• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.1-16
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• 2012

Objectives : We aimed to analyze the meanings of the energy and fluid metabolism in the Discourse on Viscera and Bowels of Donguisusebowon, and to find the clues for the explanation of the pathology and symptomatology of Taeeumin. Methods : The Discourse on Viscera and Bowels of Donguisusebowon was reviewed and examined for relevant information on the energy and fluid metabolism from the structural and the functional point of view respectively. And, based on the derived meanings of the energy and fluid metabolism, the pathology and symptomatology of Taeeumin were analyzed. Results and Conclusions : 1. The meanings of the energy and fluid metabolism can be explained by the different attributes of the energy and fluid produced from the esophagus and the small intestine, and the different function of exhaling-dispersing and inhaling-concentrating in the different tract of circulation such as Lung affiliation (esophagus, skin, ear and lung) and Liver affiliation (small intestine, flesh, nose and liver). 2. The Exterior disease of Taeeumin starts with the weakness of exhaling-dispersing function at the skin, and leads to the dysfunction of the esophagus and the lung sequently. The dysfunction of the lung aggravates that of the skin and the esophagus. 3. The Interior disease of Taeeumin begins with excess of the inhaling-concentrating functions at the flesh and the small intestine, and leads to the dysfunction of the lung, which induces the dysfunction of exhaling-concentration at the skin and esophagus. And, this disparities between exhaling-dispersing and inhaling-concentrating functions exasperate the problem at the flesh and the small intestine.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.14
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• pp.5899-5902
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• 2015

Background: To compare the current histologic distribution of lung cancer in Lebanon to the worldwide trends, according to the 2004 WHO Classification. Materials and Methods: 1,760 patients with a pulmonary pathology examination at Hotel-Dieu de France University Hospital between July 2009 and July 2014 were included. Results: Some 676 out of the total investigated patients (38.4%) had a lung tumor. In 665 (98.4%) the tumors were malignant, with a mean age at diagnosis of 63.8 years and a male/female (M/F) sex ratio of 1.7:1. Among the malignant tumors, 86.2% were epithelial tumors with a mean age at diagnosis of 64.8 years and an M/F sex ratio of 1.9. Other malignant tumors consisted of metastatic tumors (10.2%), lymphoproliferative tumors (2.1%) and mesenchymal tumors (1.5%). Most common carcinoma subtypes were adenocarcinoma (48.0%), squamous cell carcinoma (23.0%) and small cell carcinoma (13.3%). Carcinoid tumors were the only carcinoma subtype with an M/F sex ratio below 1 (0.7). Salivary gland tumors were the carcinoma with lowest mean age at diagnosis (45.5 years). Conclusions: The histologic distribution of lung tumors in Lebanon is similar to that in developed countries. We believe this resemblance is due to common smoking habits, known to be responsible for the increase of lung adenocarcinoma at the expense of other subtypes.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.581-589
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• 2006

These studies were investigated the effects of Gamicheungpyehwadam-tang (CPHDT) on immune-cell regulation in association with bronchial asthma in OVA-induced mouse model. The administration of 400 mg/kg CPHDT significantly reduced the number of total cells in lung, peripheral lymph node and spleen in OVA-induced bronchial asthma mouse model. The administration of 400 mg/kg CPHDT significantly reduced $CD3^+,{\;}CD19^+$and $CD3^+,{\;}CD69^+$ cell numbers separated from lung, peripheral lymph node and spleen in OVA-induced bronchial asthma mouse model. CPHDT significantly reduced $CD3^+/CCR3^+,{\;}CD4^+,{\;}B220^+/IgE^+$, and $CD3^+/DX5^+$ cell numbers separated from lung, peripheral lymph node and spleen in OVA-induced bronchial asthma mouse model in a dose dependent manner, However, CPHDT significantly reduced $CD8^+$ cell numbers from only lung and spleen. The administration of CPHDT significantly reduced $NK^+$ cell numbers separated from lung of OVA-induced bronchial asthma mouse model in all concentrations, but 200 mg/kg CPHDT reduced $NK^+$ cell numbers separated from peripheral lymph node. These results suggest that CPHDT has anti-asthma and anti-allergy effects. In addition to, CPHDT may be useful treatment of asthma based on the further studies about the individual efficacy search of the components of CPHDT and the adding of variety drugs to CPHDT.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.7295-7300
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• 2013

Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death in the world. The main types are small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) and non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), the latter including squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma. NSCLCs account for about 80% of all lung cancer cases. Microcephalin (MCPH1), also called BRIT1 (BRCT-repeat inhibitor of hTERT expression), plays an important role in the maintenance of genomic stability. Recently, several studies have provided evidence that the expression of MCPH1 gene is decreased in several different types of human cancers. We evaluated the expression of protein MCPH1 in 188 lung cancer and 20 normal lung tissues by immunohistochemistry. Positive MCPH1 staining was found in all normal lung samples and only some cancerous tissues. MCPH1-positive cells were significantly lower in lung carcinoma compared with normal tissues. Furthermore, we firstly found that MCPH1 expression in lung adenocarcinoma is higher than its expression in squamous cell carcinoma. Change in MCPH1 protein expression may be associated with lung tumorigenesis and may be a useful biomarker for identification of pathological types of lung cancer.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.83-86
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• 1997

Signet ring cell carcinoma is a variant of adenocarcinoma and has been rarely reported in the lung as a primary site. Recently, we experienced two cases of primary signet ring cell carcinoma in the lung without any other extrapulmonary lesion. Sputum cytology was performed and the tumor cells which have eccentrically located nuclei and abundnat mucinous cytoplasm were dispersed in diffuse sheets. On resected specimen, the signet ring cells occupied about $50{\sim}80%$ of all tumor cell nests. Histochemical staining revealed that the mucin produced by tumor cells was mostly carboxylated acid mucins. Ultrastructurally, the tumor cells contained variable sized membrane-bound mucin granules with weak central osmilophilic density and showed numerous surface microvilli, which represented that tumor cells arose from bronchial epithelial cells. In general, this tumor has diffusely infiltrative nature and the prognosis is fatal due to widespread metastasis before clinical discovery.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.187-191
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• 1998

Alveolar soft part sarcoma(ASPS) is a rare malignant neoplasm with a distinct clinicopathologic entity of which fine needle aspiration(FNA) cytologic findings have been described in only a few reports. Although patients usually present with an isolated soft-tissue mass in the extremity, metastasis can occur in about 13 % of total cases and the most frequent metastatic site is the lung. We have recently experienced a FNA cytologic case of ASPS in the lung. A 23-year-old female patient was admitted to this hospital due to 2-month-history of cough She had been good in health before the visit. Chest computed tomography revealed multiple, variable sized, bilateral pulmonary nodules. Physical examination and other staging work up revealed no other lesions except for pulmonary nodules. A percutaneous transthoracic FNA was performed from the pulmonary nodules. The smear was cellular and most cells were arranged singly. In addition, a few clusters lined by thin-walled vasculature with a pseudoalveolar pattern were present. Some of the tumor cells were large and polygonal lo oval with abundant granular or vacuolated cytoplasm. Most cells were naked nuclei showing finely granular chromatin pattern with prominent central nucleoli.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.193-199
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• 1998

Sclerosing hemangioma is a rare, benign neoplasm of the lung, usually presented as a solitary pulmonary nodule in an otherwise asymptomatic middle-aged woman. Cytologically it shows papillary, sheet, and cyst-like arrangements representing three main histologic patterns of papillary, solid, and angiomatous ones, respectively. Herein, we report the fine needle aspiration cytology of 5 cases of sclerosing hemangioma of the lung. The most characteristic finding is cyst-like spaces Intimately related to the papillary or solid cell nests. The tumor cells are relatively monotonous round to oval, small to medium in size. They have small amount of eosinophilic cytoplasm. The nuclei are uniform, round and have small but conspicuous nucleoli. The tumor cells in one of the presenting cases are large with abundant cytoplasm and show moderate nuclear pleomorphism. The nuclear chromatin, however, is fine and even without exception, even in the case showing nuclear pleomorphism. Major differential diagnoses based on the cytologic findings are well-differentiated papillary adenocarcinoma, bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, and carcinoid tumor.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.980-982
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• 2012

Metastasis to the pancreas from extra-pancreatic primary cancers are rare; they commonly present as a manifestation of widespread disease and rarely as an isolated mass of the pancreas. Examinations showed a pancreatic tumor infiltrating the pancreas tail portion and an endoscopic ultrasound guided percutaneous biopsy proved that the lesion was metastatic from the lung carcinoma. Most metastatic cases of the pancreas tend to be discovered in patients with widely disseminated malignant disease. In addition, patients with pancreatic metastasis are often asymptomatic, the metastatic lesions are found incidentally, and are misdiagnosed as primary pancreatic tumors. This report that patient undergoing chemotherapy for a small cell lung cancer, who 1 year and 3 months later, accidentally diagnosed of solitary pancreas metastasis and confirmed histology by needle biopsy using endoscopic ultrasound.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.157-164
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• 2018

This study was designed to investigate the mechanism of the synergistic anticancer effect of Astragalus membranaceus (AM) and Adenophora triphylla var. japonica (AT) in H1299 human lung carcinoma cells. A combined treatment of ethanol extract of AM (EAM) and AT (EAT) explosively increased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in H1299 cells compared to the single treatment of each of them. Co-treatment of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) with EAM and EAT markedly enhanced the cell viability and suppressed apoptosis in H1299 cells, suggesting that ROS generation contributed to the anticancer effect of EAM and EAT. Interestingly, the combined treatment of EAM and EAT down-regulated p-AKT in H1299 cells, which was abrogated by NAC treatment. These results clearly indicated that ROS generation mediated the inactivation of AKT. Co-treatment of LY294002 with EAM and EAT significantly reduced the cell viability at a concentration which EAM and EAT didn't show any cytotoxicity. In addition, the recovery of cell viability by co-treatment of NAC with EAM and EAT was quite reversed by LY294002 treatment, which confirmed that the inactivation of AKT played a pivotal role in ROS-mediated apoptosis. Taken together, our results demonstrated that the synergistic anticancer effect of EAM and EAT was mediated by ROS generation and inactivation of AKT. We provide a valuable preclinical data for the development of more effective combination of AM and AT to treat lung cancer.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.159-161
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• 2000

The authors present a case of histologically proven bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) lymphoma of the lung in a patient with primary Sjögren's syndrome that manifested on thin-section CT scan as a mosaic pattern of inhomogeneous attenuation due to mixed small airway and infiltrative abnormalities