• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1994.11a
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• pp.127-133
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• 1994

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.463-467
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• 1995

In vitro metabolism study of ${\alpha}$-endosulfan by liver and kidney microsomal cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase system of the mouse(Balb/C) was performed. ${\alpha}$-Endosulfan was metabolized to endosulfan lactone(EL), endosulfan hydroxyether(EHE), endosulfan alcohol(EA), endosulfan sulfate(ES), endosulfan ether(EE) and ${\beta}$-endosulfan(${\beta}$-E). The main metabolites of ${\alpha}$-endosulfan were EL(13.2%) and EA(11.5%) in liver microsome and EA(17.4%) md EHE(19.3%) in kidney microsome. The $^{14}C$-activity of organic extractable fraction and water soluble fraction were 63.4% and 31.7% in liver micosome incubates respectively. The water soluble metabolites were EA(83.9%), EHE(4.5%) and ES(2.3). Piperonyl butoxide treatment inhibited the formation of EE by 86%, EA by 92% and EHE, EL and ES were barely formed.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.99-113
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• 2008

In this study, the author experimented the influence of five herbal medicines, which are Lonicera japonica Thunb, Paeonia suffruticosa Andr., Fraxinus rhynchophylla Hance, Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, Scutellaria baicalensis George which are called 'Chungyulyak(淸熱藥)' on drug metabolizing enzyme cytochrome P450 3A4 in Human Liver Microsome. Above all, the reason for this study is that herbal medicines can be assumed that herbs might have interactions with drugs, other herbs, alcohol and chemicals whether those are much better synergy effects than expected effects when the medicine was treated alone or not. As a result, we showed that all of five traditional herbal medicines had no CYP 3A4 inhibition effect on 10, 20, 30, 40, $50{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ doses in Human Liver Microsome. However, this result are mostly not enough to prove that PMT has a CYP 3A4 inhibition effect. Moreover, it is not that those rates showed that those herbal medicines have CYP 3A4 induction effect. In conclusion, the result could support that those herbal medicines are more safe than chemical drugs even if this is the basic step to prove that result. Therefore, more specific studies to support this result, which are Kinetic study, cell and animal study then finally until clinical research, are required.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.87-92
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• 2000

This study was designed to investigate the effects og $10{\%},\;20{\%}\;and\;40{\%}$-addition of functional brown algae (FBA)-noodles on oxygen radicals and their scavenger enzymes in liver of Sprague-Dawley(SD) male rats. Hydroxyl radicals$({\cdot}OH)$ formations were significantly inhibited$(20{\~}35{\%}\;and\;12{\~}20{\%})$ in liver mitochondria and microsomes of rats administered $0{\%},\;20{\%}\;and\;40{\%}$ FBA-noodles compared with that of control group. Significant differences in $H_2O_2$ formations of liver microsome in these FBA-noodles fed groups could not be obtained, but superoxide-radical $(O_2^({\cdot}-))$ formations of liver cytosol resulted in a significant decrease about $10{\%}\;in\;20{\%}\;and\;40{\%}$ FBA-noodles compared with control group. Mn-SOD activities in liver mitochondria were significanlty increased $(10{\~}15{\%})$ in the groups fed $10{\%},\;20{\%}\;and\;40{\%}$ FBA-noodles, while a group administered $40{\%}$ FBA-noodle only resulted In a significant increases $(about 12{\%})$ in Mn-SOD activity of liver microsomes compared with control group. Cu, Zn-SOD activities in liver cytosol were significantly increased $(10{\~}20{\%})\;in\;10{\%},\;20{\%}\;and\;40{\%}$ FEA-noodles compared with control group. Administration of $10{\%},\;20{\%}\;and\;40{\%}$ FBA-noodles resulted in a marked increases$(20{\~}40{\%})$ in liver cytosolic glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) compared with control group. Significant differences in lipid peroxide (LPO) levels of mitochondria and microsomes in $10{\%}$ FBA-noodle could not be obtained, while LPO levels of $20{\%} and 40{\%}$ FBA-noodles were significantly inhibited about $10{\%}$ in mitochondria and microsomes compared with control group. These results suggest that these FBA-noodles may play a desirable role in attenuating an oxygen radical formations and increasing a scavenger enzymes activity by some brown algae (Undaria pinnatifida) components.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.417-424
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of the polysaccharide (GLP) obtained from the liquid cultured Ganoderma lucidum on the lipidperoxidation in a rat liver microsome and hepatotoxicity in the primary cultured rat hepatocytes. It is well known that the polysaccharide of Ganoderma lucidum exhibits hepatoprotective activity, antitumor activity etc., which many suggest a relationship to lipidperoxidation. The effect of GLP on $CCl_4-$ and galactosamineintoxicated cytotoxicity in the primary cultured rat hepatocytes were reduced the GPT value. In order to the estimate the effects of anti-lipidperoxidation of the polysaccharide, enzymatic and nonenzymatic reaction assays were performed, in vitro, in the rat liver microsome. An enzymatic lipidperoxidation reaction by $ADP+FeCl_3+NADPH$ and $CCl_4+NADPH$, GLP (1 mg/mL) inhibited 77.4% and 39.4%, respectively, and the nonenzymatic reaction displayed a 97.4% strongly inhibition. In the enzymatic and nonenzymatic inducers treated with GLP, the formation of malondialdehyde (MDA) progressively decreased by raising the GLP concentration. These results suggest that the anti-lipidperoxidation and radical scavenging activity of GLP may play an important part in the liver protection action.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.155-166
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• 1991

In order to evaluate a potential role of mitochondria in the mediation of toxicity of paraquat (PQ), submitochondrial particle and microsome of mouse liver were compared by oxygen radical generation and lipid peroxidation. With NADH in submitochondrial particle and NADPH in microsome as electron donors, PQ stimulated production of superoxide anion and $H_2O_2$ in both fractions. Under the same conditions, PQ enhanced the generation of ethylene from methional suggestiong stimulation of OH production by PQ. But these effects by PQ were somewhat lower in submitochondrial particle than in microsome. In addition, lipid peroxidation(measured as MDA production) was stimulated by PQ in both fractions. The stimulation of lipid peroxidation in both fractions seemed to occur by the same mechanism probably through perferryl ion. This was supported by the following findings: i) The lipid peroxidation in both fractions was partially inhibited by SOD and completely inhibited by DETAPAC(an iron chelator) but not by catalase or OH scavenger. ii) Addition of $ADP-Fe^{3+}$ further increased PQ-induced lipid peroxidation but decreased ethylene production from methional suggesting no correlation between OH production and lipid peroxidation. The redox-cycling of PQ in mitochondria appeared to be linked to NADH dehydrogenase, not to CoQ since all of the observed stimulations by PQ in submitochondrial particle were inhibited by p-hydroxymercuribenzoate(a NADH dehydrogenase inhibitor) but not affected by other respiratory chain blockers. The above results demonstrate that redox-cycling properties of PQ leading to oxygen radical generation and lipid peroxidation can also occur in mitochondria in the same manner as in microsome. Therefore, the observed actions of PQ in mitochondria suggest that mitochondria may also contribute to toxicity of this drug in vivo.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1157-1163
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• 1996

Bangah, one of the herbs grown in Korea, was investigated for its antioxidant activity. The ether extracts of bangah herb was separated into neutral, phenolic, acidic and basic fractions and further separated into subfractions. Antioxidative activities were measured by hydrogen donating activity (HDA), peroxide value (POV), thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value and inhibition activity against lipid peroxidation of rat liver microsomes, The subfraction components were identified by GC/MS and NMR. Phenolic, though being very small in quantity, showed higher antioxidant activity at all assay system by hydrogen donating activity. POV, TBA value and inhibition activity against lipid peroxidation of rat liver microsomes. Five subfractions(P-1, P-2, P-3, P-4 and P-5) were fractionated from phenolic fraction of bangah herbs, and subfraction P-2 among them showed strong antioxidant activity on a level with BHT or gallic acid at each assay system. Four compounds (peak I, peak II, peak III and peak IV) were isolated by gas chromatogram of TMS derivatives of subfraction P-2 and thes compounds were confirmed to be phenolic substance having -OH and COOH group. There subfractions (N-1, N-2 and N-3) were fractionated from neutral fraction of bangah herbs, and subfraction N-2 among them showed highest antioxidant activity and inhibition activity against lipid peroxidation of rat liver microsomes. Subfraction N-2 was indentified to be estragole by H-NMR spectroscopy.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.240.1-240.1
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• 2001

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.312-318
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• 1998

Ihe purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidative effects of Rhodiola sachalinensis. Rhodiola methanol extract was fractionated sequentially with dichlorometha ne and butanol. Each Rhodiola fraction (water, MeOH, BuOH and $CH_2Cl_2$ fractions) showed the potent superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and had inhibitory effects on peroxide value of linoleic acid ($40{\sim}57%$) and lipid peroxidation ($47{\sim}70%$). In $Fe^{2+}$/ascorbate system-induced rat liver microsome. Rhodiola methanol extract also recovered carbon tetrachloride-induced decrease in SOD by 42% and catalase activities by 50%, and had inhibitory effects (54%) on carbon tetrachloride-induced lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsome. These results suggest that Rhodiola sachalinensis has the antioxidative effects.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of green tea catechins (GTC) on the lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase (SOD). GTC showed the high SOD activity, while sitgnificantly inhibited the peroxide value of linoleic acid (93%) and lipid peroxidation (84%) from rat liver microsomal fraction induced by Fe$^{2+}$ascorbate system. The effects of GTC on the SOD and catalase activities, and lipid peroxidation after oral administration were investigated. GTC (50 mg/kg) significantly increased SOD (62%) and catalase activities (75%), while significantly inhibited the lipid peroxidation (52%) of rat liver microsome in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that GTC has the antioxidative effect which is rotated to the prevention of aging and cancer.r.