• 대한수의학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.207-214
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• 2006

Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) continues to persist in many commercial layer farms in Korea,resulting in losses in egg production. Bacterins and live attenuated vaccines have been used for the prevention of losses caused by MG. One of these attenuated vaccines, MG 6/85 vaccine has been reported to be safe and efficacious in layers. However, MG 6/85 vaccine has not been evaluated for its safety and its efficacy in any commercial layer in Korea. Six-week-old specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens were vaccinated with MG 6/85 vaccine by aerosol and were challenged with virulent MG R strain at 4 weeks after vaccination. The vaccinated group was able to resist challenge into the air sacs because the vaccinated group showed much less air sac lesion compared with the unvaccinated group. Each of two commercial layer farms was divided into vaccinated and unvaccinated groups. For each vaccinated gorup, MG 6/85 vaccine were sprayed at 17 week old on farm A and at 15 weeks old on farm B. Hen-day egg production, Hen-housed eggs, egg weight, mortality were evaluated until 50 week after vaccination.Compared with the unvaccinated group in each farm, the vaccinated group showed higher average egg production and egg weight, and higher hen-housed number. Results of this study are in agreement with other previous reports which demonstrated that MG 6/85 vaccine favorable effect on performance in commercial layers.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.81-85
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• 2013

The mucosal surfaces are constantly exposed to incoming pathogens which can cause infections that result in severe morbidity and/or mortality. Studies have reported that mucosal immunity is important for providing protection against these pathogens and that mucosal vaccination is effective in preventing local infections. For many years, the sublingual mucosa has been targeted to deliver immunotherapy to treat allergic hypersensitivities. However, the potential of vaccine delivery via sublingual mucosal has received little attention until recently. Recent studies exploring such potential have documented the safety and effectiveness of sublingual immunization, demonstrating the ability of sublingual immunization to induce both systemic and mucosal immune responses against a variety of antigens, including soluble proteins, inter particulate antigens, and live-attenuated viruses. This review will summarize the recent findings that address the promising potential of sublingual immunization in proving protection against various mucosal pathogens.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.127-133
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• 2009

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar gallinarum (S. gallinarum) is the agent of fowl typhoid, and the 9R vaccine is a commercial live vaccine for the prevention of fowl typhoid. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and immunogenicity of different brands of S. gallinarum 9R vaccine used in commercial laying chickens in Korea. All 9R strains originated from three different brands showed the same pattern in the biochemical and serological properties, and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profile. But, there was a difference in rhamnose fermentaion, agglutination with Salmonella group $D_1$ antiserum and PFGE pattern between 9R vaccine strain and field S. gallinarum isolates. In laboratory and field trials for assesment of safety and immunogenicity of 9R vaccine, all of the three 9R vaccines showed the same safety in commercial laying chickens. In addition, there was a significant difference between the vaccinated and unvaccinated control groups in mortality and the re-isolation rate of the challenge strain from the tissues (p < 0.05), and no difference by the brands of 9R vaccine. The results from this study indicated that all three different brands of S. gallinarum 9R vaccine showed highly protection against mortality and organ invasion in commercial laying chickens exposed to virulent strains of S. gallinarum.

• 한국미생물생명공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국미생물생명공학회 2000년도 추계 학술대회
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• pp.16-25
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• 2000

• 한국미생물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국미생물학회 1999년도 제39회 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.46.1-46.1
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• 1999

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2005년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
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• pp.226-226
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• 2005

• Infection and chemotherapy
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.311-318
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• 2018

Background: Zoster vaccination is recommended for people with a history of herpes zoster (HZ), but the most effective timing of vaccine administration after zoster illness is unresolved. This prospective observational study compared the immunogenicity and safety of administering HZ vaccine at 6-12 months and 1-5 years after zoster illness. Materials and Methods: Blood samples were collected before the administration of live zoster vaccine and 6 weeks after vaccination. Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) IgG concentrations and T-cell responses were assessed by glycoprotein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and interferon-${\gamma}$ enzyme-linked immunospot assay (ELISPOT), respectively. Results: The baseline geometric mean value (GMV) of VZV IgG was higher in the 6-12 months group than in the 1-5 years group (245.5 IU/mL vs. 125.9 IU/mL; P = 0.021). However, the GMV increased significantly in both groups (P = 0.002 in the 6-12 months group; P <0.001 in the 1-5 years group). The results of the ELISPOT assay were not significant for differences of the GMV between baseline and 6-week post-vaccination groups, while the GMV increased significantly in both groups (P = 0.001 in the 6-12 months group; P <0.001 in the 1-5 years group). Conclusion: The immunogenicity of zoster vaccine may be similar whether administered 6-12 months, or >1 year after zoster illness. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02704572

• 생약학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.32-38
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• 2012

To examine the potentiation of Macrolepiota procera extracts (MPE-4) to act as adjuvant enhancing the tumor specific anti-tumor immune response, tumor vaccine prepared by boiling (HK vaccine) admixed with MPE-4 and immunized in mice. Vaccination of mice with HK vaccine in combination with MPE-4 resulted in higher inhibition in tumor metastasis compared with the mice of HK vaccine alone treatment against live syngeneic tumor cell challenge. The splenocytes from mice immunized HK vaccine mixed with MPE-4 was able to elicit a stronger cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response as compared with HK vaccine alone. In addition, the splenocytes from MPE-4 admixed HK vaccine immunized mice secreted a higher concentration of Th1 type cytokine such as IFN-${\gamma}$, and GM-CSF. Furthermore, the adoptive transfer of splenocytes from mice immunized HK vaccine and MPE-4 led to a more robust anti-tumour response than the HK vaccine alone. Overall, these results indicate that MPE-4 is a good candidate adjuvant of anti-tumor immune response.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.241-251
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• 2002

Modified-live (ML) infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) vaccines have been widely used as a preventive measure in Korea since the first outbreak of ITL. Recently, it has been observed that chickens vaccinated with the commercially available ML ILT vaccine have sometimes exhibited adverse clinical signs. In this study, we evaluated the quality of the vaccines by comparing titer of each vaccine batch and testing the stability of ILT virus (ILTV) in vaccine diluents and compared the safety and efficacy of vaccines in specific pathogen free (SPF) chickens. The ratio of maximum titer to minimum titer of vaccine produced by most manufacturers was 2 to 15. However, 2 out of 11 manufacturers produced vaccines of which the ratio was 74 to 478. Most vaccines examined were maintained vaccine titers suitable for national regulations within expiry date. However, some vaccines did not keep the titer required for the national regulations. In the test for stability of ILTV in various diluents, ILTV was highly stable in lactose-phosphate-glutamine-gelatin solution, sucrose-phophate-glutamine-albumin solution and some vaccine diluents produced by manufacturers. The safety of ML ILT vaccines was assessed in 10-day-old SPF chicks. Mortality in SPF chicks inoculated intratracheally with one dose of vaccine varied depending on vaccines and some vaccines produced 50-85% mortality. Seven-week-old SPF chickens were vaccinated intraocularly with ML ILT vaccines and then challenged intratracheally with ILT challenge virus 14 days after vaccination. The protection rate was assessed by clinical signs and reisolation of the ILT challenge virus from tracheas taken at day 4 after challenge. There were slight respiratory reactions in some vaccinated chickens after vaccination but these reactions disappeared within 5 days after vaccination. No further clinical signs and death were observed. Protection rate determined by clinical signs and mortality was 100% in all vaccinated groups. However, the challenge virus was isolated from all tracheas of chickens vaccinated with vaccine B or control groups. The challenge virus was also isolated in the trachea of one in five chickens vaccinated with either vaccine F or K, but not in tracheas of chickens vaccinated with other vaccines. In the present study, the stability of vaccine diluents, pathogenicity and protection rate based on reisolation test of the challenge virus were different depending on vaccines produced by eleven manufacturers.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.201-205
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• 2009

In this study, we evaluated the stability and potency of live attenuated rinderpest vaccines of lapinized-avianized tissue culture strain origin, which had been produced annually from 2005 to 2008. When immune responses to the vaccines were evaluated using two Holstein calves weighing 100~150 kg, neutralizing antibody titer of 1 : 16 was induced at 21 days post vaccination. When calves were also inoculated with vaccines lots that had been stored for 39 months at ${4^{\circ}C}$, same level of antibody titer was observed. Using the virus titer test, we found that all batches of the vaccine that had been kept for 3, 10, 15, 22, 27, 34, 39, and 45 months showed no significant loss of titers, and fulfilled the requirement necessary ($\geq$ 3 $logTCID_50$) to be used as the national rinderpest vaccine reserve in Korea. In this study, we demonstrated that stability and potency of the rinderpest vaccines were maintained over three years when kept at ${4^{\circ}C}$ storage. This indicates that it maybe feasible to extend the expiration period of this vaccine from one year to three years.