• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.171-175
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• 2018

The aim of this study was to investigate morphological development of filiform papillae (FP) in Korean native goats by using scanning electron microscopy. Tongues were removed from goat fetuses (days 60, 90, and 120), neonates, and juveniles (days 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 after birth). During the prenatal period, primordia of FP appeared at fetal day 60 and were observed to be developed at day 90. At fetal day 120, the FP were observed like flower leaves of a double flower bud. In neonates, FP were shaped like an obliquely sectioned cylinder with secondary papillae irregularly arranged in a saw blade-like manner. In 60-day-old juvenile goats, the FP were densely distributed at the inner base of 1/3-1/2 degrees. In 90-, 120-, and 150-day-old goats, FP were compacted at the inner base of 1/2-2/3, 3/4, and 4/5 degrees, respectively. In 180-day-old goats, FP were found to be completely compacted on the inner surface with complete morphogenesis. Microridges, microplicae, and micropits were well-developed on the epithelial surface of lingual papillae from embryonic day 120 to juvenile day 180. These results indicate that FP of goats have different shapes and sizes during development both before and after birth.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.182-202
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• 1994

마우스(ICR mouse)의 줄생전 ·후 발생에 따른 설점막에서 설유두와 미뢰의 발생, 미뢰를 구성하는 미각세포들의 각 형별 미세구조적인 특징 및 미각세포와 신경종말과의 관계를 광학 및 전자현미경으로 관찰하였다. 유곽유두는 임신 17일 심상유두와 엽상유두는 출생 후 0일, 사상유두는 출생후 1일에 출현하였으며, 유곽유두와 심상유두에서의 미뢰는 출생 후 0일, 엽상유두에서의 미뢰는 출생후 1일에 관찰되었다. 유곽유두에서는 유두벽 상피 뿐만 아니라 유두 표면상피에서도 성체에서와는 다르게 미뢰가 출현하였다. 출생후 7일과 15일에서 유곽유두의 미뢰에 대한 미세구조적 관찰에서 미각세포는 중간형 세포. 암세포, 명세포, 기저세포 및 주변세포로 구분되었다 중간형 세포는 암세포와 명세포의 중간정도의 전자밀도를 보이는 세포로서 세포질에서는 활면 및 조면소포체가 다수 관찰되었고. 세포질 및 핵질내에서 다소포성소체와 유사한 구조물들이 관찰되었다. 암세포는 전자밀도가 높아 어둡게 보였고. 핵막은 깊은 함입을 보였다 이 세포의 핵주변 세포질에는 미토콘드리아, 섬유상 물질, 조면소포체 및 폴리솜들이 다수 관찰되었으며, 첨부 세포질에서는 전자밀도가 높아 어둡게 보이는 과립들이 다수 관찰되었다. 명세포는 전자밀도가 낮아 밝게 보였고, 크고 등근 핵을 갖고 있었으며. 세포질내에서 활면소포체, 폴리솜 그리고 크고 작은 공포들이 다수, 조면소포체들은 소수 관찰되었다. 기저세포는 핵질이 풍부한 난원형의 핵을 갖고 있었으며, 전자밀도가 낮아 밝게 보였고, 유리리보솜들은 많았으나, 활면 및 조면소포체들은 소수 관찰되었다 주변세포는 비교적 긴 방추형의 세포로 얕은 핵막 함입들을 보였고, 대부분의 세포소기 관들은 미약하였으나 유리리보솜들은 다소 많이 관찰되었다. 출생후 7일에는 명세포, 15일에는 중간형 세포들이 다른 세포에 비하여 다수 출현하였다 출생후 미각세포들의 형태적 특징 및 세포소기 관들의 분화들로 미루어 암세포 주변세포 및 기저세포는 미성숙세포, 중간형 세포는 미각기능이 활발한 성숙한 세포 그리고 명세포는 퇴행성 세포로 생각된다.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.265-276
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• 1996

This study was performed to identify the localization of several neuropeptides; calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP), substance P(SP), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide(VIP), neuropeptide Y(NPY), serotonin(5-HT) and neurotensin in the tongue of Korean native goat(Capra hircus) by immunohistochemical method. The results were summarized as follows: CGRP- and SP-immunoreactive fibers were observed as moderate immunoreactivity at the subepithelial plexus and subgemmal fibers in lamina propria of lingual papillae, but not seen in intragemmal, intergemmal, perigemmal fibers as well as in the supporting, basal and taste cells. Fibers around the acinus of the von Ebner's gland and blood vessels showed weak immunoreactivities against CGRP and SP. In the intrinsic ganglion cells, CGRP- and SP-immunoreactivities were not observed. The distribution patterns of VIP- and NPY-immunoreactive fibers were similar to CGRP-or SP-immunoreactive fibers, but their immunoreactivities were stronger than those of CGRP- or SP immunoreactive fibers. The immunoreactivities to VIP or NPY were seen in the intrinsic ganglion. Only a few serotonin immunoreactive fibers were seen in some filiform or fungiform papillae. Neurotensin immunoreactivity was not observed in the tongue of Korean native goat.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.515-525
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• 2005

Purpose of study: Lingual nerve damage can be caused by surgery or trauma such as physical irriatation, radiation, chemotherapy, infection and viral infection. Once nerve damage occurred, patients sometimes complain taste change and loss of taste along with serious disturbance of tongue. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of unilateral lingual nerve transection on taste as well as on the maintenance of taste buds. Materials & Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 220-250g received unilateral transection of lingual nerve, subjected to the preference test for various taste solutions (0.1M NaCl, 0.1M sucrose, 0.01M QHCl, or 0.01M HCl) with two bottle test paradigm at 2, 4, 6, or 8 weeks after the operation. Tongue was fixed with 8% paraformaldehyde. After fixation, they were observed with scanning electron microscope(JSM-$840A^{(R)}$, JEOL, JAPAN) and counted the number of the dorsal surface of the fungiform papilla for changes of fungiform papilla. And, Fungiform papilla were obtained from coronal sections of the anterior tongue(cryosection). After cryosection, immunostaining with $G{\alpha}gust$(I-20)(Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA), $PLC{\beta}2$(Q-15)(Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA), and $T_1R_1$(Alpha Diagnostic International, USA) were done. Immunofluorescence of labeled taste bud cells was examined by confocal microscopy(F92-$300^{(R)}$, Olympus, JAPAN). Results: The preference score for salty and sweet tended to be higher in the operated rats with statistical significance, compared to the sham rats. Fungiform papilla counting were decreased after lingual nerve transaction. In 2 weeks, maximum differences occurred. Gustducin and $T_1R_1$ expressions of taste receptor in 2 and 4 weeks were decreased. $PLC{\beta}2$ were not expressed in both experimental and control group. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the taste recognition for sweet and salty taste changed by week 2 and 4 after unilateral lingual nerve transection. However, regeneration related taste was occurred in the presence of preserving mesoneurial tissue and the time was 6 weeks. Our results demonstrated that unilateral lingual nerve damage caused morphological and numerical change of fungiform papilla. It should be noted in our study that lingual nerve transection resulted in not only morphological and numerical change but also functional change of fungiform papillae.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.17-27
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• 1983

The author observed the effects of /sup 60/Co irradiation on the development and subcellular structure of tongue tissue of the fetal rats. The lower left abdomen of mothers were exposed to radiation on 15½th day of gestation with 300R. The fetuses were removed on the 6hr, 14hr, 24hr, 48hr and 72hr after irradiation and the light microscopic and electron microscopic observations of the lingual epithelium, lamina propria and muscle layer were carried out. The results were as follows: 1. The irradiated fetuses showed the retardation of filiform papillae formation. 2. Epithelial cells revealed fusion and myelination of mitochondria, large autolysosomes, increased lipid droplets, retardation of tonofilaments and desmosome formation. 3. In the lamina propria, undifferentiated cells showed bleb formation of nuclear membrane, pyknosis and fragmentation of nucleus, edema of cytoplasm I and nucleus, increased auto-lysosomes, dilatation of cell membrane and cell necrosis. Also, collagenous fibril formation was inhibited by irradiation. 4. In the muscle layer, growth of myotubes was inhibited. Myotubes showed swelling of mitochondria, loss of mitochondrial cristae, autolysosomes, retardation of myofibril formation, and large vacuoles. Undifferentiated cells adjacent myotube contained pyknotic nucleus and autolysosomes. 5. Among the various tissues of tongue, it seems that mesenchymal cells were most radiosensitive.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.131-137
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• 2017

Black hairy tongue is a benign medical condition, which is characterized by elongated filiform lingual papillae, with a typical carpet-like appearance on the dorsum of the tongue. We describe the case of a 70-year-old Korean female with black hairy tongue, who complained of black hairy tongue accompanied by xerostomia. The patient was treated with Jibaekjihwang-tang-gagambang and electric acupuncture for 13 days. Black hairy tongue was evaluated by its visual appearance and by calculating hue-saturation-brightness (HSB) and red-green-blue (RGB) values of images of the tongue using a photo-edit program. Salivary flow rate (SFR) was evaluated to evaluate oral dryness. After 13 days of treatment, the black fur disappeared, and the brightness and RGB values of the black fur increased. In addition, the SFR increased. We conclude that Korean medicine could be the treatment choice for black hairy tongue.