• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.7 no.11
• /
• pp.2754-2768
• /
• 2013

Video fingerprints generated from global features are usually vulnerable against general geometric transformations. In this paper, a novel video fingerprinting algorithm is proposed, in which a new spatio-temporal gradient is designed to represent the spatial and temporal information for each frame, and a new partition scheme, based on concentric circle and rings, is developed to resist the attacks efficiently. The centroids of spatio-temporal gradient orientations (CSTGO) within the circle and rings are then calculated to generate a robust fingerprint. Our experiments with different attacks have demonstrated that the proposed approach outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in terms of robustness and discrimination.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.83-95
• /
• 2020

Because sensor nodes have limited resources in wireless sensor networks, data aggregation can efficiently reduce communication overhead and extend the network lifetime. Although many existing methods are particularly useful for data aggregation applications, they incur unbalanced communication cost and waste lots of sensors' energy. In this paper, we propose a privacy-preserving, energy-saving data aggregation scheme (EBPP). Our method can efficiently reduce the communication cost and provide privacy preservation to protect useful information. Meanwhile, the balanced energy of the nodes can extend the network lifetime in our scheme. Through many simulation experiments, we use several performance criteria to evaluate the method. According to the simulation and analysis results, this method can more effectively balance energy dissipation and provide privacy preservation compared to the existing schemes.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.795-808
• /
• 2020

Due to the poor evaluation indexes such as detection accuracy and recall rate when Yolov3 network detects aircraft in remote sensing images, in this paper, we propose a remote sensing image aircraft detection method based on machine vision. In order to improve the target detection effect, the Inception module was introduced into the Yolov3 network structure, and then the data set was cluster analyzed using the k-means algorithm. In order to obtain the best aircraft detection model, on the basis of our proposed method, we adjusted the network parameters in the pre-training model and improved the resolution of the input image. Finally, our method adopted multi-scale training model. In this paper, we used remote sensing aircraft dataset of RSOD-Dataset to do experiments, and finally proved that our method improved some evaluation indicators. The experiment of this paper proves that our method also has good detection and recognition ability in other ground objects.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
• /
• v.40 no.1
• /
• pp.95-97
• /
• 2007

Our understanding on the plant's capability to acquire the nutrients from the soil under harsh circumstance, like unfavorably high pH, and the plant's capability to protect itself under very low soil pH, has been remarkably increased in the recent years. Having those knowledges, it seems not to be wise to abide to the traditional approach to deal the problems of acidic or alkaline soils via chemical methods like liming or using acidic materials. Instead, we may try to select the crops and varieties that can better withstand soil acidity or alkalinity. This stance will be more welcomed when the conservation of environments is high priority issue.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.167-175
• /
• 1971

A pot experiment with an acid sulfate soil from Kimhae was carried out to find out the cause of toxicity in rice plant. The effect of liming on changes in pH, Eh, Al, and $Fe^{2+}$ in soil and leachate was examined at two-week interval during the growth of rice. Also, total $P_2O_5$, $SiO_2$, Fe and Al contents in plants at harvesting stage were determined. In the early stage, the rice plant in the check soil showed the same healthy growth as did in limed soil even at high Al in soil and leachate. Around panicle forming stage, reddish brown mottlings suddenly infested all over the plants when accompanied with strong reduction, and afterward growth was severely retarded, and finally caused the significant difference in yield. During the strong reduction, significant amount of sulfide was formed only in check soils, but no free $H_2S$ was detected. Appreciable Al was still present in soil and leachate, and $Fe^{2+}$ in check soil was lower than that in limed soil, but $Fe^{2+}$ in leachate was slightly higher. Limed soils were more reduced and produced more $Fe^{2+}$ due to increased microorganism activity in the neutral pH. In the leachate, the check showed slightly higher $Fe^{2+}$ concentration but considerably higher than limed one at later stage. Appreciable amount of Al was detected only in check soil and leachate from transplanting to panicle formation stage. Plant tissues at harvesting stage contained very low P regardless of liming. Uptake of Si was markedly increased by liming. Contents of Fe an Al was markedly higher in check than limed one, but difference in Fe content was more drastic possibly due to more Fe uptake in presence of markedly higher $Fe^{2+}$ in soil and leachate at later growing stage. In conclusion toxic symptom in this acid sulfate soil seems to be primarily due to Al when accompanied with low pH and strong reduction. But association with $Fe^{2+}$ toxicity is not completely excluded. In order to differentiate the effect of $Fe^{2+}$ from that of Al more detailed plant analysis at different stage is required.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.88-94
• /
• 1977

A laboratory study was made of liming on the extractability of phosphate added to the uncultivated acid soils differing in clay content. The experiments were conducted with different rates of calcium carbonate and triple superphosphate at field capacity and 50% field capacity. The concentration of extractable phosphate was greatly reduced by simultaneous addition of calcium carbonate in the loam soil. When samples of the loam soil were preincubated for ranging from 0 to 50 days in the presence of calcium carbonate prior to phosphate application, the extractable phosphate concentration increased with preincubation time, and more phosphate was extracted from the soil maintained at 50% field capacity during the incubation. However, the extractable phosphate concentration in the sandyloam soil did not change with preincubation time and was not affected by moisture status. It may be concluded that the extractability of added phosphate was influenced by not only liming time but physical properties of soil.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.165-170
• /
• 1991

Effects of liming and starch application on the soil pH and mineralization of organic nitrogen were compared to control at $30+/10^{\circ}C$ incubation for six weeks in two soil types(loam, sandy loam) adjusted with 80% of field moisture capacity. 1. While soil pH was increased abruptyl one week after incubation in loam applied with lime and lime+starch, it tended to decrease at control during incubation period. Liming on sandy loam increased soil pH, and application of lime+starch together showed high pH at first week of incubation which was lowered slowly after wards. Significant changes in soil pH was not detected at control or starch application only. 2. The content of $NH_3-N$ in loam started to increse three weeks after incubation, and was maximized at fifth week. Positive correlation was shown at control during incubation period between soil pH and $NO_3-N$ content. Level of $NO_3-N$ content applied with starch or lime+starch was low compared to control. 3. The $NH_4-N$ content was high when sandy loam was applied with lime+starch together. At the first week of incubation, the $NO_3-N$ content was high at control or lime application.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.107-113
• /
• 1990

In comparision with calcium sulphate, the effect of calcium-carbonate, -silicate and -hydroxide on desalinization of tidal saline soil was investigated in a continuous leaching column experiments after mixing with an equivalent amount of Ca to sodium plus magnessium in the saline soil. One half of liming materials was mixed to the top one-tenth of column soil and the remainder was spread on the surface. Results obtained are as follows ; 1. Gypsum made easy to percolate and desaline (Na) tidal marine soil but accumulated magnessium in subsoil. 2. $Ca(OH)_2$, $CaCO_3$, and $CaSO_3$ precipitated Mg in the soil which limes were mixed, but they washed down magnessium more severely from the immediate bellow the limed soil and less from the subsequent soil layers. This leaching was more severer at the treatment of $Ca(OH)_2$and lowest at the treatment of $CaSiO_3$. 3. The alkalinity of lime in addition to the dissociation of exchangeable Na raised pH of limed leached tidal soil and slowed down the percolation rate which retarded desalining Na from limed saline soils. This effect was most severe in the $Ca(OH)_2$ treated soil. 4. pH of leached soils was correlated possitively with exchangeable Na and negatively with exchangeable Mg giving follwing relationship pH= 7.77+0.489 Na/Mg r = 0.845.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.143-147
• /
• 1971

Field experiments were carried out to determine the effect of B on rape with application of lime and compost in sandy upland soil and in clayey paddy soil. The plant samples from each treatment at flowering stage were analyzed to interpret the yield response. The effect of B was very significant in both soils, but more marked in sandy upland soil. The application of 20kg/ha borax appears to increase upto the possible level that can be achieved by B application. Application of 40kg/ha borax did not give any further additional response. In acidic paddy soil (pH 5.4), the effect of B was fully exhibited only with liming. Liming neither intensified the B deficiency nor reduced the B content in the plant tissue, but rather promoted the growth of rape plant. There was highly significant negative correlation between Ca/B ratio and seed yield ($r=-0.74^{**}$), but it was very difficult to draw a line between normal and deficient Ca/B ratio. It is very interesting that boron application significantly increased the Ca uptake in no lime treatment. Application of compost was generally inffective and did not affect the B supply to the plant. However, it appears to increase K uptake slightly and give a little favorable effect on growth of plant.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.87-93
• /
• 2003

Growth and mineral composition of young radish in soil amended with sewage sludge (ISS) with or without liming were investigated. Levels of EC, T-N, and micronutrients were increased in the ISS treatment (50 Mg/ha) compared to the NPK treatment but those of available P and exchangeable cations were decreased. Chlorosis was appear on the young radish leaf at the ISS treatment, but this phytotoxic symptom was corrected with lime amendment (3 Mg/ha). Yields of young radish leaf and root in the combined treatment of ISS and lime were increased about 29 and 48%, respectively, compared with those in the ISS treatment. Contents of P, K, Ca, and Mg in young radish were higher in the combined treatment to ISS and lime, whereas those contents in the ISS treatment were lower than those in the NPK treatment. Contents of Cu, Zn, and Ni in soil and young radish leaf were positively correlated with total N content in young radish leaf, while contents of P, K, Ca, and Mg were negatively correlated. Contents of Cu, Zn, and Ni in leaf were negatively correlated with yield of young radish. Contents of Cu and Zn in leaf corresponding with a 5% yield reduction of young radish were 22.4 and 349 mg/kg, respectively.