• Title/Summary/Keyword: logP

Search Result 1,884, Processing Time 0.028 seconds

Cultural Characteristics and Log-Mediated Cultivation of the Medicinal Mushroom, Phellinus linteus

  • Hur, Hyun
    • Mycobiology
    • /
    • v.36 no.2
    • /
    • pp.81-87
    • /
    • 2008
  • The optimal conditions for mycelial growth of Phellinus linteus ATCC 26710 were determined to be a log length of 20 cm, temperature of $30^{\circ}C$ and pH of 6.0. Mycelial growth was excellent on the mushroom complete medium, and was optimal when sucrose, man nose and glucose were supplied as carbon sources. Potassium nitrate and sodium nitrate as nitrogen sources supported good mycelial growth. To evaluate P. linteus mycelial colonization on logs, sterilized short log inoculation, drilling inoculation and log-end sandwich inoculation techniques were used. Only sterilized short log inoculation produced good mycelial colonization. Initial mycelial growth and full mycelial colonization were best on 20 cm logs having 42% moisture content. The initial mycelial growth of P. linteus was accelerated over 12hr of sterilization. Basidiocarp formation was optimal using a burying method of logs after $5{\sim}6$ months, and fruiting body formation was superior in cultivation house conditions of $31{\sim}35^{\circ}C$ and in excess of 96% relative humidity.

Log-transformed plasma level of brain natriuretic peptide during the acute phase of Kawasaki disease is quantitatively associated with myocardial dysfunction

  • Bang, Sun-Hee;Yu, Jeong-Jin;Han, Myung-Ki;Ko, Hong-Ki;Chun, Sa-Il;Choi, Hyung-Soon;Kim, Young-Hwue;Ko, Jae-Kon;Park, In-Sook
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
    • /
    • v.54 no.8
    • /
    • pp.340-344
    • /
    • 2011
  • Purpose: Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) has been considered a biochemical marker for myocarditis in Kawasaki disease. We performed this study to determine its quantitative significance. Methods: We attempted to correlate log-transformed BNP concentrations (log-BNP) and clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic variables in 81 children with Kawasaki disease. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the variables independently associated with log-BNP concentration. Results: Serum C-reactive protein level (P<0.0001), serum alanine aminotransferase concentration (P =0.0032), white blood cell count (P=0.0030), and left ventricular mass index (P=0.0024) were positively related with log-BNP, and hemoglobin level (P<0.0001), serum albumin level (P<0.0001), $Na^+$ concentrations (P<0.0001), left ventricular fractional shortening (P=0.0080), and peak early diastolic tissue velocity of the left ventricular basal lateral segment (P=0.0045) were negatively related to the log-BNP concentration. Multiple regression analysis showed that serum albumin concentration ($R_2$=0.31, P=0.0098) and left ventricular mass index ($R_2$=0.09, P=0.0004) were significantly associated with the log-BNP concentration. Conclusion: Elevated BNP levels during the acute phase of Kawasaki disease may be attributable to cardiac dysfunction associated with the increase in left ventricular mass, and log-BNP concentration may be a quantitative biochemical marker of myocarditis in Kawasaki disease.

The study for compressibility of reconsititued Busan clay (부산점토 재성형 시료의 압축특성에 관한 연구)

  • Hong, Sung-Jin;Lee, Moon-Joo;Choi, Young-Min;Kim, Min-Tae;Lee, Woo-Jin
    • Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
    • /
    • 2009.09a
    • /
    • pp.1141-1146
    • /
    • 2009
  • The compressibility of clay has been expressed e-log p' graph. In natural clay, e-log p' graph are changed by deposition condition and chemical cementation as well as Atterberg limits, whereas in reconstituted clay, it is generally known that e-log p’ curve is varied with Atterberg limits. However, e-log p' graph is possible to change according to the reconstituting methods and test conditions. In this study, consolidation tests are performed as various test condition for reconstituted Busan clay. Test results show that the relationship e/$e_L$ and log p' is almost constant with $e_L$. And the compression index obtained from slurry method sample is larger than one obtained from kneading method sample. Intrinsic compression line (ICL) of Busan clay is identical with ICL suggested by Burland.

  • PDF

Kinetics of the Reaction of Phenacyl Bromide with Anilines in Methanol and Dimethylformamide (Phenacyl Bromide와 置換아닐린類와의 反應에 關한 反應速度論的 硏究)

  • Soo-Dong Yoh;Doo-Jung Kim
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
    • /
    • v.25 no.6
    • /
    • pp.376-382
    • /
    • 1981
  • The rates and the activation parameters for the reaction of phenacyl bromide with substituted anilines in methanol and dimethylformamide were measured. The effects of substituted anilines were discussed. The rate of the reaction was increased with the electron donating power of substituent and showed larger value in DMF than in MeOH. The isokinetic relationship was shown between ${\delta}H^{\neq}$ and ${\delta}S^{\neq}$, isokinetic temperature was 539 and $400^{\circ}C$ in MeOH and DMF respectively, but p-nitro aniline was deviated from linearity in both solvents caused by solvent effects. The excellent linear relationship between log k and p$K_a$ of substituted anilines was observed by following equation. log k = 0.57p$K_a$-1.28 (r = 0.996) in MeOH at $45^{\circ}C$, log k = 0.65p$K_a$-0.88 (r = 0.970) in DMF at $45^{\circ}C$. From the Hammett plot, this reaction was a nucleophilic displacement of aniline to phenacyl bromide and the following equation was obtained at $45^{\circ}C$. log k/$k_0$ = -2.00${\sigma}$ + 0.06 (r = 0.985) in MeOH; log k/$k_0$ = -2.22${\sigma}$ + 0.08 (r = 0.995) in DMF. Large deviation of p-nitro aniline in DMF is resulted from solvent effects too. From above results, the substituent effect of this reaction can be described as $S_N2$ mechanism and bond formation more proceeds in DMF relative to MeOH.

  • PDF

Relationship of Somatic Cell Count, Physical, Chemical and Enzymatic Properties to the Bacterial Standard Plate Count in Different Breeds of Dairy Goats

  • Ying, Chingwen;Yang, Cheng-Bin;Hsu, Jih-Tay
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
    • /
    • v.17 no.4
    • /
    • pp.554-559
    • /
    • 2004
  • The objective of the present study was to investigate the accuracy of mastitis diagnostic indicators for different dairy goat breeds. Biweekly milk samples were collected from individual half mammary gland of seven Saanen and seven Alpine dairy goats in the period of 40 to 120 days in milk. With threshold value set at 2.8 and 3.1 for Alpine and Saanen dairy goats, respectively, log (SPC) offered good sensitivity (0.89, 0.93), specificity (0.88, 0.95), positive predictive value (0.75, 0.85) and negative predictive value (0.95, 0.98) as a mastitis diagnostic tool. The correlations of log (SPC) with milk yield, log (SCC), ALP, LDH, $Na^{+}$, $K^{+}$ and EC were significant in Saanen dairy goats (p<0.05), with the highest correlation coefficient (0.653) existing between log (SPC) and log (SCC). The correlations of log (SPC) with milk yield, milk fat, milk protein, log (SCC), $Na^{+}$, $K^{+}$, EC were significant in Alpine dairy goats (p<0.05), with the highest correlation coefficient (0.416) existing between log (SPC) and log (SCC). There were different best-fit regression equations with different multiple diagnostic indicators for Saanen and Alpine dairy goats. In conclusion, different breeds of dairy goats may have to adapt different mastitis diagnostic parameters for a better diagnosis.

Gas-particle Partitioning of Organochlorine Pesticides in Atmosphere (대기 중 유기염소계 살충제의 가스-입자 분배)

  • Choi, Min-Kyu;Chun, Man-Young
    • Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
    • /
    • v.23 no.4
    • /
    • pp.457-465
    • /
    • 2007
  • This study was performed to estimate the gas-particle partitioning of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in atmosphere, the samples were collected by PUF high volume air sampler for two years from June, 2000 to June, 2002. The gas phase fraction of ${\alpha/\gamma}-HCH$, heptachlor epoxide, ${\alpha/\gamma}-chlordane$ and trans-nonachlor was over 90%. But the gas phase fraction of ${\beta}-HCH$, p,p'-DDE, endosulfan sulfate, p,p'-DDD and p,p'-DDT was range of 20% through 80%, which means the gas phase fraction of OCPs components described above is sensitive to temperature. The correlation between the gas phase fraction and molecular weight of each OCPs component was not found in this research. The slope of regression line between gas-particle partitioning coefficient(${\log}K_p$) and subcooled liquid vapor(${\log}{P^o}_L$), gal-particle partitioning coefficient(${\log}K_p$) and octanol-air partitioning coefficient(${\log}K_{oa}$) which show -0.54 and 0.43 was not steep. So the equilibrium state between gas and particle was not reached and in this state the particulate fraction was low.

Study of Protonation Behaviour and Distribution Ratios of Hydroxamic Acids in Hydrochloric and Perchloric Acid Solutions Through Hammett Acidity Function, Bunnett-Olsen and Excess Acidity Method

  • Agarwal, Manisha;Singh, Priyanka;Pande, Rama
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
    • /
    • v.57 no.2
    • /
    • pp.164-171
    • /
    • 2019
  • The protonation parameters, dissociation constants ($pK_{BH^+}$) of conjugate acid, slope values (m, ${\phi}$ and $m^*$) and correlation coefficients (r) of hydroxamic acids were determined by Hammett acidity function method, Bunnett-Olsen method and excess acidity method in hydrochloric and perchloric acid solutions. Effect of acid concentration on partition and percentage protonation was also studied. $pK_{BH^+}$ values show that hydroxamic acids do not behave as Hammett bases, but hydroxamic acids behave as weak bases in strong acidic solutions. The values of $pK_{BH^+}$ obtained through Bunnett-Olsen method and excess acidity method were compared with the Hammett acidity function. ChemAxon's MarvinSketch 6.1.5 software was also used for determining $pK_a$, pI and microspecies distribution (%) of hydroxamic acids with pH. Hydrogen donor and acceptor values and logD were also obtained. The results show that N-p-chlorophenyl-4-bromobenzohydroxamic acid has the highest $pK_a$ and lowest logD values. On the contrary, N-phenyl-3,5-dinitrobenzohydroxamic acid has lowest the $pK_a$ and highest logD values.

Model Development for Estimating Total Arsenic Contents with Chemical Properties and Extractable Heavy Metal Contents in Paddy Soils (논토양의 이화학적 특성 및 침출성 중금속 함량을 이용한 비소의 전함량 예측)

  • Lee, Jeong-Mi;Go, Woo-Ri;Kunhikrishnan, Anitha;Yoo, Ji-Hyock;Kim, Ji-Young;Kim, Doo-Ho;Kim, Won-Il
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
    • /
    • v.45 no.6
    • /
    • pp.920-924
    • /
    • 2012
  • This study was performed to estimate total contents of arsenic (As) by stepwise multiple-regression analysis using chemical properties and extractable contents of metal in paddy soil adjacent to abandoned mines. The soil was collected from paddies near abandoned mines. Soil pH, electrical conductively (EC), organic mater (OM), available phosphorus ($P_2O_5$), and exchangeable cations (Ca, K, Mg, Na) were measured. Total contents of As and extractable contents of metals were analyzed by ICP-OES. From stepwise analysis, it was showed that the contents of extractable As, available phosphorus, extractable Cu, exchangeable K, exchangeable Na, and organic mater significantly influenced the total contents of As in soil (p<0.001). The multiple linear regression models have been established as Log (Total-As) = 0.741 + 0.716 Log (extractable-As) - 0.734 Log (avail-$P_2O_5$) + 0.334 Log (extractable-Cu) + 0.186 Log (exchangeable-K) - 0.593 Log (exchangeable-Na) + 0.558 Log (OM). The estimated value in total contents of As was significantly correlated with the measured value in soil ($R^2$=0.84196, p<0.0001). This predictive model for estimating total As contents in paddy soil will be properly applied to the numerous datasets which were surveyed with extractable heavy metal contents based on Soil Environmental Conservation Act before 2010.

A NOTE ON THE q-ANALOGUE OF KIM'S p-ADIC log GAMMA TYPE FUNCTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH q-EXTENSION OF GENOCCHI AND EULER NUMBERS WITH WEIGHT α

  • Araci, Serkan;Acikgoz, Mehmet;Park, Kyoung Ho
    • Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
    • /
    • v.50 no.2
    • /
    • pp.583-588
    • /
    • 2013
  • In this paper, we introduce the $q$-analogue of $p$-adic log gamma functions with weight alpha. Moreover, we give a relationship between weighted $p$-adic $q$-log gamma functions and $q$-extension of Genocchi and Euler numbers with weight alpha.

Calculation and Analysis of Hydrophobicity of the Dyes Synthesized for Unmodified Polypropylene Fibers Using Molecular Descriptors

  • Kim, Tae-Kyeong;Jang, Kyung-Jin;Jeon, Seon-Hee
    • Textile Coloration and Finishing
    • /
    • v.21 no.5
    • /
    • pp.21-26
    • /
    • 2009
  • In order to analyze numerically the hydrophobicity of the new dyes synthesized for unmodified pure polypropylene fibers, the octanol-water partition coefficient (logP), which is one of molecular descriptors representing hydrophobicity of organic compounds, was obtained by a semi-empirical method using Chem3D software. For the dyes of higher logP than around 5, the affinity of the dyes towards unmodified polypropylene fiber was substantial. In contrast to the new dyes for polypropylene, conventional disperse dyes have logP values lower than 5 and exhibited poor affinity.