• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.78 no.2
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• pp.137-141
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• 2015

Lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LYG) is an angiocentric and angiodestructive neoplastic proliferation of B and T lymphocytes commonly involving the lungs. Epstein-Barr virus is commonly detected in lesional cells. We report a case of a 54-year-old female with underlying monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance who presented with a 4 week history of dyspnea and cough. Computed tomography scan of the chest showed multiple lung nodules as well as endobronchial narrowing causing atelectasis at the left upper lobe. Bronchoscopic findings revealed obstruction at the lingula segment due to endobronchial mass as a rare presentation. Bronchoscopic biopsy was diagnosed with LYG grade 1. After treatment, the endobronchial mass and lung lesions were completely resolved. However, the patient eventually evolved to malignant lymphoma after 1 year.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.33-40
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• 1981

In order to clarify the morphological changes in the mammary glands of cows affected with coliform (Escherichia coli) mastitis, histopathological observations were undertaken on the mastitis of the lactating rabbits which was experimentally induced with E. coli or its endotoxin isolated from cases of acute and chronic matitis in dairy cattle. In the bacterial suspension-infused groups the affected quarters of udder showed cloudy swelling, hyperemia and hemorrhage to local necrosis and firmness. The microscopic findings of early stage of the mastitis were appearance of large numbers of heterophils in the glandular lumina and ducts accompanied by degeneration, necrosis and desquamation of epithelial cells, and also infiltration of heterophils, hemorrhage and edema in the interstitial tissue, and destruction of alveoli. Later, proliferation of firoblasts, plasma cells, lymphocytes, eosinophils and histiocytes appeared in the glandular tissue and necrotic foci of glandular tissue were surrounded by highly proliferated connective tissue. Granuloma-like inflammatory changes could be observed in the glandular tissue on the 7th days after infusion. The inflammatory response in the group infused with E. coli strain isolated from the natural case of acute mastitis was rapid and severe as compared with that of chronic mastitis. In the endotoxin-infused group the morphological changes were similiar to those of the bacterial suspension-infused groups.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.103-110
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• 2000

The immunostimulatory effects of quaternary ammonium compounds(QACs) were investigated in leucocytes of eel(Anguilla japonica) in vitro. Proliferation of peripheral blood lymphocytes(PBLs) was no significantly affected by QACs, regardless of mitogen(PHA, ConA and LPS) and the concentration of QACs added. QACs heightened the leucocytes function such as respiratory burst activity, phagocytosis and pinocytosis, resulting in significantly increased the bactericidal activity of macrophages. These results suggested that QAC might modulate the immune responses by activation of leucocytes function but not by increment of immunocompetent cell numbers.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.145-151
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• 2001

p62 is a phosphotyrosine-independent ligand of the SH2 domain of $p56^{Ick}$, a T-cell specific Src family tyrosine kinase. Recently p62 has been shown to interact with a number of proteins, such as $PKC\varsigma$ and ubiquitin, and implicated in important cellular functions such as cell proliferation. Since the two p62 interacting proteins, $p56^{Ick}$ and $PKC\varsigma$, have been reported to play roles in cell death, 1 have addressed the potential role of p62 during apoptosis in Jurkat cells in this study. Herein 1 show that p62 was specifically cleaved into two peptides by a caspase-3-like activity during Fas-receptor mediated apoptosis in Jurkat cells. This cleavage generated two fragments with molecular weights of about 35 kDa that differed in subcellular localizations. The N-terminal cleaved fragment was present in the detergent-insoluble fraction whereas the C-terminal fragment was found in the detergent-soluble fraction. In addition, the C-terminal fragment appeared to be subjected to further degradation as apoptosis prolonged. Moreover, overexpression of p62 in Jurkat cells attenuated the Fas receptor mediated apoptosis, suggesting that p62 is involved in apoptotic signal transduction pathway in lymphocytes.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.75-88
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• 2001

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of Kwakhyangjeonggisan (KJS) on the anti-allergic action. In the present study, we examined the effect of KJS on type I and type IV allergic reaction. KJS inhibited the systemic anaphylaxis induced by compound 48/80 and platelet activating factor (PAF), and inhibited the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) induced by anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP)-IgE and DNP-human serum albumin (HSA) in vivo. In addition, KJS dose-dependently inhibited the release of histamine from peritoneal mast cells in rat. Also, KJS inhibited the delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) induced by SRBC and the contact dermatitis induced by dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB). KJS inhibited the proliferation of splenocytes, the subpopulation of B220+ cells and CD4+CD8-(Th) cells in splenocytes and the production of γ-interferon in serum and splenocytes. These findings suggest that KJS prevented the type I allergy by the inhibition of histamine release from mast cells and the type IV allergy by the inhibition of γ-interferon production and B lymphocytes subpopulation. These results indicate that KJS may be useful for the prevention and treatment of type I and type IV allergy related disease.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.62 no.1
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• pp.75-84
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• 2024

Ancylostoma ceylanicum is a zoonotic soil-derived nematode that parasitizes the intestines of humans and animals (dogs and cats), leading to malnutrition and iron-deficiency anemia. Helminth parasites secrete calreticulin (CRT), which regulates or blocks the host's immune response. However, no data on A. ceylanicum calreticulin (Ace-CRT) are available. We investigated the biological function of recombinant Ace-CRT (rAce-CRT). rAce-CRT showed reliable antigenicity and stimulated the proliferation of mouse splenocytes and canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Quantitative reverse-transcription PCR assays revealed that rAce-CRT primarily promoted the expression of T helper 2 cytokines, particularly IL-13, in canine peripheral blood lymphocytes. rAce-CRT inhibited complement-mediated sheep erythrocyte hemolysis in vitro. Our findings indicate that Ace-CRT plays an immunomodulatory role and may be a promising candidate molecule for a hookworm vaccine.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.277-285
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• 2005

Israeli carps were intraperitoneally injected with an aqueous extract of red ginseng (RG) at five different concentrations (0, 1, 10, 25 and 50 mg/kg of body weight). The fish were sacrificed after 3 days and measured the neutrophil activity and plasma components. The activity of lysozyme, Ht, TIC and NBT reduction were significantly enhanced in the concentrations of more than 10 mg/kg. Further attempts were made to measure the effects of RG on leucocyte function at five different concentrations (1-100 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$), in vitro. The proliferation of lymphocytes co-incubated with phytohaemagglutin (PHA) and concanavalin A (Con A) was significantly increased at 10 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$ concentration, but suppressed at the highest concentration (100 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$). RG alone or with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) had no effect on proliferation at any concentrations tested. Migration and reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) production of leucocytes were enhanced in all concentration higher than 10 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$. These results suggest that the RG activates the leucocyte function and may be able to be used as a stimulant of fish innate defences.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.43.1-43.11
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• 2020

Capicua (CIC) is a transcriptional repressor that regulates several developmental processes. CIC deficiency results in lymphoproliferative autoimmunity accompanied by expansion of CD44^hiCD62L^lo effector/memory and follicular Th cell populations. Deletion of Cic alleles in hematopoietic stem cells (Vav1-Cre-mediated knockout of Cic) causes more severe autoimmunity than that caused by the knockout of Cic in CD4⁺CD8⁺ double positive thymocytes (Cd4-Cre-mediated knockout of Cic). In this study, we compared splenic CD4⁺ T cell activation and proliferation between whole immune cell-specific Cic-null (Cic^f/f;Vav1-Cre) and T cell-specific Cic-null (Cic^f/f;Cd4-Cre) mice. Hyperactivation and hyperproliferation of CD4⁺ T cells were more apparent in Cic^f/f;Vav1-Cre mice than in Cic^f/f;Cd4-Cre mice. Cic^f/f;Vav1-Cre CD4⁺ T cells more rapidly proliferated and secreted larger amounts of IL-2 upon TCR stimulation than did Cic^f/f;Cd4-Cre CD4⁺ T cells, while the TCR stimulation-induced activation of the TCR signaling cascade and calcium flux were comparable between them. Mixed wild-type and Cic^f/f;Vav1-Cre bone marrow chimeras also exhibited more apparent hyperactivation and hyperproliferation of Cic-deficient CD4⁺ T cells than did mixed wild-type and Cic^f/f;Cd4-Cre bone marrow chimeras. Taken together, our data demonstrate that CIC deficiency at the beginning of T cell development endows peripheral CD4⁺ T cells with enhanced T cell activation and proliferative capability.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.415-422
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• 2010

Red ginseng(RG, steamed and dried root of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer, family Araliaceae) and fermented red ginseng(FRG, fermented red ginseng by yeast and lactic acid bacteria) are known to show different pharmacological effects by changed composition of saponins through fermentation. We examined the effects of RG and FRG on $\beta$-hexosaminidase secretion, ICAM-1 expression, the mitogen-induced proliferation of lymphocyte from mice in ex vivo systems and HaCaT cell(keratinocyte) proliferation to compare the anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory effects between both groups. RG groups showed inhibition of $\beta$-hexosaminidase secretion and ICAM-1 expression at $1{\mu}g/ml$, $10{\mu}g/ml$ and the same effects were observed at all concentrations in FRG groups. In our study, RG increased LPS-induced B cell proliferation at $1{\mu}g/ml$ and ConA-induced B cell proliferation at $100\;{\mu}g/ml$ but FRG decreased LPS- and ConA-induced lymphocytes at $100\;{\mu}g/ml$. We showed that FRG increased the proliferation of HaCaT at 1, $10{\mu}g/ml$ but not by RG. These findings suggest that RG and FRG might have anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects, which can be needed to proper clinical concentration to applied to various allergic diseases and inflammation.

• THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN ORIENTAL ONCOLOGY
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.71-87
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• 1998

Even though appropriate immune response is necessary for the survival of the individual, excessive or insufficient immune Response might cause autoimmune or allergic disease. So the immune response must be controlled to the degree that is beneficial for the well being of the individual. This study was undertaken to know the effects of Gunleetang Gagambang on the immune system of the mouse. Gunleetang Gagambang has been used for cure of tumor as a traditional medicine without any experimental evidence to support the rational basis for its clinical use. This study was carried out to evaluate the possible therapeutic or antitumoral effects of Gunleetang Gagambang extract against tumor, and to carry out some mechanisms responsible for its effect. Some kinds of tumor were induced by the typical application of 3-methylcholanthrene(MCA) or by the implantation(s.c) of malignant tumor cells such as leukemia cells(3LL cells) or sarcoma cells(S180 cells). Treatment of the Gunleetang Gagambang on water-extract(dailly 1mg/mouse, i. p.) was continued for 7 days prior to tumor induction and after that the treatment was lasted for 20 days. Against squamous cell carcinoma induced by MCA, Gunleetang Gagambang decreased not only the frequency of tumor production but also the number and the weight of tumors per tumor bearing mice(TBM). Gunleetang Gagambang on also significantly suppressed the development of 3LL cell and S180 cell-implanted tumors in occurrence-frequency and their size. and some developed tumors were regressed by the continuous treatment of Gunleetang Gagambang extract into TBM. In vitro, treatment of Gunleetang Gagambang extract had no effect on the growth of some kinds of cell line such as FsaII, A431 strain but significantly inhibited the proliferation of 3LL, S180 cells and augmented the DNA synthesis of mitogen-activated lymphocytes. Gunleetang Gagambang also stimulated the migrative ability of leukocyte, the MIF and IL-2 production of T lymphocytes, but not IL 6 production of B cells. Gunleetang Gagambang administration to mice enhanced NK cells activities. These results demonstrated that Gunleetang Gagambang extract exhibited a significant prophylactic benefits against tumors and its antitumor activity was manifested depending on the type of tumor cells. And these results also suggested that effect of Gunleetang Gagambang might be chiefly due to nonspecitie enhancement of NK cell activities and cell-mediated immune responses.