• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제54권10호
• /
• pp.3682-3694
• /
• 2022

The expansion of a country's ecological footprint generates resources for economic development. China's import bill and carbon footprint can be reduced by investing in green transportation and energy technologies. A sustainable environment depends on the cessation of climate change; the current study investigates nuclear energy efficiency, economic complexity, air transportation, and industrial improvement for reducing environmental footprint. Using data spanning the years 1983-2016, the dynamic autoregressive distributed lag simulation method has demonstrated the short- and long-term variability in the impact of regressors on the ecological footprint. The study findings revealed that economic complexity in China had been found to have a statistically significant impact on the country's ecological footprint. Moreover, the industrial improvement process is helpful for the ecological footprint in China. In the short term, air travel has a negative impact on the ecological footprint, but this effect diminishes over time. Additionally, energy innovation is negative and substantial both in the short and long run, thus demonstrating its positive role in reducing the ecological footprint. Policy implications can be extracted from a wide range of issues, including economic complexity, industrial improvement, air transportation, energy innovation, and ecological impact to achieve sustainable goals.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• 제16권12호
• /
• pp.3923-3942
• /
• 2022

Environment, price, regulation, and other factors influence the price of agricultural products, which is a social signal of product supply and demand. The price of many agricultural products fluctuates greatly due to the asymmetry between production and marketing details. Horticultural goods are particularly price sensitive because they cannot be stored for long periods of time. It is very important and helpful to forecast the price of horticultural products which is crucial in designing a cropping plan. The proposed method guides the farmers in agricultural product production and harvesting plans. Farmers can benefit from long-term forecasting since it helps them plan their planting and harvesting schedules. Customers can also profit from daily average price estimates for the short term. This paper study the time series models such as ARIMA, SARIMA, and neural network models such as BPN, LSTM and are used for wheat cost prediction in India. A large scale available data set is collected and tested. The results shows that since ARIMA and SARIMA models are well suited for small-scale, continuous, and periodic data, the BPN and LSTM provide more accurate and faster results for predicting well weekly and monthly trends of price fluctuation.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제32권12호
• /
• pp.1599-1604
• /
• 2022

Storage stability of freeze-dried lactic acid bacteria is a critical factor for their cost-effectiveness. Long-term storage of lactic acid bacteria enables microbial industry to reduce distribution costs. Herein, we investigated the effect of cold adaptation under supercooling conditions at -5℃ on the viability of Leuconostoc mesenteroides WiKim32 during the freeze-drying process and subsequent storage. Cold adaptation increased the thickness of exopolysaccharides (EPS) and improved the viability of freeze-dried Leu. mesenteroides WiKim32. Compared to non-adapted cells, cold-adapted cells showed a 35.4% increase in EPS thickness under supercooling conditions. The viability of EPS-hydrolyzed cells was lower than that of untreated cells, implying that EPS plays a role in protection during the freeze-drying process. Cold adaptation increased the storage stability of freeze-dried Leu. mesenteroides WiKim32. Fifty-six days after storage, the highest viability (71.3%) was achieved with cold adaptation at -5℃. When EPS-containing broth was added prior to the freeze-drying process, the viability further increased to 82.7%. These results imply that cold adaptation by supercooling pretreatment would be a good strategy for the long-term storage of Leu. mesenteroides WiKim32.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
• /
• 제36권2호
• /
• pp.164-169
• /
• 2023

Nano Pt particles were dispersed on carbon-based supports by a polyol process for a catalyst application in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell. We tried to optimize the effect of pH on the electrostatic forces between the support and the Pt colloids. We investigated the relationship among the surface charges on the carbon support, the solution pH, and the concentration of a glycolate, and the Pt particle size. The produced catalyst with nano Pt particles on the support was evaluated by the long-term cyclic voltammetry (CV) performance test and compared with the results from a commercial catalyst. Our experimental results reveal that the pH-control can modify the particle size distribution and the dispersion of the nano Pt particles. This resulted in a cost-effective method for the synthesis of highly Pt loaded Pt/C catalysts for fuel cells better than a commercial catalyst system.

• 동아시아경상학회지
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.35-42
• /
• 2024

Purpose: A railroad project is a complex system with large construction costs in the initial stage and ongoing operating costs over its lifecycle. Current railroad projects tend to be based on construction options, which leads to huge deficiencies in operating costs. This phenomenon results from a lack of appropriate tools to accurately estimate a railroad project's lifecycle costs. This study attempts to analyze the major components of railroad operating costs and to propose a decision-making system for analyzing the long-term lifecycle costs of railroad projects. Research design, data and methodology: We review the literature and analyze the current status of railroad operating costs in Korea and overseas. Based on previous projects, a framework for project options and operating costs is proposed. The framework is applied to actual railroad projects to demonstrate the validity of the model. Results: Case analysis shows that our framework is comprehensive in analyzing the primary aspects of railroad operating costs and plays an effective role in choosing various railroad project options. This study points out that the railway project operates inefficiently because estimating long-term costs without reflecting specific project options causes many errors. Conclusions: A major contribution of this study is the development of an improved framework for accurately estimating operating costs and providing policymakers and engineering firms with a holistic decision support system. Detailed components in estimating operating costs of the railroad business are discussed. And we present a decision-making tool that policymakers and private businesses can use in planning the railroad business.

• Journal of Korea Trade
• /
• 제26권5호
• /
• pp.23-38
• /
• 2022

Purpose - This research intends to find out whether R&D cost stickiness shows differentiated aspects depending on exports in Korea. A cost behavior that indicates a lower rate of costs decrease when sales decrease than the rate of costs increase when sales increase is called cost stickiness. This sticky cost behavior is caused by considering the adjusting costs. This study aims to empirically verify that R&D cost stickiness is greater in export firms than in non-export firms. We also investigate the effect of exports on R&D cost stickiness is nonlinear. Design/methodology - We obtain data for the analysis from Kis-Value and TS2000 from 2012 to 2020. This study tests for R&D cost stickiness of exports using the cost stickiness model developed by Anderson et al. (2003) that is used in a lot of prior literature. To explore the nonlinear behavior of R&D cost stickiness we include a quadratic term of exports in our model. Findings - The results of our analysis are as follows. First, we observed that R&D costs of export firms are more sticky than that of non-export firms. Our result indicated that export firms are less likely to reduce R&D costs in decreasing sales periods in preparation for future sales recovery. Second, our empirical evidence shows that export firms view R&D costs much favorably. However, we hypothesize that the effect of export intensity on R&D costs may not necessarily be linear. Our result shows the effect of exports intensity on R&D stickiness is thus nonlinear, forming a reverse U-shaped curve. When export intensity exceeds a certain threshold, the growth rate of R&D costs appears to be viewed negatively. Firms with relatively high export intensity do not support R&D costs, viewing them as taking away firms' resources from other more productive costs. On the contrary, those with export intensity under the threshold view R&D costs as beneficial and therefore promote further R&D costs when revenue decreases. Originality/value - The results of this research can contribute academically to the expansion of empirical research on R&D cost stickiness. R&D cost stickiness varies by industry. As a result of our research, the managers of export firms recognize the importance of R&D to lead innovation. We expected that this research contributes to further studies on R&D costs and cost stickiness. Second, this research has implications from a business perspectives. Our findings of export firms' R&D stickiness suggest that export firms' managers should consider keeping the stickiness of R&D when revenue decreases because it is essential for exporting firms to maintain their R&D stickiness to secure long-term competitiveness. R&D stickiness can be used on a practical basis to emphasize the need for continuous investment in exporting firms' R&D activities.

• 지능정보연구
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.13-31
• /
• 2016

그동안 기업의 사회적 책임(CSR)관련 활동의 결과가 기업 성과에 미치는 단기적 및 장기적 영향에 대한 다양한 연구가 진행되었지만 그 결과는 일관되지 못한데 그 주된 원인은 기업의 사회적책임이라고 하는 개념의 불일치였다. 따라서 본 연구는 온라인 뉴스와 같은 비정형 공개 데이터로부터 기업의 사회적책임에 관련한 키워드를 텍스트 마이닝 기법을 사용하여 추출하고 그 개념에 대한 통계치와 기업 성과와의 관계성을 이해하려고 했다. 이를 위해 개념과 관련한 키워드는 뉴욕타임즈와 구글 스칼러에서 CSR이라고 하는 단어로 검색한 비정형 데이터로부터 인식하였다. 그런 다음 점검 대상이 되는 기업에 대한 글이 실려 있는 온라인 문서를 수집하여 기업의 사회적 책임과 기업 단기적 및 장기적 성과 사이의 인과관계를 분석하였다. 그 결과, 기업의 사회적 책임에 대한 전문적인 평가 보고서의 도움 없이도 본 연구에서 개발한 기업의 사회적 책임 인덱스만으로 기업의 단기적 성과에는 영향이 없지만 장기적 성과와는 통계적으로 유의하게 정비례관계가 있는 것이 밝혀졌다. 본 연구는 빅데이터 분석을 통해 효율적이고 의미 있는 기업의 사회적 책임 평가 방법을 개발한 첫 번째 시도라는 의미가 있다.

• Spatial Information Research
• /
• 제18권5호
• /
• pp.63-74
• /
• 2010

본 연구는 비도시지역 디지털 지리정보구축 추진을 위한 중장기 기본계획안에 대한 연구를 수행하여 도출된 제도적 기반 확립을 통해, 비도시지역을 중심으로 한 디지털 지리정보구축을 토대로 전국토가 세계화 개방화 정보화 시대에 대응할 수 있도록 기초자치단체의 정보화를 강화하고자 하는데 그 목적이 있다. 중장기 계획안은 1/1,000 수치지도와 영상지도, 수치표고모형을 동시에 제작함으로써 1단계에서 디지털 지리정보 구축 및 유지관리 조직 구성, 비도시지역 공간정보인프라 구축, 관련법규 정비 및 지역협의회 구성의 기반정보를 구축하고, 2단계에서는 디지털 지리정보 구축확산, 지리정보유통 활성화, 공간데이터웨어하우스 구축, 도시계획종합관리시스템 구축 및 3차원공간정보시스템 구축의 정보화 확산 및 3단계에서는 지리정보 현행화 및 유지관리, 부가가치정보 생산, 행정업무의 고도화 및 대민서비스 극대화를 통한 정보 고도화를 실현함으로써 시군구/시도/중앙정부의 통합지리정보의 기반이 되는 지리정보를 구축 방안을 제시하고자 한다.

• 문화기술의 융합
• /
• 제3권4호
• /
• pp.137-144
• /
• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 패션기업의 SCM(Supply Chain Management) 환경에서 B2B 관계 구축에 영향을 미치는 CRM(Customer Relationshio Management)요소들을 밝히는 것이다. 특히 이러한 CRM 요소들이 기업간 권력구조와 관계없이 비즈니스의 모든 영역에서 유의한 효과가 있는지 탐색적으로 살펴보고자 한다. 이를 위해 질적연구방법과 양적연구방법을 병행한 통합적 접근법을 이용하여 탐색적 연구가 진행되었다. 패션기업에 근무하는 전문가 5명을 대상으로 하여 심층면접을 실시하였으며 이를 통해 연구모형을 구성하였다. 그리고 설문지를 통하여 이러한 모델을 실증적으로 검증하기 위한 양적연구를 진행하였다. 그 결과 첫째, 패션기업 간 거래유형에 따라 장기지향적 관계/충성도, 전환 비용에 영향을 미치는 CRM의 모형이 구성되었다. 둘째, 구성된 연구모형을 양적으로 검증한 결과 변수 간 인과관계는 부분적으로 지지되었다. 구체적으로 기업간 관계구축에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 CRM요인은 매출보장과 특별할인이었다. 또한 고객화된 제품과 품질, 편의성, 경쟁력 있는 가격, 제품/시스템/서비스 개발과 같은 요소들이 관계 구축 및 전환비용 상승에 영향을 미칠 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.363-377
• /
• 2016

The introduction of the BIM into the architectural service industry is currently not being conducted smoothly. The purpose of this research is to, considering the current state of the market, establish long-term strategies that will enable the BIM to successfully settle. The survey has been conducted in target of architects in order to understand pending issues. Additionally, the articles regarding BIM have been researched for the purpose of better understanding the current societal demands. Indicated by survey results, the architects agree to a certain extent upon the need of BIM for architectural designs, yet also express concerns that the BIM introduction does not guarantee betterment in efficiency. The problematic aspects of BIM introduction that have already been discussed in some policy-related studies include a multitude of complicated issues that are unable to be resolved within a short period of time: underdeveloped BIM infra, the limit of BIM software itself, political issues regarding licensing and lack of social awareness. Based on the issues mentioned above, three main areas of focus along with their respective practical strategies and tasks have been designated. Finally, this research has analyzed the current situation and its issues along with the political solutions of 12 projects, amongst which include the standard for plan drawings, licensing system improvement, cost standard and BIM introduction support. Finally this research has analyzed the current situations and its' issues along with the political solutions of 12 projects, amongst them are the standard for plan drawings, licensing system improvement, cost standard and BIM introduction support.