• Title/Summary/Keyword: long lasting

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Autonomic, Respiratory and Subjective Effects of Long-term Exposure to Aversive Loud Noise : Tonic Effects in Accumulated Stress Model

  • Sohn, Jin-Hun;Sokhadze, Estate;Choi, Sang-Sup;Lee, Kyung-Hwa
    • Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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    • v.2 no.2
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    • pp.37-42
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    • 1999
  • Long-term exposure to loud noise affects performance since it changes arousal level, distracts attention, and also is able to evoke subjective stress accompanied by negative emotional states. The purpose of the study was to analyze dynamics of subjective and physiological variables during a relatively long-lasting (30 min) exposure to white noise (85 dB[A]). Physiological signals were recorded on 15 college students during 30 min of intense auditory stimulation. Autonomic variables, namely skin conductance level , non-specific SCR number, inter-best intervals in ECG, heart rate variability index (HF/LF ratio of HRV), skin temperature, as well as respiration rate were analyzed on 5 min epoch basis. Psychological assessment (subjective rating of stress level) was also repeated every 5 min. Statistical analysis was employed to trace the time course of the dynamics of subjective and autonomic physiological variables and their relationships. Results showed that the intense noise evoked subjective stress as well as associated autonomic nervous system responses. However it was shown that physiological variables endured specific changes in the process of exposure to the loud white noise. Discussed were probable psychophysiological mechanisms mediating reactivity to long-term auditory stimulation of high intensity, namely short-term activation, followed by transient adaptation (with relatively stable autonomic balance) and then a subsequent wave of arousal due to tonic sympathetic dominance.

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Economic Development, Globalization, Political Risk and CO2 Emission: The Case of Vietnam

  • VU, Thi Van;HUANG, De Chun
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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    • v.7 no.12
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    • pp.21-31
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    • 2020
  • This study investigates the dynamic effects of economic development, international cooperation, electricity consumption, and political risk on the escalation of CO2 emission in Vietnam. We adopted autoregressive distributed lag model and Granger causality method to examine the interaction between CO2 and various economic and political factors, including foreign direct investment, trade openness, economic growth, manufacture, electricity consumption, and political risk in Vietnam since the economic revolution in 1986. The findings reflect opposite influence between these factors and the level of CO2 in the intermediate and long-term durations. Accordingly, foreign direct investment and CO2 emission have a bidirectional relationship, in which foreign direct investment accelerates short-term CO2 emission, but reduces it in the long run through an interactive mechanism. Moreover, economic development increases the volume of CO2 emission in both short and long run. There was also evidence that political risk has a negative effect on the environment. Overall, the findings confirm lasting negative environmental effects of economic growth, trade liberalization, and increased electricity consumption. These factors, with Granger causality, mutually affect the escalation of CO2 in Vietnam. In order to control the level of CO2, more efforts are required to improve administrative transparency, attract high-quality foreign investment, and decouple the environment from economic development.

Comprehension of Capsaicin for a Experimental Part of Physical Therapy (물리치료의 실험적 측면에 대한 Capsaicin의 이해)

  • Kim, Dong-Hyun;Kim, Jin-Sang
    • The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.219-227
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    • 2001
  • Capsaicin. a vanillyl amide(8-methy1-N-vanilly1-6-nonenamide) with a molecular weight of 305.42, was substance, interrupting the pain conducting pathway Until recently the neurotoxic effects of Capsaicin to adult animals were thought to be limited to the peripheral nervous system. But several reports suggest the possibility of central nervous system changes after Capsaicin administration to the adult rat. Capsaicin desensitization is defined as long lasting, reversible suppression of sensory neuron activity. How fast and for how long the desensitization develops is related to the dose and time of exposure to Capsaicin, and the interval between consecutive dosing. In the long term Capsaicin treatment can lead to morphological degeneration and changes in some small sensory neurons, predominantly unmyelinated C fiber afferent nerve fibers. Clinical interest has recently been roused by evidence that Capsaicin's desensitizing action may be of therapeutic value and that an endogenous Capsaicin-1 ike substance may exist. This study summarizes the fundamental knowledge(mechanism, receptors, et al of Capsaicin) of Capsaicin for physical therapists.

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Analysis of Gendered Job Sequence through Optimal Matching (최적일치법을 이용한 남녀간 직업 배열의 분석)

  • Han, Joon
    • Journal of Labour Economics
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    • v.24 no.1
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    • pp.149-176
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    • 2001
  • This paper analyzes job sequences of men and women using optimal matching in order to find patterns of intra-generational mobility in Korean society. Men and women differ in their job careers: men show long-lasting job sequences with few gaps, while women either have short careers or have interrupted careers with long gaps. Long gaps in men's career are limited to those cases in which men move from agricultural to other job. The results from a combination of optimal matching and cluster analysis show that men's job sequences cluster around major occupations while women's cluster in terms of sequence length. The interrupted careers characteristic of women are considered to be consequent on the burdens of house keeping and child raising together with the discrimination against women pursuing careers.

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A Causality Test on Hairtail Prices among Import and Domestic Markets Using a Vector Error Correction Model(VECM) (오차수정모형을 이용한 갈치 시장가격 간의 인과관계 분석)

  • Kim, Kyu-Min;Kim, Do-Hoon
    • Ocean and Polar Research
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    • v.40 no.1
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    • pp.49-58
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    • 2018
  • This study aimed to analyze the causality of hairtail prices among import and domestic distribution channels using a Vector Error Correction Model(VECM). The results are as follows. First, since the ADF unit-root test suggests that each of the price variables, apart from retail price, has a unit root, the price variables should be 1st-differenced to secure the stability of the prices. Next, through the Johansen co-integration test, it was discovered that there are long-term relationships among the price variables. On the basis of the co-integration test, VECM analysis shows that the producer price has a long-run balance with the import and wholesale prices. In particular, when the prices deviate from the balance, the producer price dynamically adjusts to return to the long-term relationship among prices. It also indicates that the producer price has an impact on the import, wholesale, and retail prices in the short-term, and the import price has an influence on the producer and wholesale prices. In addition, the impulse response analysis demonstrates that the impulse of import and producer prices has a lasting impact on each of the prices.

Channel change of the Naesung Stream during 2012~201 (2012~2016년 기간 내성천의 하도 변화)

  • Lee, Chanjoo;Kim, Donggu;Kim, Ji-Sung
    • Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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    • 2017.05a
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    • pp.333-333
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    • 2017
  • Recently, long-lasting landscape of the Naesung Stream has been changed due to encroachment of vegetation. To analyze patterns and causes of these changes, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology (KICT) has been carried out long-term monitoring research for the 56.8 km long study reach of the Naeseong Stream. Using the consecutive airborne LiDAR survey data obtained from 2012~2016, changes of channel bed forms such as bars could be detected. For the last four years of monitoring, mid-channel bars has been formed along the straight reaches and the existing bars showed vertical accretion caused by deposition on the vegetated surfaces.

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Eclectic rehabilitation for bell's palsy: A case report

  • Jha, Jyoti;Khan, Huma;Zaidi, Sahar
    • CELLMED
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    • v.12 no.3
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    • pp.11.1-11.5
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    • 2022
  • Bell's Palsy is one of the most common mononeuropathies or disorders affecting a single nerve and is associated with facial nerve weakness and paralysis. Though self-limiting the disorder may leave its long-lasting residual manifestations in the form of abnormal facial symmetry, inability to close the eyes, and other poor outcomes leading to disability and impairment in societal functioning among patients. Treatment strategies include pharmacological, surgical, and therapeutic options and to limit the long-term devastating effects therapeutic options play a vital role. Physiotherapeutic techniques have been widely used among patients with Bell's Palsy but not all techniques are performed in combination. One is compared with the other and also for short durations. We planned this study to see the outcome of combined techniques available in Physiotherapy on a patient with long-term follow-up. This is a case of 38 years old male patient diagnosed with right-sided bell palsy who received 7 weeks of rehabilitation in the form of electrotherapy, facial exercises, facial PNF, massage, and education on eye care. The implementation of 7 weeks of physiotherapeutic rehabilitation led to improved facial functions and a reduction in the level of disability in the patient.

How Long Will Your Videos Remain Popular? Empirical Study with Deep Learning and Survival Analysis

  • Min Gyeong Choi;Jae Hong Park
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • v.33 no.2
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    • pp.282-297
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    • 2023
  • One of the emerging trends in the marketing field is digital video marketing. Online videos offer rich content typically containing more information than any other type of content (e.g., audible or textual content). Accordingly, previous researchers have examined factors influencing videos' popularity. However, few studies have examined what causes a video to remain popular. Some videos achieve continuous, ongoing popularity, while others fade out quickly. For practitioners, videos at the recommendation slots may serve as strong communication channels, as many potential consumers are exposed to such videos. So,this study will provide practitioners important advice regarding how to choose videos that will survive as long-lasting favorites, allowing them to advertise in a cost-effective manner. Using deep learning techniques, this study extracts text from videos and measured the videos' tones, including factual and emotional tones. Additionally, we measure the aesthetic score by analyzing the thumbnail images in the data. We then empirically show that the cognitive features of a video, such as the tone of a message and the aesthetic assessment of a thumbnail image, play an important role in determining videos' long-term popularity. We believe that this is the first study of its kind to examine new factors that aid in ensuring a video remains popular using both deep learning and econometric methodologies.

Simultaneous and Systemic Knock-down of Big Defensin 1 and 2 gene Expression in the Pacific Oyster Crassostrea gigas using Long Double-stranded RNA-mediated RNA Interference

  • Jee, Bo Young;Kim, Min Sun;Cho, Mi Young;Lee, Soon Jeong;Park, Myung Ae;Kim, Jin Woo;Choi, Seung Hyuk;Jeong, Hyun Do;Kim, Ki Hong
    • Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.17 no.3
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    • pp.377-380
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    • 2014
  • RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated transcriptional knock-down of Crassostrea gigas big defensin 1 and 2 genes (Cg-BigDef1 and Cg-BigDef2) was investigated. The cDNA sequences of Cg-BigDef1 and Cg-BigDef2 were identical, excluding an additional fragment of 20 nucleotides in Cg-BigDef1; thus, a long double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) targeting the mRNA of Cg-BigDef2 effectively downregulated both Cg-BigDef2 and Cg-BigDef1. In addition, long dsRNA targeting green fluorescent protein (GFP) did not affect transcription of the two big defensin genes. These results suggest that the transcriptional downregulation of Cg-BigDef1 and Cg-BigDef2 was mediated by sequence-specific RNA interference (RNAi). Despite injection of long dsRNA targeting Cg-BigDef2 into only the adductor muscle, knock-down of Cg-BigDef1 and Cg-BigDef2 was observed in the adductor muscle, hemocytes, mantle, and gills, suggestive of systemic spread of RNAi in C. gigas. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of dsRNA persisted until 72 h post-injection, indicative of a long-lasting RNAi-mediated knock-down of target genes.

Environmental Impact Assessment in Urban Planning (도시계획과 환경영향평가)

  • Yong, Chung
    • Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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    • v.2 no.2
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    • pp.1-11
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    • 1993
  • Most developing countries are experiencing rapid urbanization and the associated growth of industry and services. Cities are currently absorbing two-thirds of the total population in the developing world. Korea has about 85 percent of urban dwellers. World population will shift from being predominantly rural to predominantly urban around the turn of the century. Although cities play a key role in development process and make more than a proportionate contribution to national economic growth, especially cities are also the main catalysts of economic growth in developing countries, they can also be unhealthy, inefficient, and inequitable places to live. Most developing countries are increasingly unable to provide basic environmental infrastructure and services, whether in the megacities or in secondary urban centers. Of particular concern is the strain on natural resources brought by the increasing number of people, cars, and factories. They are generating ever greater amounts of urban wastes and emissions. They also exceed the capacity of regulatory authorities to control them and of nature to assimilate them. The environmental consequences are translated into direct negative impacts on human health, the quality of life, the productivity of the city, and the surrounding ecosystems. Environmental degradation threatens the long tenn availability and quality of natural resources critical to economic growth. Cities, with their higher and growing per capita energy use for domestic, industrial, and transport purpose also contribute a disproportionate share of the emission leading to global warming and acid rain. An important priority is to develop strategic approaches for managing the urban environment. The design of appropriate and lasting strategic responses requires first an understanding of the underlying causes of urban environmental deterioration, it is necessary that longer tenn objectives should be set for urban area to avoid irreversible ecological damage and to ensure lasting economic development. As a means to the preventive policies against the adverse effect, environmental impact assessment (EIA) serve to identify a project's possible environmental consequences early enough to allow their being taken into consideration in the decision making process for urban planning. This paper describes some considerations of EIA for urban planning-scoping, assessment process, measurement and prediction of impacts, pollution controls and supervision, and system planning for environmental preservation.

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