• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.429-434
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• 2004

The effects of intravenous administration of high concentration of taurocholic acid (TCA) on cathepsin B and D, and acid phosphatase activities in rat liver lysosome were studied. These liver lysosomal enzymes were determined from the experimental rats with choledocho-caval shunt (CCS). The activities of liver lysosomal cathepsin B and D, and acid phosphatase were found to be significantly increased in the CCS plus TCA injection group than in control group, such as group of CCS alone group. However, these hepatic enzyme activities did not change in the CCS plus tauroursodeoxycholic acid injection group. The above results suggest that TCA stimulates the biosynthesis of the lysosomal cathepsin B and D, and acid phosphatase in the liver.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.73-81
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• 2010

In this study, monoclonal antibodies against lysosomal acid phosphatase (LAP) of a salamander, Hynobius leechii, were used to determine the spatial and temporal expression of the LAP in the regenerating limbs. The Western blot and immunohistochemical analysis in the limb regeneration revealed that LAP was highly expressed at the dedifferentiation stage, especially in the wound epidermis and dedifferentiating limb tissues such as muscle and cartilage. With RA treatment, the LAP expression became upregulated in terms of both level and duration in the wound epidermis, blastemal cell and dedifferentiating limb tissues. In addition, in situ activity staining of LAP showed a similar result to that of immunohistochemistry. Thus, the activity profile of LAP activity coincides well with the expression profile of LAP during the dedifferentiation period. Furthermore, to examine the effects of lysosomal enzymes including LAP on salamander limb regeneration, lysosome extract was microinjected into limb regenerates. Interestingly, when the lysosome extract was microinjected into limb regenerates with a low dose of RA($50\;{\mu}g/g$ body wt.), skeletal pattern duplication occurred frequently in the proximodistal and transverse axes. Therefore, lysosomal enzymes might cause the regenerative environment and RA plays dual roles in the modification of positional value as well as evocation of extensive dedifferentiation for pattern duplication. In conclusion, these results support the hypothesis that dedifferentiation is a crucial event in the process of limb regeneration and RA-evoked pattern duplication, and lysosomal enzymes may play important role(s) in this process.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.136-141
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• 1977

돼지 백혈구(白血球) Iysosome의 n-butanol 추출물(抽出物)로 부터 DEAE-cellulose, Sephadex c-200 column chromatography 및 Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis 로서 acid phosphatase, aryl sulfatase, ${\beta}-glucuronidase$로서 및 cathepsin D를 분리(分離)정제하고 그 성질을 조사하였다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.109.2-109.2
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• 1987

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.426-436
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• 1996

앞서 본 연구실에서는 도롱뇽(Hynobius leechii) 다리 재생 과정중 기존의 조직들이 와해되고 조직 및 그 구성 세포의 분화 양성이 소멸되는 탈분화 과정중 시소솜 acid phosphatase의 활성도가 급격히 증가함을 보고한바 있다. 본 연구에서는 다리 재생 과정에서 이 효소의 시간적, 공간적 분포 및 발현 양상을 알아보기 위해 단일 항체를 만들었다. 리소솜 acid phosphatase에 대한 22단일 항체균중 5항체군이 탈분화 조직과 강한 면역반응을 보였으며 이들의 시간적, 공간적 반응 양상은 조직의 탈분화 상태와 일치하였다. 이 결과는 탈분화 과정시 증가하는 리소솜 acid phosphatase의 활성도가 이 효소의 시간적, 공간적 분포 및 발현 양상과 밀접히 연관되어 있음을 반영하며 탈분화 과정중 이 효소의 역할이 매우 중요함을 시사하고 있다. Immunoblotting 결과 이들 단일 항체군은 리소솜 acid phosphatase의 monomer인 53kDa밴드를 인식하였다. 한편 도롱뇽의 리소솜 acid phosphatase에 대한 단일 항체와 타종의 LAP에 대한 cross-reactivity를 immunoblot으로 조사한 결과 양서류인 axolotl(Ambystoma mexicanum)과 Xenopus laevis에서는 유사한 분자량 band에서 반응이 나타났으나 그외 생쥐, 초파리, C.elegans에서는 cross-reactivity가 없는 것으로 조사되었다. 이러한 결과들은 본 연구에서 만들어진 단일 항체가 한국산 도롱뇽의 리소솜 acid phosphatase를 특이적으로 인식하며 나아가 양서류내에서는 이 효소의 상동서이 높음을 시사하고 있다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.263-270
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• 2002

The Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, were stressed with different concentrations of benzo(a) pyrene and depurated to determine the hemocyte lysosomal membrane stability and hydrolytic enzymatic activity as a biomarker candidate to the chemical, using NRR (neutral red retention) and API ZYM System, respectively. The membrane damage measured as NRR decrease was significant with the increase of chemical concentration and exposure time (P<0.05), providing a possible tool for biomarker. Interestingly, the control showed intrinsic stress probably due to captive life in the laboratory, and a recovering trend was also found during the depuration. The benzo(a)pyrene-exposed oysters showed increased enzyme activities in alkaline phosphatase, esterase (C4), acid phosphatase, naphthol-AS-BI-phospho­hydrolase, $\beta$-galactosidase, $\beta$-glucuronidase, and N-acetyl- $\beta$-glucosaminidase. Of them, only two enzymes, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase, showed some potential available for the generation of enzymatic biomarker in the oyster. The results are suggestive of the potential availability of the cellular and enzymatic properties as a biomarker. However, considering that a robust biomarker should be insensitive to natural stress coming from normal physiological variation, but sensitive to pollutants, a concept of intrinsic stress the animal possesses should be taken into consideration. This reflects the necessity of further research on the intrinsic stress affecting the cellular and enzymatic properties of the chemical­stressed oysters prior to using the data as a biomarker.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.53-62
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• 1998

리소솜 acid phosphatase(LAP)를 포함하는 리소솜 산성 가수 분해 효소는 세포 내,외 성분의 분해에 중요한 기능을 수행하며, 유미 양서류의 다리 재생 과정에서 LAP의 효소 활성도는 탈분화시기에 특이적으로 증가하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 멕시코산 도룡뇽의 일종인 axolotl(Ambystoma mexicanum)의 다리 재생 가정에서 정상적인 다리 재생 조직과 retinoic acid (RA)가 처리된 다리 재생 조직에서 LAP의 분포 및 발현을 면역 화학적 방법으로 조사하였다. Axolotl의 다리 재생 조직에서 한국산 도룡뇽(Hynobius leechii)의 LAP에 대한 단일 항체를 이용한 면역 반응도는 줄 탈분화시기에 있는 wound epidermis와 미분화된 중배엽성 세포인 blastema 세포, 탈분화 상태의 근육과 연골 부위 세포에서 나타나는 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 LAP의 면역 반응도는 재생단게의 초기에 점차 증가하여 탈분화시기 동안 최대치에 도달하였으며, 재분화가 시작되면서 basal level 까지 서서히 감소하는 것으로 나타나\ulcorner. 유미 양서류의 다리 재생 과정에서 골격 패턴의 복제를 유발시키는 것으로 알려져 있는 RA 처리는 LAP의 면역 반응도를 강화시키는 것으로 나타나\ulcorner. 즉, RA가 처리된 다리 재생 조직에서 LAP의 면역 반응도는 정상적인 다리 재생 조직에서 보다 강하게 나타났으며, 면역 반응도가 나타나는 시기 또한 연장되는 것으로 조사되었다. 이와 같은 결과는 다리 재생 조직에서 RA 처리가 탈분화시기의 연장에 관여한다는 것을 시사하고 있다.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.61-69
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• 1993

우라늄 피폭후 효소활성도가 내부피폭의 biomarker로서의 가능성을 연구하기 위하여 수서생물인 잉어(Caprinus carpio)의 복강내 우라늄 투여시 간조직에서 일어나는 여러가지 효소계의 변화를 조사하였다. 이러한 효소활성도의 변화는 우라늄 내부피폭의 biomarker로서 가능성을 가지고 있으며 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 6일째까지 우라늄을 주사하여 적출한 간에서의 전체단백질량은 계속 감소하고 있다. 2) 세포내의 lysosome내에 함유하고 있는 acid pretense와 ${\beta}-glucuronidase$의 활성도는 6일째 투여후까지 활성도가 감소하고 있다. 3) Alkaline phosphatase의 경우 6일째 우라늄 투석후까지 증가하고 있으며 반대로 acid phosphatase의 경우 6일째 우라늄 투여후까지 활성도가 급격히 증가하였고 glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase의 활성도는 완만하게 증가하고 있다. 4) Creatine kinase의 활성도는 완만한 감소를 보이고 있으며 malate dehydrogenase는 첫번 우라늄 투여후에 활성도가 급격히 감소하였고 3일째 우라늄 투여후에는 활성도가 거의 나타나지 않았다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.689-696
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• 1995

Effects of several cytokines($IL-1{\beta},\;TNF_{\alpha},\;and\;IFN_{\gamma}$) have been examined on fetal rat osteoblast-like cells. To investigate whether cytokines play direct causal roles in production of lysosomal enzyme, fetal rat osteoblast-like cells were treated with $IL-1{\beta},\;TNF_{\alpha},\;and\;IFN_{\gamma}$, respectively or combined. And acid phosphatase was determined by biochemical method. Alkaline phosphatase was assayed to determine the effects of $IL-1{\beta},\;TNF_{\alpha},\;and\;IFN_{\gamma}$ on the expression of this enzyme. And also experiment of calcified nodule formation was performed to assess the effects of cytokines on the bone-forming activity of osteoblast-like cells in vitro. Acid phosphatase activity was significantly increased by the addition of $IL-1{\beta}\;and\;TNF_{\alpha}$, whereas decreased by $IFN_{\gamma}$. However, no significant change:: in alkaline phosphatase activity was observed when the osteoblast-like cells were treated with $IL-1{\beta}\;and\;TNF_{\alpha}$. Interestingly, $IFN_{\gamma}$ showed stimulatory effect on alkaline phosphatase activity. The number of calcified nodules was decreased by treatment of cultures with 1 ng/ml $IL-1{\beta},\;20\;ng/ml\;TNF_{\alpha}$, and 500 u/ml $IFN_{\gamma}$ continuously for 21 days, while considerable number of calcified nodules were formed in control group of osteoblast-like cell in culture for 21 days. These results seem to suggest that cytokines may play crucial roles in bone remodeling through the direct action on the osteoblast-like cell.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.34-48
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• 1989

The oval shaped pericardial cells are clustered along the lateral sides of the heart and irregularly connected with the heart. The cells are bounded by a basement membrane. The basement membranes of the connected two peicardial cells are irregularly linked each other there-fore funnels are formed. The multiple invaginations of the cell membrane are observed and septate junctions develope at the part of enterance of the cell membrane. The coated pits are appeared in the inner side of the invaginated cell membrane. The coated vesicles, tubular and spherical shaped vesicle, Golgi complex containing high electron densed material in the cisternae and mitochondria are observed in the cytoplasm and lysosomes are remarkably well developed. The whirled membrane structures in the multiformed complex bounded by single membrane are linked with low electron densed granules and spherical shaped small granules having high electron density with $0.03{\mu}m$ in diameter are located between the whirled membrane in a row and gradually secretes the granules and then they produced the multilamellar body. The lysosomal regions of cytoplasm of pericardial cell are appeared negative reaction to the acid phosphatase and according to the results of the electrophoresis, lipoproteins having acid phosphatase activity are contained. The axon is contacted with the pericardial cells.