• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.419-424
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• 2015

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of lumbar stabilization exercise on the abdominal muscle-back muscle ratio in white-collar workers. Methods: Forty white-collar workers without any pain who worked at an information technology (IT) company located in the Gyeonggi province were included in this study. Of these, 20 subjects were randomly allocated to the lumbar stabilization exercise group, whereas the remaining 20 were randomly allocated to the control group. The lumbar stabilization exercise group performed a 40-minute-long exercise once a week for 8 weeks. The strength of the abdominal and back muscles was measured using the CENTAUR 3-D Spatial Rotation Device (BFMC, Germany). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 18.0 for Windows. The Paired t-test was performed to compare the values measured before and after exercise within each group. The independent sample t-test was performed to analyze the differences between the 2 groups. The statistical significance for all the analyses was set at .05. Results: The strength of the abdominal muscles after the exercise significantly differed between the lumbar stabilization exercise group and the control group (p<0.05). However, the increase in the abdominal muscle-back muscle ratio was significant in only the lumbar stabilization exercise group (p<0.05), but not in the control group (p>0.05). Conclusion: The improvement of the abdominal muscle-back muscle ratio through lumbar stabilization exercise may have positive effects on lumbar stabilization. Moreover, lumbar stabilization exercise is considered beneficial for the prevention of back pain and musculoskeletal diseases.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1393-1397
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of combined respiratory physical therapy on respiratory function, spinal curve and spinal mobility for community-dwelling elderlies with restrictive lung diseases. In total, 10 patients participated in an 8-week intervention program of thoracic cage mobilization and breathing exercise in combination. The results of the study are as follows: for respiratory function, the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced vital capacity(FVC), and FEV1/FVC were significantly improved to $.30{\pm}0.31{\ell}$, $.46{\pm}.42{\ell}$, and $18.10{\pm}11.39%$, respectively (p<.05). For spinal curve, the thoracic curve and the lumbar curve were improved significantly to $-2.20{\pm}1.40^{\circ}$ and $-1.20{\pm}1.14^{\circ}$, respectively (p<.01). For spinal mobility, the thoracic flexion ($3.40{\pm}2.99^{\circ}$), thoracic extension ($3.50{\pm}1.43^{\circ}$), lumbar flexion ($4.50{\pm}4.74^{\circ}$), and lumbar extension($-1.50{\pm}1.84^{\circ}$) were all significantly improved (p<.05). These findings indicate that thoracic cage mobilization and breathing exercise in combination improve the respiratory function, spinal alignment, and spinal mobility in elderly people with restrictive lung diseases.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.1006-1010
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• 2016

This study aimed to examine the effects of thoracic cage mobilization on the respiratory function, spinal curve and spinal movement in patients with restrictive lung diseases. The subjects were ten community-dwelling elderly with a restrictive lung diseases when measured using a spirometer($FEV1/FVC{\leq}65%$, FVC<80%). They received an intervention over an eight-week period: three times a week and for 30 minutes a day. SPSS for Windows(ver. 19.0) was used to analyze all the collected data. Independent t-tests were used to examine changes before and after the intervention. The study's results showed statistically significant improvement(p<.05) in forced expiratory volume in 1 second(chage rate: .$24{\pm}.25$), thoracic curve(chage rate: $-2.50{\pm}2.76$), lumbar curve(chage rate: $-.80{\pm}1.32$), thoracic flexion(chage rate: $2.10{\pm}1.52$), thoracic extension(chage rate: $-2.00{\pm}1.25$), lumbar flexion(chage rate: $2.40{\pm}3.13$) and lumbar extension(chage rate: $-1.30{\pm}1.42$). The results of this study suggest that the thoracic cage mobilization contribute to improve pulmonary function in patients with restrictive lung disease.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.211-214
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• 2005

Objective : Post-traumatic hydrocephalus is a complication of head injury and can present with several different clinical symptoms. However, the developing factors of post-traumatic hydrocephalus and treatment are still not well known. The authors design the study to focus on incidence, causing diseases and treatment of post-traumatic hydrocephalus. Methods : The 789patients of traumatic head injury followed by admission treatment over 7days from Jan. 1997 to Dec. 2001, were divided shunt group and shunt free group. We analyzed age, sex, causing diseases, developing time of hydrocephalus and effects of shunt operation in post-traumatic hydrocephalus. Results : The incidence of post-traumatic hydrocephalus for requiring shunt was 9.2% [64cases]. Chronic hydrocephalus which developed after 14days of injury was higher incidence [51cases]. We found following variables were significantly related to shunt-dependent hydrocephalus : low GCS score at admission, initial CT finding of traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage and intracerebral hemorrhage [including intraventricular hemorrhage]. The effect of shunt operation was not related with the spinal pressure, but had statistically significant correlation with the response of lumbar drainage. Conclusion : We conclude that development of hydrocephalus after head trauma is related to low GCS score, intracerebral hemorrhage [including intraventricular hemorrhage] and subarachnoid hemorrhage. The effect of preoperative lumbar drainage has a significant role in predicting the result of shunt operation in patient with post-traumatic hydrocephalus.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.279-286
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 충청지역 치과종사자의 근골격계 질환 자각증상과 사회심리적 특성과의 관련성을 분석하기 위하여 2009년 3월 9일부터 3월 28일까지 충청도에 소재한 치과종사자 206명을 대상으로 자기기입식 설문법을 실시하였으며, SPSS WIN 12.0 프로그램을 이용하여 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 측정부위별 근골격계 질환 자각증상 정도는 신체부위 모두에서 상의 비율이 가장 높았다. 2. 성별에 따라 여자가 남자보다 근골격계 질환 관심도가 높았으며(p=.000), 연령별로는 26-30세 이하가 관심도가 가장 높아 통계적으로 유의하였다(p=.000). 3. 업무만족은 요부군과 하지군에서 양(+)의 상관관계를 나타냈고, 업무스트레스에 있어서는 요부군과 하지군에서 약한 음(-)의 상관관계를 보였다. 동료만족에서는 상지군과 하지군에서 양(+)의 상관관계를 나타냈고, 병원만족은 상지군과 요부군, 하지군에서 양의 상관관계를 나타냈다. 근무환경과 만족에서는 목군과 어깨군, 상지군, 하지군과 양(+)의 상관관계를 보였다. 본 연구에서 각 신체부위에서 사회심리적 특성과 근골격계 자각증상이 유의한 관련성이 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 근골격계 질환 예방 및 관리 프로그램을 개발할 때는 사회심리적 특성을 고려해야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.599-603
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• 2000

Objectives : In lumbar spine surgery it is observed that the ligamentum flavum(LF) is bilayered, and the inner layers can be left in situ to prevent peridural adhesion in open lumbar disc surgeries. The purposes of this study are to investigate ultrastructural differences between the inner and outer layer of lumbar LF by electron microscopic examination, and to see whether these differences are, if present, more prominent in chronic degenerative lumbar spinal disorders as compared with acute lumbar disc diseases. Methods : Biopsy specimens of LF were obtained from nine patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery, five of them for degenerative spinal stenosis and four for acute disc herniation. During the surgery the outer layers of LF were carefully dissected from the inner layer, and four pieces($1{\times}1{\times}1-mm$) of biopsy samples were made from each layer. These were examined with electron microscope for the morphologies and the contents of the elastic and the collagen fibers. Results : The outer layer of LF showed elastic fiber degeneration as evidenced and decreased fiber content, while the inner layer was relatively preserved in both cases of degenerative spinal stenosis and acute disc herniation. The ultrastructural changes of the layers were more evident in the outer layer. Conclusion : With these observations the authors believe that the LF degeneration may occur mainly in the outer layer, and that this fact may aid in making the rationale for using the inner layer as physiologic barrier to prevent peridural adhesion in open lumbar disc surgeries.

• 대한정형외과학회지
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.203-210
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• 2019

최소 침습적 외측 요추체간 유합술의 최신 지견에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 아직 도입된 지 얼마 되지 않았으나 근래에 각광받고 있는 최소 침습적 외측 요추체간 유합술에 대한 적응증 및 임상 결과와 유합률, 그리고 합병증에 대하여 문헌 고찰을 하였다. 외측 요추간 유합술의 적응증은 퇴행성 요추부 질환에서 고식적인 전방, 후방 추체간 유합술의 적응증과 거의 유사하다. 특히 척추관 협착증 및 퇴행성 척추 전방 전위증, 퇴행성 척추 변형, 퇴행성 추간판 질환, 인접 분절 퇴행성 질환에서 최소 침습적 수술로서 효과적이다. 또한 고식적 요추부 유합술과 비교하여 임상적 결과 및 유합률이 대등한 것으로 보고되고 있다. 하지만 수술 접근 및 과정에서 발생하는 수술 후 고관절 굴곡근 약화 및 신경 손상, 혈관 손상, 장기 손상, 케이지 침강, 위탈장 등의 비특이적 합병증들이 보고되고 있다. 외측 추체간 유합술은 고식적인 전방 또는 후방 추체간 유합술의 장점을 취합하고 단점을 보완한 수술이며 그 임상 결과나 유합률에도 큰 차이가 없어 퇴행성 요추부 질환의 치료에 최소 침습 수술로서 유용한 치료법이다. 하지만 수술 과정에서 발생하는 비특이적 합병증들을 개선해야 하는 것이 향후 과제이다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.354-361
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• 2023

Most of spinal diseases are diagnosed based on the subjective judgment of a specialist, so numerous studies have been conducted to find objectivity by automating the diagnosis process using deep learning. In this paper, we propose a method that combines segmentation and feature extraction, which are frequently used techniques for diagnosing spinal diseases. Four models, U-Net, U-Net++, DeepLabv3+, and M-Net were trained and compared using 1000 X-ray images, and key-points were derived using Douglas-Peucker algorithms. For evaluation, Dice Similarity Coefficient(DSC), Intersection over Union(IoU), precision, recall, and area under precision-recall curve evaluation metrics were used and U-Net++ showed the best performance in all metrics with an average DSC of 0.9724. For the average Euclidean distance between estimated key-points and ground truth, U-Net was the best, followed by U-Net++. However the difference in average distance was about 0.1 pixels, which is not significant. The results suggest that it is possible to extract key-points based on segmentation and that it can be used to accurately diagnose various spinal diseases, including spondylolisthesis, with consistent criteria.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.246-251
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• 2007

Osteoporosis is a common metabolic bone disease characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) with an increased risk of fracture. Low bone mass results from an imbalance between bone formation by osteoblasts and bone resorption by osteoclasts. Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) plays a critical role in osteoclast development and thus is an important candidate gene affecting bone turnover and BMD. In order to investigate the genetic effects of MITF variations on osteoporosis, we directly sequenced the MITF gene in 24 Koreans, and identified fifteen sequence variants. Two polymorphisms (+227719C > T and +228953A > G) were selected based on their allele frequencies, and then genotyped in a larger number of postmenopausal women (n = 560). Areal BMD ($g/cm^2$) of the anterior-posterior lumbar spine and the non-dominant proximal femur was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. We found that the MITF + 227719C > T polymorphism was significantly associated with low BMD of the trochanter (p = 0.005-0.006) and total femur (p = 0.02-0.03) (codominant and dominant models), while there was no association with BMD of the lumbar spine. The MITF+228953A > G polymorphism was also associated with low BMD of the femoral shaft (p = 0.05) in the recessive model. Haplotype analysis showed that haplotype 3 of the MITF gene (MITF-ht3) was associated with low BMD of the trochanter (p = 0.03-0.05) and total femur (p = 0.05) (dominant and codominant models). Our results suggest that MITF variants may play a role in the decreased BMD of the proximal femur in postmenopausal women.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.234-236
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• 2011

Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a common spinal disease in the elderly. The cardinal symptom of LSS is neurogenic claudication, but not all patients present with such typical symptom. The clinical symptoms are often confused with symptoms of peripheral neuropathy, musculo-skeletal disease and other medical conditions in elderly patients. In particular, LSS presenting with rapid progression of leg weakness must be distinguished from other combined diseases. We report a case of rapid progressive leg weakness in a patient with LSS and iatrogenic adrenal insufficiency that was induced by obscure health supplement.