• Transactions of the Society of Information Storage Systems
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.50-55
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• 2012

Optical disks are widely used in libraries and archives as digital data media due to their long-term storage stability. Though archive-grade optical disks are already available on the market, there is a relative less focusing on the reliable recording conditions. Commercial BD-R media were recorded at various recording speeds with the maximum speed of 6X, and tested at the acceleration aging conditions. Through the evaluation of long-term storage features by the data stability test, lower recording speed of 2x resulted in better long-term storage stability. In addition, degradation aspects of unstable long-term storage feature at outer region of disk were discussed.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.159-171
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• 2016

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the characteristics and ADL(Activities of Daily Living) associated factors of elderly inpatients in long-term care hospitals. Methods : Data were collected from the nationwide data of 'Survey of Patients (2013-2014)' administerd by the Ministry of Health & Welfare. The data included in this study consisted of 27,606 cases of elderly inpatients in long-term care hospitals. Results : The survey scores for the elderly inpatients were as follows: 57.6% 'Needed much and total help' with ADL, followed by 26.6% who 'Needed much help', and 15.8% who 'needed minimal supervision' in long-term care hospitals. The ADL score was high in the following categories: women, old age, referred visit, health insurance type, not-recovered & death, transferred, corporate hospitals, small hospital size, low number of physicians per 100 beds, and high number of nursing staff per 100 beds. The inpatients with 'diseases of the nervous system', 'diseases of the circulatory system' and 'diseases of the genitourinary system' were more likely to have high ADL scores. Conclusions : The results of this study suggest that long-term care hospitals should provide active and proper care for patients with high ADL scores and improve medical personnel training as well provide more medical care.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.349-358
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to estimate nursing costs and to establish appropriate nursing fees for long-term care services for community elders. Methods: Seven nurses participated in data collection related to visiting time by nurses for 1,100 elders. Data on material costs and management costs were collected from 5 visiting nursing agencies. The nursing costs were classified into 3 groups based on the nurse's visit time under the current reimbursement system of long-term care insurance. Results: The average nursing cost per minute was 246 won. The material costs were 3,214 won, management costs, 10,707 won, transportation costs, 7,605 won, and capital costs, 5,635 won per visit. As a result, the average cost of nursing services per visit by classification of nursing time were 41,036 won (care time <30 min), 46,005 won (care time 30-59 min), and 57,321 won (care time over 60 min). Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that the fees for nurse visits currently being charged for long-term care insurance should be increased. Also these results will contribute to baseline data for establishing appropriate nursing fees for long-term care services to maintain quality nursing and management in visiting nursing agencies.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.25-31
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• 2013

Purpose - This study aims to determine the effects of marketing factors on the long-term purchasing behavior regarding industrial goods, using data from wholesalers and retailers. Research design, data, and methodology - We used multiple regression analysis and 3-step regressions to investigate causality. We used 177 questionnaires targeting wholesalers and retailers of industrial goods. Results - First, long-term purchasing behavior is positively related only with advertising and marketing factors. Second, the relationship between marketing factors and brand value show that the physical environment, word-of-mouth advertising, and publicity are positively related, except advertising and sales promotion, respectively. Third, brand value and long-term purchasing behavior are positively related. Finally, brand value is not a mediator between marketing factors and long-term purchasing behavior. Conclusion - This study suggests that industrial goods providers should use marketing strategies that are different from those used in the consumer market. Further, if they want to maintain long-term relationships, they should increase their brand value.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.21-30
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• 2016

Purpose: This research was conducted to identify long-term care service needs in the baby boom generation. Methods: Data were collected from September 3 to October 9, 2012 targeting 196 baby boomers residing in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do with the measurement of long-term care service needs having five domains. Collected data were analyzed using the SPSS 20.0 program. Results: Demand for long term care service in those who preferred nursing homes was highest as $4.40{\pm}0.69$ in the safe environment domain. In case of those preferring home care services, demand was highest as $4.37{\pm}0.56$ in the social interaction domain. People who preferred nursing homes had higher needs in personal health care and improvement of the service quality domains. Those who preferred home care services showed diverse needs according to their characteristics. Conclusion: The baby boom generation had high needs in all the domains of long-term care services and such needs were diverse according to their characteristics. However, long-term care services had limitations that they provided standardized and uniformed services only. Therefore, health care services and improved quality services should be provided in a way of meeting the users' needs, and tailored services should be provided in consideration of the users' characteristics.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.343-353
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• 2013

Flow duration curve (FDC) can be developed by linking the daily flow data of stream flow monitoring network to 8-day interval flow data of the unit watersheds for the management of Total Maximum Daily Loads. This study investigated the applicable method for the development of long term FDC with the selection of the stream flow reference sites, and suggested the development of the FDC in 4 river basins. Out of 142 unit watersheds in 4 river basins, 107 unit watersheds were shown to estimate daily flow data for the unit watersheds from 2006 to 2010. Short term FDC could be developed in 64 unit watersheds (45%) and long term FDC in 43 unit watersheds (30%), while other 35 unit watersheds (25%) were revealed to have difficulties in the development of FDC itself. Limits in the development of the long term FDC includes no stream monitoring sites in certain unit watersheds, short duration of stream flow data set and missing data by abnormal water level measurements on the stream flow monitoring sites. To improve these limits, it is necessary to install new monitoring sites in the required areas, to keep up continuous monitoring and make normal water level observations on the stream flow monitoring sites, and to build up a special management system to enhance data reliability. The development of long term FDC for the unit watersheds can be established appropriately with the normal and durable measurement on the selected reference sites in the stream flow monitoring network.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.56 no.3 s.102
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• pp.91-106
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to examine the differences of long-term relationship intention process according to consumer characteristics. Data for this research was collected from 540 women older than 20 years old in Seoul, Gwangju, and Gyeonggi-do. The results are as follows. First, relationship consumers having relationship with stores were different from customers having relationship with a brand in specific store in the long-term relationship intention process. Second, consumers having relationship for a long period and consumers having relationship for a short period showed differences in long-term relationship intention process. Third, strong relationship consumers and weak relationship consumers showed differences in long-term relationship intention process. Forth, involvement groups showed differences in long-term relationship intention process. These results imply that fashion retailers need set up the relationship strategy for subdivision groups along consumer characteristics.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.7463-7473
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• 2015

This study aims to analyze the effect of long-term care utilization on health care utilization of the national health insurance elderly. This study is a secondary data analysis of the long-term care insurance data that comprised of total 21,213 long-term care insurance with the level 1 elders who received either service or non-service. This study evaluated the impact of long-term care service on the probability of health care utilization experience and costs of health care utilization. The total medical cost, geriatric hospital's medical cost, inpatient day and geriatric hospital's inpatient day by 2007-2009 were significant factor influencing the long-term care utilization. This study suggests long term care system should proper medical service linkage system. The current long-term care insurance system should more resource allocation on long-term care utilization to increase the efficiency of insurance system.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.141-150
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine satisfaction with counseling in long-term care service, and to compare the scores of counseling satisfaction according to variables among beneficiaries of Korean long-term care services. Methods: Questionnaires were completed by 445 beneficiaries of long-term care insurance to measure satisfaction with counseling. Research design was cross-sectional descriptive design. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test and ANOVA for evaluating differences in satisfaction with counseling according to variables including economic status, the level of long-term care insurance approval, duration of long term care service, and conditions of counseling. Results: The score of satisfaction with counseling was somewhat high as 71.67. The score of counselor's attitude was highest among the subcategories of satisfaction. The factors that influenced satisfaction with counseling were frequency and time of counseling (F=12.19, p<.001). Conclusion: Home-based individual counseling is necessary for the elderly who need long-term care service. The National Long-term Care Insurance Corporation should offer counseling and assistance to elders and their caregivers about long term care insurance.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.93-100
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• 2014

Ethylene Tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) has been widely used in long-span buildings because of its light weight and high transparency. This paper studies the short and long term creep behaviour of ETFE foil. A series of short-term creep and recovery tests were performed, in which the residual strain was observed. A long-term creep test of the ETFE foil was also performed over 110 days. A viscoelastic-plastic model was then established to describe the short-term creep and recovery behaviour. The model contains a traditional multi-Kelvin part and an added steady-flow component to represent the viscoelastic and viscoplastic behaviour, respectively. The model successfully fit the data for three stresses and six temperatures. Additionally, time-temperature equivalency was adopted to predict the long-term creep behaviour of ETFE foil. Horizontal shifting factors were determined from the process of shifting creep-curves at six temperatures. The long-term creep behaviours at three temperatures were predicted. Finally, the long-term creep test showed that the short-term creep test at identical temperatures insufficiently predicted additional creep behaviour, and the long-term test verified the horizontal shifting factors derived from the time-temperature equivalency.