• 농업과학연구
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.945-956
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• 2021

The effective growth of pepper seedlings relies on the growing period and tray used, which both aim to minimize seedling damage during the transplantation process. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of red and green pepper seedling growth in plug and cylindrical paper pot (CPP) trays with different growth periods of the seedlings. Two different seedling growth trays were used for the two varieties of pepper seedlings in the same growing media. The pepper seedling growth rates were investigated at 15, 30, and 45 days for each of variety. Important parameters, e.g., the plant height, fresh weight for the plant and root, number of leaves, leaf length and width, and leaf chlorophyll contents, were measured. During the experiment, the CPP tray maintained uniform seedling growth as compared to the plug tray. CPP trays ensured the height of the seedling, with these results 0.84 to 1.6 times higher than those of the plug tray for all conditions, indicating the good quality of the pepper seedlings. The shoot and root weights were found to be greater with more leaves in the CPP tray seedlings for 45 days compared to the seedlings grown in the plug tray, whereas the green pepper variety showed a greater leaf ratio than the red pepper seedlings. The analysis of pepper seedling growth presented in this study will guide the selection of suitable growth trays and seedling periods for farmers when they undertake automatic pepper transplantation in the field.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.231-238
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• 1998

팽이버섯의 선도유지와 저장기간 연장을 위한 환경기체조절포장의 적용을 검토하였다. 팽이버섯은 높은 온도에서 호흡속도가 빠르며, 상품적 가치를 평가하는데 있어서 중요한 평가인자인 자루의 신장율이 톱밥을 제거한 경우가 현저하게 낮았으므로 톱밥을 제거한 처리에서 품질 및 신선도가 향상되는 것으로 나타났다. 100g 단위를 30$\mu\textrm{m}$ CPP와 30$\mu\textrm{m}$ LDPE에 의한 밀봉포장한 환경기체조절포장은 $0^{\circ}C$, 5$^{\circ}C$, 1$^{\circ}C$에서 선도유지에 유익하게 효과적이었다. 저장온도가 높을수록 중량감소가 크고, 밀봉된 포장이 통기성 포장에 비해 중량감소가 적어서 품질유지에 효과적이고, L값은 저장기간에 따라 전반적으로 완만하게 감소하였다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.77-83
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• 1993

Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) has been known to have peripheral actions as well as central actions. Recently physiological roles of 5-HT as a central neurotransmitter have been studied in detail and this is a subject of the present study. Plausible central actions mediated by 5-HT receptor seem to be a control of appetite, bring about psychiatric disorders such as anxiety or dementia, and migraine headache. In this study, thirty-five medicinal plants were tested for their antagonistic activities to 5-HT mediated actions. Through the preliminary screening, methanol extracts of three medicinal plants (Saussureae Radix, Sanguisorbae Radix and Xanthii Fructus) were shown to possess relatively specific antagonistic activities to 5-HT mediated ileal contraction over acetylcholine. To luther investigate the central antagonistic activities of the selected plant in vivo, m-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP) which is known to be a 5-H $T_{1c}$ receptor agonist was injected to mouse to induce an anxious and/or hypolocomotion states, and also social interaction test, which was based on the method described by File (S.E. File, 1980), was performed to see whether ethylacetate fraction of Sanguisorbae Radix methanol extract possessed a specific anxiolytic activity.y.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.93-98
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• 1994

Fresh ginseng was packed by using available commercial plastic films of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), cast polypropylene (CPP) and low density polyethylene (LDPE). PVC was used as a wrapping on polystyrene tray, and CPP and LDPE were applied as pouch packages. Gas composition of the package and keeping quality of ginseng in the packages were evaluated for 20 day storage at 5$^{\circ}C$. LDPE (27$\mu\textrm{m}$ thick) Package modified the Package atmosphere to 11.7% O2 and 2.1% CO2, gave low microbial growth and good sensory score after 20 day storage.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.391-395
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• 1995

Several lines of evidence indicate that physiological activity of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor was blocked by physiological concentration of $Mg^{2+}$ (1.2 mM). However, the activity of NMDA receptor may not be blocked totally with this concentration of $Mg^{2+}$ under elevated membrane potential by kainate. Here, we described the effect of $Mg^{2+}$ on NMDA receptor and how much of NMDA receptor functions could be activated by kainate. Effects of NMDA receptor antagonist on kainate-induced elevation of intracellualr $Ca^{2+}$ levels $([Ca^{2+}]_i)$ and extracellular glutamate level were examined in cultured rat cerebellar granule neurons. kainate-induced elevation of $([Ca^{2+}]_i)$ was not affected by physiological concentration of $Mg^{2+}$. Kainate-induced NMDA-induced elevation was blocked by the same concentration of $MG^{2+}$Kainate-induced elevation of [$([Ca^{2+}]_i)$ was decreased by 32% in the presence of NMDA antagonists, MK-801 and CPP (3-[2-carboxypiperazine-4-yl]propyl-1-phosphonic acid), in $Mg^{2+}$ free buffer. Kainate receptor-activated gluamate release was also decreased (30%) by MK-801 or CPP. These resuts show that certain extent of elevations of intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ and extracellular glutamate by kainate is due to coativation of NMDA receptors.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.602-607
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• 2013

포장 콩나물의 유통 중 품질향상을 위한 기초연구를 실시하고자 포장 필름의 종류 및 산소투과도에 따른 저장 중 포장 콩나물의 품질 변화를 조사하였다. 시판 중인 비포장 벌크 콩나물(제조일로부터 1일) 각 $320{\pm}20g$을 산소투과율 $3,000cc/m^2{\cdot}day{\cdot}atm$ 범위의 다양한 포장 필름으로 밀봉포장하고 $5^{\circ}C$에서 7일간 저장하면서 품질변화를 측정하였다. 품질유지에 적합한 산소투과도 선정을 위한 예비 실험 결과 산소유지율이 높은 $10,000cc/m^2{\cdot}day{\cdot}atm$의 산소투과도를 가지는 OPP 필름(대조구)과 $15,000cc/m^2{\cdot}day{\cdot}atm$의 산소투과도를 가지는 OPP (OP15) 및 CPP (CP15) 필름을 선정하였고, 이들 필름으로 포장한 콩나물의 저장 중 중량감소율, pH, 산소, 이산화탄소 및 관능적 품질변화를 조사하였다. 저장 중 중량감소율은 모든 구에서 10% 미만으로 OP15의 중량감소율이 가장 작게 나타났다. 저장 중 pH는 저장일의 증가에 따라 증가하고 있으며 유의적인 차이는 없으나 CP15에서 더 크게 나타났다. 저장에 따른 포장 내부의 산소함량은 감소하고 이산화탄소의 함량은 증가하고 있는데, 산소투과율이 높을수록 저장 중 높은 산소유지율을 나타내었다. 이산화탄소의 축적률은 저장 7일경 대조구와 OP15, CP15 각각에서 15.6%, 15.4% 및 14.3%로 대조구에서 가장 높은 수준의 축적률을 나타내었다. 저장 중의 관능품질은 저장 7일경 상업적 품질이 상실되어 OP15의 경우 강한 이취가 CP15에서 강한 녹변이 발생하였다.

• 한국포장학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2002

PET $16{\mu}m/dry$ lamination/Al-foil $7{\mu}m/dry$ lamination/CPP $80{\mu}m$의 사양으로 2개 업체에서 제조된 포장용 복합필름에서 제품 충전공정 중에서 발생한 열접착 트러블의 원인을 규명하고자 복합필름을 분리하여 각각의 두께와 재질이 제시된 사양과 일치하는지를 관능검사와 IR, DSC로 측정한 결과 1개 업체의 것이 차단층의 두께가 다르고 열접착층 필름의 재질은 비슷한 것임을 알았고, 시험기로 찾은 최적 열접착조건은 $195^{\circ}C$와 $210^{\circ}C$로 $15^{\circ}C$의 차이를 보였으며 이를 종형 4면 액체충전포장기로 직접 충전 포장하였을 때의 봉지의 열접착 강도를 비교한 결과 최적 열접착 조건 $195^{\circ}C$의 것은 평균 $4.76kg/cm^2/15mm,\;210^{\circ}C$의 것은 평균 $3.84kg/cm^2/15mm$이었다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.461-469
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• 2013

This research is performed to investigate the changes in the physicochemical properties and microbial growths of seasoned anchovies with various packaging materials (PET/CPP : polyethylene terephthalate/cast polypropylene, PET/EVOH : polyethylene terephthalate/ethylene-vinyl alcohol, PET/AL/LDPE: polyethylene terephthalate/aluminum/low density polyethylene), which are stored at various temperatures (25, 35, $45^{\circ}C$) for 60 days. Generally, it is being observed that changes in physicochemical properties (i.e., moisture content, color, brown intensity, TBA value, TMA, VBN etc) of seasoned anchovies are significant when stored at higher temperatures. Particularly, the packaging materials are found to influence substantially on the physicochemical properties of seasoned anchovies. With packaging materials of high oxygen transmission rates and moisture vapor transmission rates (i.e., PET/CPP), the changes in physicochemical properties of seasoned anchovies are significant, while being low with low oxygen transmission rates and low moisture vapor transmission rates (i.e., PET/EVOH). In addition, results of microbial growths in seasoned anchovies show that significant increases in total aerobic bacteria counts (about 100-fold after 60 day of storage) are observed in samples with packaging materials of high oxygen transmission rates and moisture vapor transmission rates (i.e, PET/CPP), while with only small increases for samples of low oxygen transmission rates and low moisture vapor transmission rates (i.e., PET/EVOH). Based on the changes in the physicochemical properties and results of microbial growths, it is being concluded that PET/EVOH film is suitable for the packaging of seasoned anchovies.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.491-498
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• 2003

본 연구는 우유로부터 OPN을 분리 정제하여 그 특성을 규명하기 위해서 수행되었다. 먼저 ion-exchange와 hydrophobic chromatography를 이용하여 우유로부터 OPN을 분리 정제하였다. OPN의 분자량은 SDS-전기영동 상에서 약 60,000dalton이었고, NH2-terminal amino acid sequence를 확인한 결과 Leu-Pro-Val-Lys-Pro- Thr-Ser 순이었다. OPN을 35주령된 SCWL를 이용하여 산란계를 면역 시키고, 형성된 anti- OPN IgY 항체를 분리․정제한 후 ELISA test로 항체가를 측정하였다. 또한 RID test을 이용하여 OPN 함량에 따른 정량곡선을 작성하고, 이 곡선에 의해 우유 중 OPN 함량을 정량하였다. 그 결과 원유, 탈지유, 시유에서 각각39.78, 31.74, 37.48${\mu}g$/$m\ell$을 함유하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 OPN의 Ca 가용화 능력을 검정한 결과 OPN이 CPP와 poly-glutamic acid 보다 더 우수한 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.249-254
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the acid tolerance, bile acid tolerance, and fermentation activity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from Kimchi in the presence of hydrolysates of whey protein concentrate. Kimchi isolates DK109, DK119, DK121, DK128, DK211, DK212, and DK215, which were identified as Lactobacillus sp., and L. casei DK128 showed the highest acid and bile acid tolerance. To produce whey hydrolysates, enzymes were added to a 10% (w/v) whey protein concentrate (WPC) solution at 1:50 (w/v, protein). The viabilities of the DK strains were determined in the presence of low pH and bile salts. Then, yogurt was produced via fermentation with L. casei DK128, an isolate from Kimchi, in the presence of the following additives: CPP, WPC, and WPC hydrolysates (WPCH) generated by alcalase (A) or neutrase (N). The produced yogurts were subjected to various analyses, including viable cell counts (CFU/mL), pH, titratable activity, and sensory testing. After 8 h of fermentation, the pH and titratable activity values of all test samples were 4.2 and 0.9, respectively. The viable counts of LAB were $3.49{\times}10^8$, $5.72{\times}10^8$, $7.01{\times}10^8$, and $6.97{\times}10^8$, for the Control, CPP, A, and N samples, respectively. These results suggest that whey proteins have potential as dietary supplements in functional foods and that WPCH could be used in yogurt as a low-cost alternative to CPP.