• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.3-8
• /
• 2012

Polyphenol-rich grape seeds have a beneficial effect on human health. The present study was performed to investigate the effects of grape seeds on antioxidant activities in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control diet group (C), a high-fat diet group (HF), a 5% grape seed-supplemented control diet group (G), and a 5% grape seed-supplemented high-fat diet group (HG). Dietary supplementation with grape seeds reduced serum concentrations of lipid peroxides compared with those in the C and HF groups. The hepatic level of lipid peroxides decreased significantly in the grape seed groups compared with that in the C and HF groups. Superoxide dismutase activity in the G group increased significantly compared with that in the C group. Catalase activity tended to be higher by feeding grape seeds. The grape seed diet increased glutathione peroxidase activity in the C group. Glutathione-S-transferase activity increased significantly in the G group compared with that in the C group. Hepatic content of total glutathione increased significantly in the HG group but decreased significantly in the HF group. The ratio of reduced glutathione and oxidized glutathione increased by feeding the grape seed diet. Total vitamin A concentration was significantly higher in HG group than in other groups. Liver tocopherol content of the G and HG groups was significantly higher than that of the control groups. These results suggest that dietary supplementation with grape seeds is beneficial for suppressing lipid peroxidation in high fat-fed rats.

• 한국양식학회지
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.157-165
• /
• 1992

양어 사료에 피드오일을 첨가하면 사료 효율이 향상된다. 나일틸라피아가 요구하는 필수 지방산의 종류를 알아보기 위하여 대두유 및 옥수수유 등의 식물유 및 오징어 간유, 어유를 사료에 첨가하고 사육하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. n-6 계열이 풍부한 식물유를 투여 한 실험구가 n-3 계열의 어유를 투여한 실험구 보다 성장이 좋았으며 그 중에서도 대두유 첨가구가 가장 양호하였다. 총 지질중의 20 : 3n-9의 수준은 유지의 종류에 따라 현저한 차이는 없었으나 극성 지질중의 20 : 3n-9의 수준은 어유 및 오징어 간유 보다는 식물유구에서 낮게 나타났다. 틸라피아 사료에 첨가하는 지질로서는 n-6 계열을 많이 포함하는 것이 적당할 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.198-204
• /
• 1994

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of the feeding mixture of linesed oil, rich in n-3 PUFA and the sunflower seed oil, rich in n-6 PUFA on the lipid metabolism in the dietary hypprlidemic rats. After male Sprague-Dawley rats were induced hyperlipidemia by feeding the diet containing lard, butter, and cholesterol for 3 weeks, then they were fed with the diet containing lard 3.0% and butter 12.0% for control, the mixture in different proportion of both linseed oil and sunflower seed oil, and antihyperlipidemic durgs for 2 weeks. Analysis of the lipid component and the fatty acid composition of the liver showed following results. Concentration s of the total cholesterol and phospholipid in liver were significantly higher in group 2 (olive oil 12.0%) and lower in the other groups than in the control group, especially lower in groups 3 (cholestyramine 2.0%) and 9 (sunflower seed oil 12.0%) . Concentration of triglyceride was lower in the other groups except group 4 (liparoid), especially lowe rin group 9 than in the control group. In the fatty acid composition of liver lipids, C18:2 was the major fatty acid. Contents of n-6 PUFA increased , while those of n-3 PUFA decreased in groups composition of the test lipids. From the data on concentration s of total cholesterol. Phospholipid and triglyceride in liver, we concluded that the feeding mixed with 3.0% lard and 12.0 % sunflower seed oil were most effective for the improvement of the live lipids. The fatty acid composition in liver lipids were affected by the fatty acid composition of the test lipids.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• 제18권6호
• /
• pp.1528-1531
• /
• 2009

In this study, we investigated a dose-dependent hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) from grape seeds. After induction of hyperlipidemia for 4 weeks, rats were supplemented with different dose (5, 25, and 50 mg/kg BW/day) of TRF for 1 week. Oral administration of TRF (50 mg/kg BW/day) decreased the plasma triglyceride (TG, 162.6 mg/dL), total cholesterol (TC, 83.7 mg/dL), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C, 20.3 mg/dL), malondialdehyde contents (MDA, 3.3 nmol/dL), and atherogenic index (AI, 2.0) compare to high-fat diet group. These data suggest that TRF supplementation has significant health benefits through the modulation of physiological functions that include various atherogenic lipid profiles and antioxidative status in hyperlipidemia.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.415-424
• /
• 1997

Serum lipid levels and fatty acid composition of serum phospholipids(PL) were investigated in 24 healthy male subjects who consumed either corn oil(CO) rich In linoleic acid(LA), perilla oil(PO) rich in $\alpha$-linolenic acid($\alpha$-LNA), or canola oil acid(OA) as a major fat source fir 5 weeks. The PO and the CNO groups showed significant(P <0.05) increases in serum high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C) levels and in ratios of HDL- C/total cholesterol(TC) compared with initial values measured at the beginning of the study. Significantly(p <0.05) increased concentrations of serum triglycerides(TG) ware observed after 5 weeks of the CO based diet compared with both its intial value and the concentration observed after 5 weeks with the PO-based diet. fatty acid composition of serum PL reflected changes in dietary fatty acid composition and metabolism. Compared with the initial levels, significandy increased contents of eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA) were observed in serum PL of the PO group and significantly increased contents of $\alpha$-LNA and EPA were observed in the CNO group. Arachidonic acid(AA) content of serum PL did not change in the CO group during the study period, although, the increase in LA was significant(P <0.05). Compared with the CO-based diet, both the PO and the CNO-based diets seem to have beneficial effects on atherosclerosis by influencing the serum lipid profile and fatty acid composition of serum PL.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제7권6호
• /
• pp.475-480
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant effect of fucoxanthin. After rats were fed a normal fat diet (NF), high fat diet (HF), and high fat with 0.2% fucoxanthin diet (HF + Fxn) for 4 weeks, the markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity like lipid peroxidation, plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and activities of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and gluthathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)) were determined. mRNA expression of transcription factor, nuclear erythroid factor like 2 (Nrf2), and its target genes such as NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase1 (NQO1) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were also determined. Mean weight gain in the HF + Fxn group was lower, without statistical significance, and the total food intake in the HF + Fxn group was lower than that in the HF group (P < 0.05). The activity of GSH-Px (P < 0.05) in plasma was significantly higher in the HF + Fxn group than those in the HF group (P < 0.05). In the liver, the activities of catalase (P < 0.05) and GSH-Px (P < 0.05) in the HF + Fxn group were significantly higher than those in the HF group. Plasma TAC level was significantly higher in the HF + Fxn group than that in the HF group (P < 0.05). Lipid peroxidation in plasma tended to be lower without statistical significance. Fucoxanthin supplements were shown to have higher mRNA expression of Nrf2 and NQO1 than those in the high fat diet only group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, supplementation of fucoxanthin improved the antioxidant capacity, depleted by high fat diet, by activating the Nrf2 pathway and its downstream target gene NQO1. Therefore, supplementation of fucoxanthin, especially for those who consume high fat in their diet, may benefit from reduced risk of oxidative stress.

• 대한한의학회지
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.54-63
• /
• 2003

Objectives : This study aimed to elucidate the effects of TBE on hyperlipidemia. Methods : We studied the effects of TBE on hyperlipidemia through gene expressions related with lipid metabolism and serum triglyceride as well as total and HDL-cholesterol levels, and perceived histological changes. Results : The present studies demonstrate that TBE can reduce the rise in plasma cholesterol and TG levels induced by a high-cholesterol diet and also reverse pre-established hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglycemia. In the TBE group total cholesterol levels decreased, TG levels decreased, but HDL-cholesterol levels also decreased. In the analysis of absolute and relative liver weight, TBE inhibited the weight gain induced by a high-cholesterol diet. In the histological observations, lipid droplet and apoptotic change in the TBE treated group were less compared with the control group. In the serum biochemical analysis, a difference of serum AST and ALT changes among groups was not shown, but TG and total cholesterol levels were less and HDL level decreased compared with the control group. In the gene expression related with TG and cholesterol metabolism, DGAT decreased slightly but ACAT decreased more as compared with control and Lipidil groups. Conclusion : From this study, we can infer that TBE possesses a hypolipidemic effect by inhibiting the intestinal absorption and storage of exogenous and endogenous cholesterol.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.41-47
• /
• 1995

This experiments was designed to evaluated the chemical components and nutrition of Aspergillus fumigatus cells. This dried fungal mycellia was consist of crude protein 48.5%, crude lipid 2.9%, carbohydrate 44.7% and total ash 3.4%, respectively. The major fatty acid of total lipid were 27.9% of linoleic acid, 24.6% of oleic acid, 15.4% of palmitic acid and 10.6% of linolenic aicd. Amino acid analysis indicated that the protein was rich in aspartic acid, glutamic acid, leucine, lysine but poor in cystein, methionine, histidine. The fungal cake of Aspergillus fumigatus, when dried and specially processed, has been found to serve as a source of protein in place of soybean meal in the diet of experimental mice. Animal were fed a control diet first, and an incease in weight proved the formulation to be satisfactory. At the end of a 30-day period, the experimental mice showed increases in weight comparable to those of the control animals. The net protein efficiency ratio for the control diet was 3.42$\pm$0.15 and the fungal protein and succinylated fungal protein with DL-methionine they were 3.12$\pm$0.39 and 2.98$\pm$0.06 respectively. This supports the view that dried and succinylated fungal protein can be substituted as a protein source.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제36권12호
• /
• pp.1544-1552
• /
• 2007

본 연구는 고 isoflavone 콩나물이 만성 에탄올 섭취 동물에서 지질대사와 항산화 효소계에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고 기능성 식품으로서의 가능성을 알아보기 위하여 수행되었다. 실험동물은 SD계 수컷쥐를 사용하였으며 40일간 Lieber-DeCarli 액체식이를 일부 변형한 실험식을 공급하여 고 isoflavone 콩나물과 isoflavone 추출물이 에탄올 투여 흰쥐의 지질대사와 항산화효소계에 미치는 영향을 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. High SS군은 알코올 대조군에 비하여 체중증가량, 식이섭취량 및 식이효율이 모두 증가되었으나, low SS군과 IE군은 전반적으로 체중증가량, 식이섭취량 및 식이효율이 알코올 대조군보다 낮았다. 고 isoflavone 콩나물과 대두 isoflavone 추출물은 알코올 투여시 증가된 혈장 TG, TC, AI를 낮추었고, HDL-chol/TC의 비를 높였으며 간조직의 총 지질량, TG, TC 수준을 낮추었다. Isoflavone 추출물은 간조직의 TBARS 수준을 유의하게 낮추었으나 간조직 항산화효소 활성도를 증가시키지는 않았으므로 isoflavone의 항산화기전에 대한 연구가 필요할 것으로 보인다. 이상의 결과로부터 고 isoflavone 콩나물과 isoflavone 추출물은 혈장과 간조직의 지질 농도와 지질과산화를 낮추며 일부 항산화 효소계에 긍정적인 효과를 미치는 것으로 보인다.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.81-87
• /
• 2009

목적: 죽상경화반 유발 토끼 대동맥에서 자기공명영상을 이용하여 가돌리니움 조영제에 대한 경화반의 조영증강에 어떤 특징이 있는지 알아보고, 경화반 취약성의 대표적인 두 특징인 조직병리학적인 지질풍부 성분과 대식세포 풍부 성분과 비교하여 조영증강이 어떤 조직 소견에서 기인하는지 평가하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 뉴질랜드 흰토끼 (4마리, 무게 3.0 $\sim$ 3.5 kg, 수컷)를 죽상경화반 모델로 사용하였다. 고콜레스테롤식이와 이중 풍선 손상을 이용하여 대동맥 죽상경화반을 유발하였다. 3-T 자기공명영상을 사용하여 가돌리니움 조영제를 투여하기 전과 후에 T1-강조영상을 얻었다. 자기공명영상과 상응하는 조직병리절편 (n=35)을 4개나 3개의 구역으로 나누었다 (n=130). 자기공명영상에서의 조영증강비 (ER, ER=SIpost/SIpre)를 각 구역마다 계산하여 조직병리의 지질풍부영역과 대식세포 풍부 영역과 비교하였다. 결과: 지질풍부 구역은 72개였고 섬유성구역은 58개였다. 대식세포풍부영역을 포함한 구역은 105개였고 포함하지 않은 구역은 25개였다. 조영증강비는 섬유성구역보다 지질풍부구역에서 높았다 (평균 조영증강비 2.25 $\pm$ 0.41 vs. 2.72 $\pm$ 0.65, p=0.013). 조영증강비는 지질성분을 제어했을 때 대식세포풍부영역과 잘 비례하지 않았다 (correlation coefficient -0.203, p=0.236). 결론: 표준 가돌리니움 기반의 세포외 조영제를 사용하였을 때 지질풍부 경화반은 섬유성 경화반보다 강한 조영증강을 보였다. 대식세포 침윤은 조영증강 정도와 비례하지 않았다. 초기부터 진행된 병기의 다양한 경화반 모델을 사용하고 조영증강과 관련된 모든 가능한 인자를 사용하여 조영제 투여 후 최적의 영상획득 시간을 결정하는 연구가 필요하다.