• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.212-218
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• 2003

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an important role in the normal morphogenesis, maintenance, and repair of matrix and also have important functions in pathologic conditions characterized by excessive degradation of extracellular matrix, such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, periodontitis and in tumor invasion and metastasis. In this study, expression of MMP-1 and -2 mRNA in retrodiscal tissue of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) was examined and compared with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and surgical findings. MMP mRNAs in the retrodiscal tissue samples were detected by reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction. TMJ internal derangement (ID) was categorized as normal disc position, disc displacement with reduction, early stage of disc displacement without reduction (DDsR) and late stage of DDsR. TMJ osteoarthrosis (OA) was classified with normal, mild and advanced OA. The amount of synovial fluid collection was divided into not detected, small, large and extremely large amount on MR T2-weighted imaging. Perforation and adhesion were examined during open surgery of the TMJ. Six out of 37 samples were excluded because of little amount of extracted total mRNA. MMP-2 mRNA was detected whole joints, and so the MMP-2 mRNA seems to be expressed normally in retrodiscal tissue. However, MMP-1 mRNA was expressed in 8 of 31 joints. Frequencies of MMP-1 mRNA expression according to the TMJ IDs, amount of synovial fluid and surgical findings made no significant difference. MMP-1 mRNA was detected more frequently in OA groups (7/16 joints, 43.8%) than in normal bony structure group (1/15 joints, 6.7%). Expression of MMP-1 mRNA in retrodiscal tissue might be related with OA of the TMJ.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.203-210
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• 1993

In order to investigate the effects of plant hormones on the quantitative changes in mRNA of maize (Zea mays L.) rbcL, we used GA3, IAA, ABA and BAP. GA3 at the concentration of 10-4M resulted in decrease in rbcL gene transcript to 62%. IAA decreased the amount of rbcL transcript to about 70% at all the hormone concentrations tested. ABA did not cause a noticeable change in the amount of rbcL transcript, but BAP increased the amount of rbcL transcript to 153% at 10-8M and 123% at 10-5M, respectively. Thus, it appears that BAP is related to the increase in the amount of rbcL transcript by light.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.217-224
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• 2001

The present study examines the expression and regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and its receptor (GnRH-R) mRNA levels during mouse ovarian development. A fully processed, mature GnRH mRNA together with intron-containing primary transcripts was expressed in the immature mouse ovary as determined by Northern blot analysis and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The size of ovarian GnRH mRNA was similar to that of hypothalamus, but its amount was much lower than that in the hypothalamus. Quantitative RT-PCR procedure also revealed the expression of GnRH-R mRNA in the ovary, but the estimated amount was a thousand-fold lower than that in the pituitary gland. We also examined the regulation of ovarian GnRH and GnRH-R mRNA levels during the follicular development induced by pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and/or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Ovarian luteinizing hormone receptor (LH-R) mRNA was abruptly increased st 48 h after the PMSG administration and rapidly decreased to the basal level thereafter. Ovarian GnRH mRNA level was slightly decreased at 48 h after the PMSG administration, and then returned to the basal value. GnRH-R mRNA level began to increase at 24 h after the PMSG treatment, decreased below the uninduced basal level at 48 h, and gradually increased thereafter. HCG administration did not alter ovarian GnRH mRNA level, while it blocked the PMSG-induced increase in GnRH mRNA level. Taken together, the present study demonstrates that the expression of GnRH and GnRH-R mRNA are regulated by gonadotropin during follicular development, suggesting possible intragonadal paracrine roles of GnRH and GnRH-R in the mouse ovarian development.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.19-23
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• 1995

당근의 현탁배양 캘러스 세포가 고온에 노출되었을때 다른 식물에서 알려진 것과 유사한 열충격반응을 나타낸다. 이는 기존의 유전자의 발현을 억제하고 새로운 열충격단백질을 생산하기 위한 열충격유전자의 발현을 촉진한다. 이러한 열충격유전자의 고온조건에서의 발현은 주로 전사과정에서 이루어지는 것으로 알려져 있다. 그러나 몇가지의 경우에서 이들 열충격 유전자의 발현이 번역과정에서 조절되는 것으로 보고된 바 있다. 본 고에서는 열충격 과정과는 무관한 토끼의 적혈구로 만들어진 시험관 내 번역시스템과 2차원단백질분리 시스템을 이용하여 생성된 단백질의 양을 통해, 번역에 사용된 mRNA의 양을 추정하였다. 이를 생체내에서 같은 조건에서 만들어진 단백질의 양과 비교할 때에 당근세포내의 특정 mRNA의 양과 해당 열충격단백질의 양이 $ 30^{\circ}C$에서 불일치함을 확인하였다. 이를 통해 당근의 캘러스 세포가 열충격 반응을 나타내는 가장 낮은 온도인 $30^{\circ}C$에서 mRNA의 양과는 다소 무관하게 해당 열충격단백질을 번역을 촉진하는 과정이 있음을 추정할 수 있었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제33권9호
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• pp.1451-1456
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• 2004

사람의 여러 암세포주들에서 아미노산 수송체 LAT1 및 그 보조인자 4F2hc mRNA의 발현과 LAT1의 대표적 기질인 L-leucine 수송을 조사하여 이들 사이의 상관관계를 밝히기 위해, 암세포주들에서 northern blot analysis 및 uptake 실험 등을 시행하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 조사한 26 종류의 사람 암 유래 세포주들에서 LAT1 mRNA의 뚜렷한 발현을 확인할 수 있었으나 그 발현양에는 차이가 있었다. 조사한 26종류의 사람 암 유래 세포주들에서 4F2hc mRNA의 뚜렷한 발현을 확인할 수 있었으며, LAT1의 경우에서와 같이 발현하는 정도가 조금씩 다름을 확인할 수 있었다. 사람의 암 유래 세포주들에서 아미노산 transporter에 의한 L-[$^{14}C$]leucine 수송을 확인할 수 있었다. 사람의 암세포주들에서 LAT1 mRNA의 발현정도가 높을수록 L-[$^{14}C$]leucine의 수송능력이 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 사람의 암세포주들에서 4F2hc mRNA의 발현정도가 높을수록 L-[$^{14}C$]leucine 수송 능력이 증가하는 경향은 보였으나, 통계적인 유의성은 없었다. 본 연구의 결과에 의해 사람 암세포주들에서 아미노산 transporter LAT1의 발현과 아미노산 L-leucine의 수송 사이와의 상관관계를 확인할 수 있었으며, 아미노산 transporter LAT1의 특이적 억제에 의한 암세포의 성장 억제에 관한 또 하나의 방향성을 제시할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.115-121
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• 1996

임신중기에서 발기에 이르는 흰쥐의 태반에서 Placental Lactogen I (PL-I), II 그리고 Pit-1 의 유전자 발현 변화를 Northern blot hybridization으로 조사하였다. 그 결과, 임신시기에 따라 PL-I과 PL-II의 mRNA 양과 크기에 변화가 나타났다. 이들 유전자 발현에 미치는 에스트로겐의 영향을 조사하기 위하여, 임신 14일째 쥐의 난소를 제거하고(OVX), 이후 매일 에스트로겐을 투여한 후 (OVX+E), 임신 18일째 태반을 회수하여 PL-I, II 그리고 Pit-1의 유전자 발현을 Northern blot hybridization으로 조사하였다. OVX 군의 경우, PL-I의 mRNA 크기는 1 kb에서 1.3 kb로 PL-II의 mRNA는 0.6kb에서 1 kb로 변화하였다. OVX+E 군에서는 PL-I과 PL-II의 mRNA가 정상대조군과 같은 상태로 환원하였다. 정상대조군에 비하여 OVX와 OVX+E 군에서 PL-I과 PL-II의 mRNA 크기에는 영향을 미치지 못한 반면, mRNA 양은 난소제거시 감소하였다가, 에스트로겐을 투여하면, 부분적으로 회복되는 경향을 보였다. 이러한 본 실험의결과는 에스트로겐이 PL-I과 PL-II의 RNA splicing이나 polyadenylation 등을 포함한 유전자 발현에 영향을 미치며, Pit-1이 이 과정에 개입하는 것을 시사하는 것이다.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.51-57
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• 2003

Purpose: To investigate the effects of irradiation on the phenotypic expression of the MC3T3-El osteoblastic cell line, particularly an the expression of type I collagen and alkaline phosphatase mRNA. Materials and Methods: Cells were irradiated with a single dose of 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 Gy at a dose rate of 5.38 Gy/min using a cesium 137 irradiator. The specimens were then harvested and RNA extraction was carried out at 1 and 3 days after irradiation. The extracted RNA strands were reverse-transcribed and the resulting cDNA fragments were amplified by PCR. Results: The irradiated cells demonstrated a dose-dependent increase in type I collagen mRNA expression relative to the control group, with a maximum level of type I collagen mRNA expression occurring at 8 Gy. The degree of type I collagen mRNA expression increased significantly at 1 day after irradiation, but little differences were found between the control group and at the 3rd day. The amount of alkaline phosphatase mRNA expression increased significantly at land 3 days after irradiation in the 1 Gy exposed group compared with the control group. Conclusion: The amount of type I collagen and alkaline phosphatase mRNA expression increased significantly 1 day after irradiation when compared with the control group.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.181-189
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• 2019

Curcumin, an active ingredient of Curcuma longa L., can reduce the concentration of low-density lipoproteins in plasma, in different ways. We had first reported that curcumin exhibits hypocholesterolemic properties by improving the apolipoprotein B (apoB) mRNA editing in primary rat hepatocytes. However, the role of curcumin in the regulation of apoB mRNA editing is not clear. Thus, we investigated the effect of curcumin on the expression of multiple editing components of apoB mRNA cytidine deamination to uridine (C-to-U) editosome. Our results demonstrated that treatment with $50{\mu}M$ curcumin markedly increased the amount of edited apoB mRNA in primary mouse hepatocytes from 5.13%-8.05% to 27.63%-35.61%, and significantly elevated the levels of the core components apoB editing catalytic polypeptide-1 (APOBEC-1), apobec-1 complementation factor (ACF), and RNA-binding-motif-protein-47 (RBM47), as well as suppressed the level of the inhibitory component glycine-arginine-tyrosine-rich RNA binding protein. Moreover, the increased apoB RNA editing by $50{\mu}M$ curcumin was significantly reduced by siRNA-mediated APOBEC-1, ACF, and RBM47 knockdown. These findings suggest that curcumin modulates apoB mRNA editing by coordinating the multiple editing components of the edito-some in primary hepatocytes. Our data provided evidence for curcumin to be used therapeutically to prevent atherosclerosis.

• 생태와환경
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• 제37권1호통권106호
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• pp.122-129
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• 2004

In an effort to develop the biomarker for monitoring the contamination of xenoestrogen in the freshwater environment of Korea, reverse transcription-polymerasechain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis of vitellogenin (VTG) gene expression was optimized in Hearisarsus Iaseo, Based on the homology of the VTG cDNA sequences between the common carp and zebra fish, a set of PCR primers for VTG mRNA amplification for H; labo was designed. VTG mRNA level in livers from female and male fishes was analyzed by RT-PCR following single injection of 17 beta estradiol($E_2$ 10 mg $kg^{-1}$ B.W.). As an internal control, beta actin mRNA was amplified. One us of total liver RNA was subjected to RT-PCR. In female the amount of PCR productof VfC gradually increased in the range from 16 to 34 cycles of amplification. On the contrary, in control male, PCR product first detected at 32 cycles of amplification and linearly increased up to 40 cycles of amplification. In $E_2$ injected male liver, the VTC mRNA level was similar to that in the female. Taken together, this result suggests that liver of male H. labo expresses minute amount of VTG mRNA which are2-l6 equivalent of female and that induction of VTG mRNA occurs in male liver after estrogen treatment. In conclusion, the optimized protocol for RT-PCR analysis of VTG mRNA expression in liver of male H. labo will provide the environmental monitoring method for the xenoestrogen contamination in the rivers in Korea.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.87-91
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• 1997

Effects of divalent cations such as $Mg^{2+}$, $Mn^{2+}$, $Ca^{2+}$, and $Zn^2$ on splicing activity of phage T4 thymidylate synthase intron RNA have been investigated. At the concentration of 0.5 mM, $Mn^{2+}$ in the absence of $Mg^{2+}$, a very small amount of pre-RNA was cleaved into ligation products (El-E2) but no circular or linear intron was produced. As the concentration of $Mn^{2+}$ was increased from 1 to 5 mM the pre-RNA was completely hydrolyzed. In the presence of 5 mM $Mg^{2+}$, both the linear intron and circular intron were produced but no El-E2 ligation product was produced. At both 3 and 5 mM $Mn^{2+}$ the RNA was hydrolyzed completely as observed with no $Mg^2+$ being present. In the case of $Zn^{2+}$, even at 0.5 mM concentration, the pre-RNA was completely hydrolyzed. This observation suggested that $Zn^{2+}$ facilitates RNA hydrolysis more rapidly than $Mn^{2+}$ does. at 5mM $Ca^{2+}$, the RNA was not hydrolyzed and remained intact as a primary transcript.