• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.145-154
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• 2019

이 연구는 대학의 평생교육원 프로그램을 수강하는 학습자들을 대상으로 운영, 학습동기, 만족도를 중심으로 알아보고자 한 것이다. 연구방법은 인터뷰로 이루어졌다. 그 결과를 보면 다음과 같다. 먼저 운영 측면에서는; 첫째, 대학평생교육원 직원들의 친절에 대한 인식이 개학 초기에 더 강화되어야 할 필요가 있다. 둘째, 대학평생교육원 운영에 있어서 수강생들에게 주차료와 같은 지원이 확대되어야 한다. 셋째, 평생교육원 휴게시설도 보완되어야 한다. 참여 동기 측면에서는; 첫째, 보완적 학습을 하고자 하는 학습자들이 가장 많다는 것을 알 수 있다. 이들은 대부분 자신의 인생을 되돌아보고 앞으로 나아갈 방향에 대한 나름대로 준비를 하는 사람들이다. 둘째, 인간의 수명이 길어지면서 삶을 위한 경제적 준비 또한 지속적으로 필요로 하게 되었다. 그리하여 모든 학습은 경제적 수입을 위한 준비과정으로 인식하는 경향이 있다는 점이다. 셋째, 평생교육에 참여하는 사람들은 대부분의 성인들은 건강에 대한 관심이 매우 높다는 것이다. 따라서 건강관련 프로그램을 확대하여 참여 동기를 높일 필요도 있다. 만족도 측면에서는; 첫째, 개인의 목적에 따라 다르게 나타난다. 취미나 관계형성이 목적인 사람은 만족도가 높고, 경제활동이 목적인 사람은 만족도가 낮게 나타났다. 둘째, 강사의 수업과정에 대한 고려도 필요하다. 즉, 평생학습자들은 성인들이므로 작은 불만은 드러내지 않는 경향이 많다. 따라서 강사들에게 수업진행을 위한 사전교육이 요구된다고 하겠다. 다음으로 평생교육원의 운영의 개선방향 측면에 주는 시사점을 보면; 첫째, 타 대학과 중복되는 프로그램을 과감하게 줄이고, 새로운 프로그램 개발을 위한 연구를 해야 한다. 이를 위해서는 수요자 요구 조사 등을 지속적으로 할 필요가 있다. 둘째, 학습자들의 이동거리를 감안하여 적절한 프로그램 운영 장소를 적극 발굴해야 한다. 기존의 대학시설 중심으로 프로그램을 운영하여야 한다는 인식에서 벗어나야 한다. 셋째, 대학의 평생교육은 대학생들을 포함하는 교육으로 나아가야 한다.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.27-36
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• 1975

The success of the family planning program in Korea is reflected in the decrease in the growth rate from 3.0% in 1962 to 2.0% in 1971, and in the decrease in the fertility rate from 43/1,000 in 1960 to 29/1,000 in 1970. However, it would be erroneous to attribute these reductions entirely to the family planning program. Other socio-economic factors, such as the increasing age at marriage and the increasing use of induced abortions, definitely had an impact on the lowered growth and fertility rate. Despite the relative success of the program to data in meeting its goals, there is no room for complacency. Meeting the goal of a further reduction in the population growth rate to 1.3% by 1981 is a much more difficult task than any one faced in the past. Not only must fertility be lowered further, but the size of the target population itself will expand tremendously in the late seventies; due to the post-war baby boom of the 1950's reaching reproductive ages. Furthermore, it is doubtful that the age at marriage will continue to rise as in the past or that the incidence of induced abortion will continue to increase. Consequently, future reductions in fertility will be more dependent on the performance of the national family planning program, with less assistance from these non-program factors. This paper will describe various approaches to help to the solution of these current problems. 1. PRACTICE RATE IN FAMILY PLANNING In 1973, the attitude (approval) and knowledge rates were quite high; 94% and 98% respectively. But a large gap exists between that and the actual practice rate, which is only 3695. Two factors must be considered in attempting to close the KAP-gap. The first is to change social norms, which still favor a larger family, increasing the practice rate cannot be done very quickly. The second point to consider is that the family planning program has not yet reached all the eligible women. A 1973 study determineded that a large portion, 3096 in fact, of all eligible women do not want more children, but are not practicing family planning. Thus, future efforts to help close the KAP-gap must focus attention and services on this important large group of potential acceptors. 2. CONTINUATION RATES Dissatisfaction with the loop and pill has resulted in high discontinuation rates. For example, a 1973 survey revealed that within the first six months initial loop acceptance. nearly 50% were dropouts, and that within the first four months of inital pill acceptance. nearly 50% were dropouts. These discontinuation rates have risen over the past few years. The high rate of discontinuance obviously decreases the contraceptive effectiveness. and has resulted in many unwanted births which is directly related to the increase of induced abortions. In the future, the family planning program must emphasize the improved quality of initial and follow-up services. rather than more quantity, in order to insure higher continuation rates and thus more effective contraceptive protection. 3. INDUCED ABORTION As noted earlier. the use of induced abortions has been increase yearly. For example, in 1960, the average number of abortions was 0.6 abortions per women in the 15-44 age range. By 1970. that had increased to 2 abortions per women. In 1966. 13% of all women between 15-44 had experienced at least one abortion. By 1971, that figure jumped to 28%. In 1973 alone, the total number of abortions was 400,000. Besides the ever incre.sing number of induced abortions, another change has that those who use abortions have shifted since 1965 to include- not. only the middle class, but also rural and low-income women. In the future. in response to the demand for abortion services among rural and low-income w~men, the government must provide and support abortion services for these women as a part of the national family planning program. 4. TARGET SYSTIi:M Since 1962, the nationwide target system has been used to set a target for each method, and the target number of acceptors is then apportioned out to various sub-areas according to the number of eligible couples in each area. Because these targets are set without consideration for demographic factors, particular tastes, prejudices, and previous patterns of acceptance in the area, a high discontinuation rate for all methods and a high wastage rate for the oral pill and condom results. In the future. to alleviate these problems of the methodbased target system. an alternative. such as the weighted-credit system, should be adopted on a nation wide basis. In this system. each contraceptive method is. assigned a specific number of points based upon the couple-years of protection (CYP) provided by the method. and no specific targets for each method are given. 5. INCREASE OF STERILIZA.TION TARGET Two special projects. the hospital-based family planning program and the armed forces program, has greatly contributed to the increasing acceptance in female and male sterilization respectively. From January-September 1974, 28,773 sterilizations were performed. During the same time in 1975, 46,894 were performed; a 63% increase. If this trend continues, by the end of 1975. approximately 70,000 sterilizations will have been performed. Sterilization is a much better method than both the loop and pill, in terms of more effective contraceptive protection and the almost zero dropout rate. In the future, the. family planning program should continue to stress the special programs which make more sterilizations possible. In particular, it should seek to add the laparoscope techniques to facilitate female sterilization acceptance rates. 6. INCREASE NUMBER OF PRIVATE ACCEPTORS Among the current family planning users, approximately 1/3 are in the private sector and thus do not- require government subsidy. The number of private acceptors increases with increasing urbanization and economic growth. To speed this process, the government initiated the special hospital based family planning program which is utilized mostly by the private sector. However, in the future, to further hasten the increase of private acceptors, the government should encourage doctors in private practice to provide family planning services, and provide the contraceptive supplies. This way, those do utilize the private medical system will also be able to receive family planning services and pay for it. Another means of increasing the number of private acceptors, IS to greatly expand the commercial outlets for pills and condoms beyond the existing service points of drugstores, hospitals, and health centers. 7. IE&C PROGRAM The current preferred family size is nearly twice as high as needed to achieve a stable poplation. Also, a strong boy preference hinders a small family size as nearly all couples fuel they must have at least one or more sons. The IE&C program must, in the future, strive to emphasize the values of the small family and equality of the sexes. A second problem for the IE&C program to work. with in the: future is the large group of people who approves family planning, want no more children, but do not practice. The IE&C program must work to motivate these people to accept family planning And finally, for those who already practice, an IE&C program in the future must stress continuation of use. The IE&C campaign, to insure highest effectiveness, should be based on a detailed factor analysis of contraceptive discontinuance. In conclusion, Korea faces a serious unfavorable sociodemographic situation- in the future unless the population growth rate can be curtailed. And in the future, the decrease in fertility will depend solely on the family planning program, as the effect of other socio-economic factors has already been maximumally felt. A second serious factor to consider is the increasing number of eligible women due to the 1950's baby boom. Thus, to meet these challenges, the program target must be increased and the program must improve the effectiveness of its current activities and develop new programs.