• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.264-273
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• 2023

Physicochemical properties and storage stability of plant-based alternative meat prepared with low-fat soybean powder (LPAM) treated by supercritical-CO₂ and those of full-fat soybean powder (FPAM) were compared. Ash and crude protein contents were higher in LPAM than in FRAM. Water absorption capacity and oil absorption capacity were significantly higher in LPAM than in FPAM. Water binding capacity was higher in LPAM than in FPAM during a 20 days storage period at 5℃ and pH was significantly lower in LPAM than in FPAM after a 5~10 days storage period. Hardness, gumminess and chewiness significantly increased with the increase in the storage period, and the three were significantly higher in LPAM than in FPAM after 10 days and 20 days of storage. The acid value showed no remarkable difference according to the storage period in LPAM; however, it was significantly higher in FPAM than in LPAM after 20 days of storage. The peroxide value and TBA value were significantly increased according to the storage period, and were significantly lower iin LPAM than in FPAM during all the storage periods. Therefore, the use of low-fat soybean powder may be effective in improving oxidative stability during storage in the production of plant-based alternative meat.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.82-87
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• 2011

A study was conducted to determine the relationships between triacylglycerol (TAG) of plasma, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and fat deposition in two different breeds of chickens. The VLDL apolipoproteins of both breeds were also characterised. The breeds used were crossbred village chicken (AK) (Sasso crossed) and commercial broiler (CB) (Avian). They were housed in six pens with 30 female and 30 male birds of each breed per pen. Three male and three female birds from each pen were slaughtered and the blood was collected. The VLDL was isolated and sub-fractionated using Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography (FPLC). VLDL TAG of CB was significantly lower than AK. The particle size was negatively correlated with VLDL TAG and positively correlated with abdominal fat. Sub-fraction 2 contained more apo E that will enhance the lipolysis process of the VLDL TAG than subfraction 1. CB had a higher proportion of sub-fraction 2 than AK. The results showed that the proportion of sub-fraction 2 was negatively correlated with VLDL TAG concentration and positively correlated with abdominal fat.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.275-279
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• 2005

The objective of this study was to investigate the color development and shelf-life effect of low-fat sausages (LFS) during refrigerated storage according to the additions of sodium lactate (SL), chitosan, and lac pigment. The LFS samples had $73{\sim}76%$ moisture, $3{\sim}4%$ fat, and $13{\sim}16%$ protein with a pH range of 6.4-6.6. The addition of chitosan ($MW\;=\;30{\sim}40\;kDa$) to LFS increased most textural properties. Hunter a (redness) values were increased by the addition of 0.05% lac pigment. The microbial growth of Listeria monocytogenes increased with increasing storage time. The addition of 2% SL and 0.3% chitosan with MW higher than $30{\sim}40\;kDa$ effectively inhibited the growth of L. monocytogenes. The microbial growth of L. monocytogenes was further reduced with increasing chitosan MW. These results indicated that the combination of SL with chitosans (MW > 30 kDa, 0.3%) and lac pigment (0.05%) improved shelf-life and color development in LFS during refrigerated storage.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.799-804
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• 2008

This study was performed to determine physicochemical and sensory quality of low-fat pork loaf containing silkworm powder and vegetable worm (Paecilomyces japonica). Total 2% of fat replacer (soy protein isolate:maltodextrin:$\kappa$-carrageenan:water=1:0.5:0.5:10, w/v) was added. The loaf was separated into CTL (control), T1 (0.2% silkworm powder), T2 (0.2% vegetable worm), T3 (0.4% silkworm powder), T4 (0.4% vegetable worm), T5 (0.1% silkworm powder+0.1% vegetable worm), and T6 (0.2% silkworm powder+0.2% vegetable worm). Pork loaf of T3 showed the highest pH value and cooking loss of pork loaves containing silkworm and vegetable worm was higher than control at day 5. 2-Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances of T2 and T5 showed significantly lower values than control and those additives may reduce lipid oxidation of meat. Overall acceptability was not adversely influenced by silkworm powder and vegetable worm at day 0 and 5. These results indicated that those silkworm powder and vegetable worm could be utilized for pork product industry.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.57-66
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• 2011

목적 : 0.35 Teslas의 저자장 자기공명영상 시스템에서 인체 조직의 물 성분 또는 지방 성분의 영상을 얻는데 있어서 주자장의 불균일도를 two-point Dixon 방법을 기반으로 보정하는 새로운 방법을 모색하였다. 대상 및 방법 : Two-point Dixon 방법을 사용하여 물과 지방의 위상이 동상일 때와 역상일 때의 영상들을 얻은 후 그 영상들로부터 위상과 크기의 위상 크기 결합 밀도 함수를 계산하고, 이를 통해 물과 지방의 영역을 분리하여 3차원 볼륨의 물 영역에서의 주자장의 불균일도 패턴을 분석하고 이를 반복적으로 보정하여 주자장의 불균일도를 개선하였다. 결과 : 제안한 영상 기법으로 인체의 여러 부위에서 주자장의 불균일도를 보정한 물과 지방 영상을 얻을 수 있었다. 삼차원 보정을 통하여 멀티 슬라이스 전체 영상에서 균일하게 물 또는 지방만의 영상을 얻을 수 있었다. 결론 : 위상-크기 결합 밀도 함수를 통하여 물과 지방의 영역을 분리할 수 있었고, 이를 이용하여 자장의 불균일도를 분석하고 보정할 수 있었다. 제안한 방법을 통해 주자장의 불균일도가 월등히 개선된 물 또는 지방 영상을 얻을 수 있었다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제65권5호
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• pp.895-911
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• 2023

Processed meat products play a vital role in our daily dietary intake due to their rich protein content and the inherent convenience they offer. However, they often contain synthetic additives and ingredients that may pose health risks when taken excessively. This review explores strategies to improve meat product quality, focusing on three key approaches: substituting synthetic additives, reducing the ingredients potentially harmful when overconsumed like salt and animal fat, and boosting nutritional value. To replace synthetic additives, natural sources like celery and beet powders, as well as atmospheric cold plasma treatment, have been considered. However, for phosphates, the use of organic alternatives is limited due to the low phosphate content in natural substances. Thus, dietary fiber has been used to replicate phosphate functions by enhancing water retention and emulsion stability in meat products. Reducing the excessive salt and animal fat has garnered attention. Plant polysaccharides interact with water, fat, and proteins, improving gel formation and water retention, and enabling the development of low-salt and low-fat products. Replacing saturated fats with vegetable oils is also an option, but it requires techniques like Pickering emulsion or encapsulation to maintain product quality. These strategies aim to reduce or replace synthetic additives and ingredients that can potentially harm health. Dietary fiber offers numerous health benefits, including gut health improvement, calorie reduction, and blood glucose and lipid level regulation. Natural plant extracts not only enhance oxidative stability but also reduce potential carcinogens as antioxidants. Controlling protein and lipid bioavailability is also considered, especially for specific consumer groups like infants, the elderly, and individuals engaged in physical training with dietary management. Future research should explore the full potential of dietary fiber, encompassing synthetic additive substitution, salt and animal fat reduction, and nutritional enhancement. Additionally, optimal sources and dosages of polysaccharides should be determined, considering their distinct properties in interactions with water, proteins, and fats. This holistic approach holds promise for improving meat product quality with minimal processing.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.35-43
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• 1973

This study is concerned with the nutritional status of the packed lunch boxes which are brought by the junior high school students in Capital City of Seoul. Four hundred and eights students of the 8 school districts in Seoul had been randomly selected as subjects. The contained nutrients in the packed lunch were analysed by the Food Composition Table. To observe the influence of home economical status and mother's educational level on the nutrient concents of packed lunches, the chosen subjects were classified into three large groupings, which are upper, middle and low classes respectively. In addition, comparison between the Recommended Daily Allowanced for Korean people-13 to 15 age group-and the contained nutrients in the lunch boxed had been conducted. T-test was applied to clarify the significance of the differences between each group both economical and educational level. 1. The averaged rations between the Recommended Daily Allowances and the contained nutrients in the lunches stand: Calorie 59.7% (566 Cal.) protein 53.1% (18g), animal protein 48.6% (5g), fat 39.8% (5g), calcium 371.% (0.1g), ferret 66.4% (2.9g) Vitamin A 642 1.U. (31.3%), Vitamin $B_1$ 70.2% (0.3mg), Vitamin $B_2$ 41.4% (0.2g), Niacin 77.0%(4mg), Vitamin C 51.9% (13mg). All of the nctrients fall far behind the Recommended Daily, Allowances for 13 to 15 age group. 2. Home economical status brings influence on the kinds of foods which could been. Protein, animal protein, fat, Vitamin $B_2$, Vitamin C showed significance of diffierences between the upper and middle classes. Between the middle and low classes, Protein, animal protein, fat, calcium and Vitamin C showed significance of difference. And finally, between the upper and low classes, protein, fat, calcium, ferret, Vitamin $B_2$ and Vitamin C showed a great significance. 3. Regardless to the living conditions of the subject students, all the nutrients of the lunches packed by the mothers in the entire educational levels did not reach the Recommended Daily Allowances. Protein, animal protein, fat, ferret, Vitamin A, and Niacin showed the significance of the differences between the upper and middle classes. On the other hand, calorie, animal protein, fat, Vitamin A and Vitamin C showed the significance between the middle and low classes. Between the upper and the low classes, protein, animal protein, fat, and ferret showed significance. 4. The mairdish-ice of the lunch boxes supplied calorie, protein, Vitamin $B_1$, Vitamin $B_2$ and Niacin which stand at 83.8%, 56.1%, 52.5%, and 54.8% respectivly when compared with the whole nutritional contents. 5. The side-dishes of the packed lunch lack in variety of cooking methods. One interesting fact is that entire subject students are very favorable to the food cooked with every kind of grains.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.21-32
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• 2001

Objectives: The aim of this study was to the effect of very low calorie diet with Chegameuiintang to treat obese patients . Methods: We have evaluated 54 obese patients during very low calorie diet with Chegameuiintang weight-reducing regime by determining the body composition before and 1 month, 2 months after treatment by Bioelectrical impedence analysis . Results: In the change of body composition by the treatment, mean weight reduction was 11.59kg(15.57% of initial weight), mean weight reduction after 1month was 7.68kg( 10.31% of initial weight), mean weight reduction after 2 months was 3.91 kg(5.86% of weight after 1 month). Mean reduction in total fat mass was 8.03kg(2914% of the initial fat mass) which constitutes 69.28%. Mean reduction in lean body mass was 3.56kg(7.59%) Conclusions: This study has demonstrated that the compound therapy of very low calorie diet and Chegameuiintang (Tiganyiyiren-tang) is the good way of weight reduction, which reduces total fat mass and preserves lean body mass.

• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.143-156
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• 2018

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the affecting factors of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and it's components in Korean adults in their 30s and 40s. Methods: The present study assessed 1,215 subjects who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2014. We analyzed the prevalence rate of MetS and it's components and their affecting factors. Results: The prevalence rate of MetS was 16%. Family history of diabetes mellitus and, low or high saturated fat intake were associated with MetS in males. Low income, low education, excessive sleep, excessive carbohydrate and low saturated fat intake were associated with MetS in females. Triglycerides showed the highest prevalence in males and were related to white collar socioeconomic status, smoking, and obesity. Triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were high in females, and triglycerides were affected by excessive sleep, family history, low saturated fat intake, and obesity. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol was affected by obesity. Conclusions: Because sex differences exist in MetS, it is necessary to intervene through diverse approaches. In particular, a continuous management and preventive intervention for obesity is needed.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.339-348
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• 2006

Misaengtang (MST), a formula of Korean herbal medicines, has been used as a weight-controlling recipe. We have investigated two experiment of body weight regulation by MST In rats. i) The anti-obesity effect of MTS on a high fat diet-induced obesity, male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with a high-fat diet containing 30% in the absence or presence of MST (0.3, 1 or 3%) or a reference orlistat (0.05%) for 6 weeks. ii) weight-decrease effect of MST on normal diet, same animal were fed with a normal diet in the absence or presence of MST (3%) for 6 weeks. And the body weights, daily feed and water consumptions, organ weights, fat weights serum biochemistry were measured. In both experiments, MST and orlistat did not affect the body weight gain. But orlistat significantly increased the feed and water consumptions, leading to low-feed efficiency, and orlistat markedly reduced abdominal, paratesticular and perirenal fat weights, although increased the kidney weights. In MST, low dose (0.3%) of MST decreased the perirenal fat and increased the kidney weights in rats fed HFD, and MST 3% decreased the abdominal fat weights in rats fed normal diet. In addition, Orlistat caused changes in parameters of hepatotoxicity (AST and glucose), nephrotoxicity (BUN and B/C ratio) and lipid metabolism (HDL and triglycerides). In comparison, MST decreased AST, ALP and ALT, the hepatotoxicity markers, and somewhat improved the hepatic fatty degeneration. Taken together, it is suggested that MST does not exert anti-obesity activity as well as remarkably direct effects, but MST may be potentially benefit for dietary cure and exercise-cure of obesity.