• 제목/요약/키워드: lose time

검색결과 262건 처리시간 0.021초

초 . 중 . 고등학교 비만관리프로그램 구축에 관한 연구 (The Survey on Construction of Obesity Management Program for Primary, Middle and High Schools)

  • 김이순;주현옥;신유선;송미경
    • 보건교육건강증진학회지
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    • 제19권3호
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    • pp.97-105
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    • 2002
  • This study attempts to develop a program for obesity prevention and management for students in primary, middle, and high school and was carried based on the program development process as suggested by Ewles and Simnett. Data were collected from September 1st to September 30th, 2000. The study method is as follows: 1) Reviewing the present obesity control programs practiced in primary, middle, and high school (196 schools total) in metropolitan, medium-sized, and small cities, 2) Surveying obesity students'(682 students total) perception of the obesity management in their school. 3) Reviewing the annual plan for obesity in primary, middle, and high schools 4) Analyzing the educational data (CD, VIDEO) for obesity The results are as below: I. The media researched related to obesity were mainly CD and video, aimed primarily primary school students and are biased in nature. 2. The results of how to manage obesity in students: the difficulty of obesity education in the primary school, is the arousal of a sense of shame among obese students and the lack of various educational data are the most. In the middle and high schools, a lack of various educational data, and no time or lack of time were prevailing concerns. Paramount in managing obesity is weight control, as answered by majority of primary, middle, and high school students. The major problem of obesity management is the non-cooperation of children. 3. Asked whether the weight controlling aspect of health care class was helpful or not, 51.4% of primary school students, and 71.6% of middle and high school students answered not. The most popular educational method used in health care class is the computer, with a 56.4% approval rating. Most 43.5% of respondents answered that they wanted the content of obesity management program to focus on how to lose weight. Therefore, based on the results, the obesity management program is constructed to the steps of assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation. Assessment includes administering surveys on health needs among students and their parents and physique tests. Planning includes the set-up of long term and short term educational goal and the establishment of an operation system. Implementation includes education, exercise, behavior modification, and health service programs. Evaluation includes step-by-step evaluations for obesity reduction. After this study is conducted, the following should be further researched: More practical and systematic obesity management programs should be developed for the evaluation results. In addition, it is important to develop an appropriate media for obesity management the primary, middle and high school students.

16세기 호남(湖南) 한시(漢詩)의 의상(意象) 연구(硏究) - 박상(朴祥), 임억령(林億齡), 고경명(高敬命)을 중심으로 - (A study of image on Honam Chinese poetry in 16th century)

  • 권혁명
    • 동양고전연구
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    • 제63호
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    • pp.43-82
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    • 2016
  • 본고는 16세기 호남 한시의 의상을 연구하는 데 목적을 두었다. 이를 위해 박상 임억령 고경명을 연구의 대상으로 삼고 의상(意象)을 방법론으로 고찰하였다. 본고가 파악한 호남 한시의 특징은 다음 두 가지이다. 첫째, '문재불용(文才不用)'의식과 변새(邊塞) 의상(意象)이다. 박상 임억령 고경명은 16세기 호남의 인재들로 뛰어난 문재(文才)를 가지고 중앙정계에 진출하였다. 그러나 당대는 훈구파가 정국을 주도하는 시기로서 3인은 좌절을 겪게 된다. 그러한 과정에서 그들은 부정(不正)의 현실인식(現實認識), 현실비판(現實批判) 및 회재불우(懷才不遇) 의식(意識)을 드러낸다. 그런데 3인에게 주목되는 개성적 면모는 회재불우(懷才不遇) 의식(意識)이다. 그들의 회재불우(懷才不遇)는 그 기저에 '근본적으로 문재(文才)를 인정받지 못해서 불우하다는 문재불용(文才不用)' 의식이 자리잡고 있기 때문이다. 이들이 '문재불용(文才不用)'에 민감했던 것은 그들의 중앙진출수단이 뛰어난 문재(文才)였기 때문에 문재(文才)가 차단 당하자 좌절도 그만큼 켰기 때문이다. '문재불용(文才不用)' 의식은 특히, 외직을 맡거나 실질이 없고 명분만 있는 군직(軍職)을 맡았을 때 두드려지게 나타나는데, 검(劍), 극(戟), 장군(將軍) 등의 변새(邊塞) 의상(意象)을 통해서 시화(詩化)되고 있었다. 둘째, '화이불류(和而不流)' 의식과 절조(節操) 의상(意象)이다. 박상 임억령 고경명은 정치현실에서 '문재불용(文才不用)'을 토로하면서도 지속적으로 정치에 참여하였다. 이는 도(道)가 행해지면 나가서 벼슬하고 도(道)가 행해지지 않으면 은거하여 학문과 인격을 닦는 유자 일반의 수기치인(修己治人)의 자세와는 변별되는 것이다. 이는 3인이 유하혜(柳下惠)의 '화이불류(和而不流)'를 정치적 삶의 표본으로 삼았기 때문이다. 따라서 3인은 부정(不正)의 현실이라고 외면하거나 떠나가지 않고 자신의 도를 곧게 세워 지속적으로 현실에 참여하고자 했던 것이다. 이러한 정신지향은 접붙인 매화, 꾀꼬리, 지주석 등의 의상을 통해 시화(詩化)되고 있었다.

부정기선 운임율의 결정에 관한 이론적 고찰 (A Study on the Determination of Tramp Freight Rates)

  • 이종인
    • 한국항해학회지
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    • 제4권2호
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    • pp.45-79
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    • 1980
  • The aim of this paper is to analyze the mechanics of price formation in the tramp shipping. For the purpose of this study, the main characteristics of tramp freight rates and the market is examined, and a brief examination of the nature ofthe costs of operation is given which are essential for the understanding of the functioning of shipping firms as well as for the understanding of developments in the tramp freight market. The demand and supply relationships in the market is also analysed in detail. Tramp shipping is an industry that has a market which functions under conditions that are not dissimilar to the theoretical model of perfect competition. However, it does notmean that tramp shipping market is a perfectly competitive market. It is apparent that this realworld competitive system has its imperfections, which means that the market for tramp shipping is near to being a perfectly competitive market on an internaitonal scale and it is freight are therefore subjext to the laws of supply and demand. In theory, the minimum freight rate in the short term is that at which the lowest cost vessels will lay-up in preference to operating, and is equal to the variable costs minus lay-up costs; and this would imply that in all times except those of full employment for ships there is a tendency for newer low-cost, and, probably, faster vessels to be driving the older high-cost vessels in the breaker's yards. In this case, shipowners may be reluctant to lay-up their ships becasue of obligations to crews, or because they would lose credibility with shippers or financiers, or simply because of lost prestige. Mainly, however, the decision is made on strictly economic grounds. When, for example, the total operating costs minus the likely freight earnings are greater than the cost of taking the ship out of service, maintaining it, and recommissioning it, then a ship may be considered for laying-up; shipowners will, in other words, run the ships at freight earnings below operating costs by as much as the cost of laying them up. As described above, the freight rates fixed on the tramp shipping market are subject to the laws of supply and demand. In other words, the basic properties of supply and demand are of significance so far as price or rate fluctuations in the tramp freight market are concerned. In connection with the same of the demand for tramp shipping services, the following points should be brone in mind: (a) That the magnitude of demand for sea transport of dry cargoes in general and for tramp shipping services in particular is increasing in the long run. (b) That owning to external factors, the demand for tramp shipping services is capable of varying sharphy at a given going of time. (c) The demad for the industry's services tends to be price inelastic in the short run. On the other hand the demand for the services offered by the individual shipping firm tends as a rule to be infinitely price elastic. In the meantime, the properties of the supply of the tramp shipping facilities are that it cannot expand or contract in the short run. Also, that in the long run there is a time-lag between entrepreneurs' decision to expand their fleets and the actual time of delivery of the new vessels. Thus, supply is inelastic and not capable of responding to demand and price changes at a given period of time. In conclusion, it can be safely stated that short-run changes in freight rates are a direct result of variations in the magnitude of demand for tramp shipping facilities, whilest the average level of freight rates is brought down to relatively low levels over prolonged periods of time.

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공급사슬관리의 예측전략과 지연전략 선택을 위한 프로파일링 접근법 (Profiling Approach for the Choice between Speculation and Postponement Strategy in Supply Chain Management)

  • 강성욱;김규배
    • 유통과학연구
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    • 제12권4호
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    • pp.47-54
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    • 2014
  • Purpose - The postponement strategy, which delays the form, place, and production of products as late as possible, has been widely considered as a competitive supply chain management scheme in an era of mass customization and modular manufacturing. An interesting business phenomenon is that not all manufacturing/logistics firms choose the postponement strategy. Given that postponement is a counter-measure to speculation, which has some advantages under certain environments, the current imprudent inclination toward the postponement strategy may cause firms to lose the potential of the speculation strategy, an alternative strategy in supply chain management. Building on the logistics and manufacturing literature, this study examines characteristics of two contrasting strategies, postponement and speculation, and major factors favoring each strategy. Research design, data, and methodology - We apply the profiling approach to two business cases, HP printer and LG mobile phone. The profiling approach is a method of choosing a particular strategy aligned with environmental factors. While various approaches have been used to check the fit between a business strategy and environmental factors, the literature on manufacturing strategy and logistics has commonly adopted the profiling approach. Major factors used in profiling variables are derived from the literature. Two samples, HP printer and LG mobile phone, are selected, because they represent major characteristics appropriate for each strategy. The profiling is based on data from semi-organized interviews with managers. Results - The profiling approach shows that the postponement strategy is a suitable one for HP printers. Most factors, such as product life cycle, large production volume, low-price, product value, and monetary density, support delaying end products until as late as possible. Despite some exceptions, such as delivery time and economy of scale, our analysis states that the overall profile of HP printer is favorable for the postponement strategy. On the other hand, LG mobile phone may adapt the speculation strategy. Although it has large production volume and low delivery frequency, most characteristics support the speculation strategy for this product. An interesting finding is that, despite common perception that advanced technology products such as mobile telephones favor the postponement strategy, profiling proposes the speculation strategy for this product. Conclusions - Our analysis shows that speculation is not the universal option for supply chain management, and that, when choosing a specific strategy, one should consider many factors simultaneously. A major implication of our work is to emphasize the role of environmental factors such as supply chain variables in choosing an inventory strategy, and the importance of fit rather than solely strategic orientation. A theoretical contribution is to demonstrate the benefit of the simultaneous consideration of business variables in choosing specific strategies. For practitioners, our work leads us to consider the existence and the potential of speculation as a counter-measure to postponement. In addition, the comprehensive framework in this research may be instantly used in examining a practical strategy.

안드로이드 모바일 게임 환경에서의 터치 이벤트 정보를 이용한 매크로 탐지 기법 연구 (A study on macro detection using information of touch events in Android mobile game environment)

  • 김정현;이상진
    • 정보보호학회논문지
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    • 제25권5호
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    • pp.1123-1129
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    • 2015
  • 모바일 게임의 매크로(자동사냥)는 PC 온라인 게임의 게임봇과 같이 정해놓은 규칙에 의해 화면을 터치하는 프로그램으로서 안드로이드 애플리케이션과 Windows 응용프로그램 등 다양한 형태로 만들어져 사용된다. 이는 정직한 사용자에게 박탈감을 주고 흥미를 잃게 하여 게임을 떠나게 만들고 게임 수명을 단축시킨다. 비록 PC 온라인 게임에서 이러한 부정행위를 막기 위해 다양한 연구가 진행되었으나 모바일 게임은 네트워크 사용이 제한적이고 디바이스의 성능이 PC와 다르기 때문에 동일한 방법을 적용시키기 무리가 있다. 본 논문에서는 터치 이벤트 정보를 이용한 매크로 탐지 프레임워크를 제안한다. 모바일 게임에서 터치 이벤트는 게임을 진행하기 위한 필수적인 제어 명령이다. 매크로는 동일한 패턴으로 화면을 터치하기 때문에 정상적인 사용자들의 패턴과 차이가 있다. 캐쥬얼 게임이 대부분인 모바일 게임에서 터치이벤트는 짧은 시간 동안 매크로와 정상적인 사용자를 구별할 수 있는 가장 좋은 특징이다. 제안한 프레임워크를 활용하여 실제 모바일 게임에서 사용되는 매크로들을 탐지한 결과 100%의 정확도와 0%의 오탐률을 보였다.

GPS위치 정보를 기반으로 한 운동독려 게임화 앱 연구 (A Study on gamification exercise encouragement app based on GPS location information)

  • 박현주;금충기
    • 한국융합학회논문지
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    • 제11권4호
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    • pp.119-124
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    • 2020
  • 본 논문에서는 사용자의 운동을 독려하기 위해 사용자의 체중 및 운동 상태를 고려한 운동 목표를 제시하고 GPS 정보를 이용한 목표를 부여하는 앱에 대한 연구를 다루었다. 기존 앱에서 제시한 막연한 숫자나 시간 목표와 달리 GPS정보를 이용하여 구체적으로 주변 건물이나 구조물로 목표를 제시한다. 또한 경쟁 심리를 이용하여 운동 독려를 하기 위해 앱에 연결된 사람들의 운동 정보를 보여주고 사용자의 경쟁 심리를 이용하여 여럿이 운동하는 효과를 볼 수 있도록 한다. 구체적인 목표물 제시를 위해 네이버지도 SDK 위치정보를 이용하여 주요 건물들의 좌표를 생성하고 마킹을 설정한다. 사용자는 매번 목표를 주면 지루해 하기 쉽고 사용자가 느끼는 지루함은 운동에 대한 흥미를 떨어뜨린다. 운동 흥미를 잃지 않도록 하기위해 앱은 게임모드로 바꾸어 사용자의 체중과 운동 상태와 상관없는 가벼운 목표를 제시하고 목표를 달성하면 보상을 준다. 앱에 게임 모드를 추가하여 사람의 운동의지를 실천과 연결 시켰다. 또한 재미요소를 가미하여 흥미를 유발하며, 경쟁심을 이용하여 꾸준한 운동으로 건강한 생활을 할 수 있도록 한다. 기술적으로는 GPS를 이용한 스마트폰 지도 표시의 정확도를 높이기 위한 카메라 위치 표시 함수 사용 및 기울기 처리를 하여 정확한 위치를 표시할 수 있도록 하였다.

합곡의 구진약침이 흰쥐의 염증성 대장염에 미치는 치료 효과 (Effects of Moxi-tar Herbal Acupuncture at LI4 (HapGok) on TNBS-induced Colitis in Rats)

  • 송재수;양범식;김선영;홍정아;송정방;김경식;김재효;권오상;손인철
    • Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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    • 제24권2호
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    • pp.217-230
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    • 2007
  • Objectives : Ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease has been recognized as Ha-ri (下痢) or Jang-Byok in Korean oriental medicine. A purpose of the present study is to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of moxi-tar herbal acupuncture at LI4 (HapGok) on 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS) induced colitis in rats and further elucidate the possibility of herbal acupuncture on ulcerative colitis which is chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Methods : Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing $170{\sim}190$ g, were subjected to intrarectal injection of either saline (300 ${\mu}l$, 500 ${\mu}l$) for a control or 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS) (300 ${\mu}l$, 500 ${\mu}l$) for a colitis, Moxi-tar (20 mg/ml) were subcutaneously injected to the LI4 just after the secondary injection time of TNBS in rats. To study the effects of Moxi-tar acupuncture in LI4, body weight, RBC count, WBC count, total protein, Paw edema rate, rate of protein leakage into CMC-pouch fluid, IgG levels and IgM levels were observed. Results: Moxi-tar acupuncture in LI4 on TNBS-induced colitis inhibited the body weight lose rate but not effect RBC, WBC count. In addition, it inhibited the reduction of total protein concentration, paw edema, rate of protein leakage into CMC-pouch fluid, IgG levels and IgM levels. Conclusions : It is suggested that moxi-tar herbal acupuncture at LI4 helps to recover TNBS-induced colitis and plays an important role for an treatment of the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

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미분 문제해결 과정에서의 오류 분석 (Analysis of Error Types in the Differential Problem Solving Progress)

  • 전영배;노은환;최정숙;김대의;정의창;정찬식;김창수
    • 한국학교수학회논문집
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    • 제12권4호
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    • pp.545-562
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    • 2009
  • 미적분은 우리 생활의 여러 방면에 활용되고 있으며, 경제학이나 행정학 등 사회과학 분야에서도 기초를 이루고 있다는 점에서 이공계에서만 중요시하게 다루어지는 것에 대한 많은 논란이 있어 왔다. 다행히 2010년부터는 일반계 고등학교 2학년 수학과 교육과정에 미적분 단원이 도입된다고 한다. 처음 미적분을 접하게 되는 학생들은 먼저 미분학습에서 흥미를 잃는다거나 미분학습에 대한 불안과 기피현상을 겪지 않도록 해야 한다. 이에 대비하기 위해 본 연구는 학생들이 교과서에서 평소 접할 수 있는 일반화된 미분문제를 중심으로 예비검사를 실시하고 전문가의 검토와 예비검사를 바탕으로 선정된 최종 검사지를 투입하여 미분 문제해결 과정에서 나타나는 오류를 분석틀에 맞게 분류 분석함으로서 미분학습 지도방안에 대한 기초자료를 마련하고자 하였다.

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어류 내장 유래 단백질 분해효소로부터 열안정성 개선을 위한 고정화 효소의 제조 (Preparation of an Immobilized Enzyme for Enhancing Thermostability of the Crude Proteinase from Fish Intestine)

  • 전유진;박표잠;변희국;송병권;김원석;김세권
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제8권6호
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    • pp.627-637
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    • 1998
  • 수산가공공장에서 원료어 처리시 생성되는 부산물인 참치 내장중 유문수 조직으로부터 높은 활성을 가진 단백질 분해효소를 추출하고, 이것을 부분 정제하여 참치 유문수 유래 조효소(TPCCE)를 대량으로 제조하였다. 제조된 TP-CCE에 대한 최적활성조건을 규명하였으며, 아울러 시판 정제 단백질 분해효소들과 비교하였다. 또한 TPCCE의 열안정성을 높이고자 몇가지 종류의 담체에 물리적으로 흡착시켜 제조한 고정화 효소의 열안정성을 검토하였다. 1. 참치 유문수 조직으로부터 높은 활성을 가진 단백질 가수분해효소를 부분정제하여 조효소 상태를 추출하였으며 이때의 수율은 약 2.7% 정도로 매우 높았다. 활성은 천연기질인 카제인에 대하여 0.54 U/mg이었고, 합성기질인 BTEE와 BAEE에서는 각각 1.10과 2.69 U/mg로서 시판정제효소인 trypsin과 유사한 활성을 나타내었다. 2. 참치유문수 유래 조효소의 천연기질인 casein에 대한 가수분해의 최적조건은 pH 10.0, 반응온도 45$^{\circ}C$, 반응시간 12시간이었으며, 이 때의 가수분해도는 약 80%였다. 3. 참치 유문수로부터 추출된 조효소를 여러 가지 담체에 고정화시켰으며 이용된 담체중에서 고정화율은 Chitopearl, DEAE-Cellulose 및 키틴 순으로 가장 높았으며(70~80%), 합성기질인 BAEE에 대한 활성은 키틴, DEAE-Cellu-lose 및 키토산 고정화 효소의 순서로 각각 2.46 U/mg, 2.35U/mg, 및 2.29 U/mg이었고, BTEE에 대한 활성은 키토산, 키틴, CM-Cellulose의 순서로 각각 0.89 U/mg, 0.88 U/mg 및 0.86 U/mg이였다. 이중 키틴 고정화 효소가 모든 조건에서 충분한 효과를 보여 가장 효율적으로 나타났다. 4. 고정화 효소의 열안정성에서 대부분의 고정화 효소는 유리 TPCCE보다 높은 열안정을 보였으며, 특히 DEAE-Ce-llulose를 이용한 고정화 효소는 6$0^{\circ}C$의 높은 온도에서 7일이 경과한 후에도 약 95%의 활성을 유지하여 장시간의 효소 반응공정이나 고정화 효소를 이용한 컬럼 반응에서의 연속적 단백질 가수분해물 생성과 같은 공정에서 매우 효과적으로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

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군산시 중년여성의 체지방률에 의한 비만도 분류에 따른 체중조절 행동, 식습관 및 건강관련 생활습관에 관한 연구 (A Study on Weight Control Behaviour, Eating Habits and Health-related Life Habits according to Obesity Degree by Body Fat Percentage among Middle-aged Women in Gunsan City)

  • 장혜순
    • 대한지역사회영양학회지
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    • 제15권2호
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    • pp.227-239
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    • 2010
  • The purpose of this study was to compare weight control behaviour, eating habits and health-related life habits according to the obesity degree by body fat percentage (%Fat) among middle-aged women. The subjects were 170 middle-aged women who lived Gunsan City, and they were assigned to one of the following groups based on their %Fat; normal weight group (18% - < 28%), overweight group (28% - < 33%) and obesity group (over 33%). The height, body weight, %Fat, the circumference of waist and hip of them were measured. Eating habits and health-related life habits were evaluated based on questionnaires. The results were as follows. Their weight, %Fat, body mass index (BMI), relative body weight (RBW), waist, hip, and waist-hip ratio (WHR) were significantly higher in the obesity subjects when compared to the normal and overweight subjects. Self-perception for weight (p < 0.001), desire for weight control (p < 0.01), and reasons of weight control (p < 0.05) were different among three groups. The main skipped meal was breakfast (67.9%), reasons of skipping meals were different among three groups (p < 0.05), and main reasons were "lose one's appetite" and "have not enough time". Food habits score for each food was not significantly different among three groups, but eating the meal on thinking with food combination in normal group was higher than overweight and obesity group (p < 0.01). Correlation coefficients of food habits score and anthropometric measurements were that salty of food was negative and food habits scores were positive correlation for anthropometric measurements and obesity index (p < 0.05 - p < 0.001). Frequency of exercise and fitting exercise for body were different among three groups (p < 0.05). Obesity group was lower frequency of exercise than the other groups. Regular diet was positive correlation with food combination (p < 0.01), taking fish (p < 0.05), taking vegetables (p < 0.01), taking bean products (p < 0.01) and food habits score (p < 0.01), frequency of eating out and snacks were negative correlation with taking fruits and fishes. Therefore, proper nutritional education for middle-aged women in obesity group is recommended regular diet, good food habits and exercise. The middle-aged women must decrease the frequency of eating out, snack and the salty foods, and increase the fruits and vegetables. They must have healthy life styles for exercise, smoking, and drinking.