 1970s. In that time, the street styles of the whites were mostly the skinhead or hippie. Most of them were racists toward the colored people. The punk type on shown on the whites focused on luxury and exaggerative costume. On the contrary, the funky style of the colored people focused on aggressive nihilism and form. With B-boy, fly girl, reggae, rap music, and break dancing in the 1980s, the subculture gradually told on the high fashion as well as the culture between the whites and the colored people. From such aspects, the colored people tried to maintain their unique traditional characteristics. However, their individual values surged by the coming young generation excluded the colored people's characteristic street styles. Focusing on gender, violence and private success among their major concerns, the raga muffin style that represents multi-races and multi-cultures was formed. The jazz style in the 1990s showed cold post-modernistic eclecticism different from that of the 1940s-50s. Simultaneously, the various classes appeared their street styles by emphasizing on each personality. Now that we are living in multi-cultural society, a human race or nationalism concept is getting obscurer. There is no obvious boundary line in the differences between human race and its fashion.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제63권2호
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• pp.69-73
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• 2014

In this paper, remote control and surveillance monitoring system of HID street-lamp using low-cost type of Zigbee communication module was developed. A plurality of capacitors with different capacity are attached to magnetic ballast for HID lamps. Changes in the amount of illumination can be adjusted by the changes in capacity so that the electric energy can be reduced. In Zigbee communication module, a ATmega128L microprocessor is used and in main CPU, ARM9 Core is used to construct a low-cost smart system. In surveillance monitoring systems, the system was configured to remote monitoring of presence of error in the lamp abnormalities, the status of leakage current and abnormalities of ballasts and capacitors and the validity of the proposed empirical experiment was confirmed.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2008

To investigate the building wind characteristics of skyscraper nearby areas, two points were selected and the wind speed and the wind direction data were measured using 2-D ultrasonic anemometer and propeller type wind monitor during the winter time. The study site is Dohgok-dong, Seoul. After measurement, wind data whose speed is equal to or more than Beaufort level five were selected, classified and analyzed in terms of direction, velocity level and hourly difference. The prevailing wind point is higher than street canyon in terms of intensity and frequency. The main direction is also different. This study aims to figure out the phenomena of building wind impact and also to provide essential basic data for establishing proper guidelines in building wind impact assessment for skyscrapers in Korea.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제27권3_4호
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• pp.298-309
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• 2003

This paper was done to identify the types and the characteristics of street fashion of men living in world fashion-leading cities. 608 male photos taken on the main streets of 4 world fashion-leading cities such as London, New York, Paris, Tokyo were used as data. Photos were viewed by students and classified according to overall images and the common aspects of characteristic style. Fashion images of male were classified into 11 groups, which were suits, casual, hip-hop, rockers/punks, hippies, ethnic, western, military, new romantic, skirt, androgynous. Frequency distribution showed that casual image was mostly preferred and 1311owe4 by suit, rocker/punks. Military and hippies were least favored. In each category, almost every style looked unique and creative as a result of mixing and cross-coordination of different clothing items.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.144-151
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• 2012

The main objective of this study is to explore methods to generate and develop its design concept of the discord generated due to this by deeply considering the existing design concept of a new town or site planning. In particular, in case when designers participate in a process of planning new town, this study aims to reveal methods generating design strategy and basic ideas for designing street furniture through cases study of projects by understanding and analyzing concept of overall space planning and by developing direction for deployment of specific designs. First, further concepts of the space planning, which decides overall flow of visual design concept of street furniture, is extracted through analyses of basic concepts of space design with doing Focused Group Interview among designers and planners. Then, by applying 3V Design Process, alternatives of the concept generation are suggested through methods of storytelling and visual language under the two approach methods of verbalization stage and visualization stage. Also its process were explored through suggestion of designs by developing each idea of the respective concepts into specific design vocabulary.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to suggest a strategy of creating sustainable city's streets by extracting a elements related the task related with society, economic, and environment. The method of this study is as follows. First step, we extract main task for developing sustainable settlements through studying literature review. Second step, based on the task for sustainable settlements, we generate various elements for developing sustainable street environments. Third step, we carry out a survey targeting experts related to field of urban environment. Fourth step, we analyze their priority about developing elements and the difference between groups. Last step, through correlation analysis between three task and elements for developing sustainable streets, we discuss the specific application around developing elements. The result of this study is as follows. Firstly, from a social point of view, the task related to connecting of historical and cultural characteristic is the most important thing. In a environmental view, it illustrates that application of technologies based on IT is more important than use of sustainable land. In a economic paint of view, it presents that the elements of city security & disasters are important.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제5권5호
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• pp.481-488
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• 2011

Street vended food (SVF) includes food and beverages prepared and sold outdoors or in public areas by street merchants for consumption on the scene or later without further preparation. Due to its low price and convenience, SVF has been popular in Korea for a long time, particularly with high school students. Beyond Korea, SVF is also popular in southeast Asia and southern Africa in the form of ready-to-eat food. This study on high school students, who are main consumers of SVF in Korea, focused on the factors that affect consumer loyalty. The study was performed by questionnaire and used AMOS software to develop a structural equation model. The results of verifying the model's fidelity were $X^2$=685.989, df=261, GFI=0.851, AGFI=0.814, NFI=0.901, CFI=0.907, RMR=0.048, indicating a satisfying structural model. SVF quality and service, emotional response, and the physical environment had a statistically significant effect on consumer loyalty. In contrast, SVF sanitation had no statistically significant effect on consumer loyalty. Based on these results, the sanitary management of SVF needs to be addressed immediately combined with education for SVF providers to maintain a clean environment.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.176-187
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• 2002

The aim of this research is to establish basic materials for fashion merchandising by observing the street fashion of the juveniles and by analyzing their wearing, coordination and fashion trend. We have taken the photograph of the street fashion of 202 male teenagers and 265 female teenagers in Busan, and analyzed in the category of style, item, color, pattern, materials, hair style, shoes and accessories. We have concluded that the most frequent items were shirts (male), turtle neck (female) and jeans. The main style was casual just as jumper-look, sweater-look, gardigan-look. The typical female fashions that were hip-hop-look, twin neat-look, trench coat-look, were more various than male. For the color coordination, contrast color coordination was more dominant than similarity color coordination. Dominant patterns were solid, and also check and stripe patterns were frequently found in upper garment. The representative materials were soft for upper garment, and hard for trousers. Male teenagers prefer middle-length hair style and female teenagers prefer long hair style. The juveniles in Busan are wearing sports shoes and leather shoes in similar frequency. Their favorite accessories are bag, muffler and hat.