• 한국컴퓨터그래픽스학회논문지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 번개의 물리적 특성을 고려하여 기존의 랜덤 트리 기반의 번개 경로 생성 알고리즘보다 사실적이며, 물리 기반 시뮬레이션 알고리즘보다 빠른 번개 경로 생성 알고리즘을 제시한다. 절연 파괴 현상을 물리적으로 접근한 Dielectric Breakdown Model을 사용하고, 전위장(Electric potential field)의 특징을 빠르게 근사하여 번개의 경로를 생성하는 알고리즘을 제시한다. 또한, 장애물이 있는 복잡한 장면에서 번개가 장애물을 회피하는 가이드 경로 방법을 제시한다. 마지막으로, 번개 잔가지의 두께와 밝기의 물리적 특성을 고려하여 빠르고 사실적인 번개를 렌더링한다. 본 논문에서 제시한 번개 경로는 약 1.56의 프랙탈 차원(Fractal dimension)을 가져 자연 현상의 번개와 유사한 결과를 보여주고, 기존의 물리 기반 알고리즘에 비해 월등히 빠르게 경로를 생성한다. 다만, 실시간 게임에 적용 가능한 성능을 위한 추가 적인 작업이 필요하고, 향후 GPU를 활용하여 번개 경로 생성 알고리즘을 개선하면 실시간 게임에 충분히 적용할 수 있을 것이라 판단한다.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.178-183
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• 2013

The study of lightning surge have been conducted on information and communications equipment and power system. However, the research on SMPS itself is an inactive field. This paper analyzes surge current path of flyback converter with the combination wave generator by lightning surge. Also, this paper discloses that there exists the surge current with high-frequency component besides the low-frequency component based on the standard surge current. This high-frequency surge current is the major reason to damage the semiconductor devices such as FET and IC. To confirm the validity of the proposed issue, the analysis and experimental results are presented.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1997년도 하계학술대회 논문집 D
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• pp.800-802
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• 1997

After flashover occurs on the overhead distribution line by lighting strokes(direct or induced), the power frequency arc current continues. If lightning flashover occurs on the overhead lines using covered conductors, the power frequency art current with fixed path overheats the conductor, and arc fusion fault can be occurred. There are two categories protecting or reducing methods of arc fusion faults caused by lightning stokes. - Reducing lightning flashover rate : G/W, LA, etc. - Protection by AFPD(Arc Fusion Protection Device) : power follow current interruption. This paper presents lightning surge phenomena on overhead distribution lines and protecting performance of arc fusion Protection devices to the lightning strokes nearby overhead line.

• 한국게임학회 논문지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.35-46
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 스마트기기에 적합한 실시간 번개 시뮬레이션을 제시한다. 물리학에 기반을 가지는 Dielectric Breakdown Model을 근사하여 스마트기기 환경에서 실시간 구현이 가능한 번개 경로 결정 알고리즘을 제시하며, 여러 개의 번개를 동시에 그리고 실시간으로 렌더링 할 수 있는 방법을 제시한다. 마지막으로 번개의 경로를 실시간으로 수정할 수 있는 방법을 제시하여 유저와 실시간 상호작용이 가능하게 한다. 본 논문에서 제시한 번개 시뮬레이션은 스마트기기 환경에서 번개가 주 요소인 게임에서 사용이 될 것으로 판단된다.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제59권2호
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• pp.191-196
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• 2010

The electricity distribution system in Korea is adopting a multi-grounding system. Protection of this distribution system against lightning is performed by installing overhead ground wires over the high voltage wires, and connecting the overhead ground wires to the ground every 200 m. The ground resistance in this system is limited not to exceed $50\Omega$ and overhead ground wire and neutral wire are multiple parallel lines. Although overhead ground wire and neutral wire are installed in different locations on the same pole, this circuit configuration has duplicated functions of providing a return path for unbalanced currents and protecting the distribution system against induced lightning. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the induced lightning shielding effect according to the neutral wire installation structure of a 22.9kV distribution line in order to present a new 22.9kV distribution line structure model and characteristics. This study calculated induced lightning voltage by performing numerical analysis when an overhead ground wire is present in the multi-grounding type 22.9kV distribution line structure, and calculated the induced lightning shielding effect based on this calculated induced lightning voltage. In addition, this study proposed and analyzed an improved distribution line model allowing the use of both overhead wire and neutral wire to be installed in the current distribution lines. The result of MATLAB simulation using the conditions applied by Yokoyama showed almost no difference between the induced lightning voltage developed in the current line and that developed in the proposed line. This signifies that shielding the induced lightning voltage through overhead wire makes no difference between current and proposed distribution line structures. That is, this study found that the ground resistance of the overhead wire had an effect on the induced lightning voltage, and that the induced lightning shielding effect of overhead wire is small.

• 대한전기학회논문지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.118-124
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• 1984

This paper investigated the characteristics of transient overvoltages on the tower caused by time varying tower footing resistance in the path of lightning stroke current entering earth on transmission lines. The tower with time varying tower footing resistance was simulated and the transient overvoltageson the tower due to lightning stroke current were computer by Nodal Solution Method. From the results, it was found that the determination of the steady state values as a limit of inductive tower footing resistance causes higher transient overvoltages than CFO voltages of insulator strings and V-T characteristics of the insulator strings should be considered for computation of backflashover rate.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1996년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1864-1866
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• 1996

Grounding is the art of making an electrical connection to the earth. In order to protect man, electrical and/or electric equipments from the lightning strokes, all the energy of lightning strokes must be diverted via a safe path to earth. It is essential to the transient grounding resistance against lightning strokes. In this paper, measurements and analyses of grounding surge impedance have been investigated. For measurements of grounding surge impedance the pulse generator was designed and fabricated. The pulse generator has rise time of 22.4 ns and pulse duration of $8\;{\mu}s$. The transient grounding resistance has been measuring by injecting low power and step current between the earthing system under test and a remote reference earth and measuring the potential rise caused by this current. As a result, the transient grounding resistance against lightning surge in the short time domain is much higher than steady state grounding resistance.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2007년도 제38회 하계학술대회
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• pp.736-737
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• 2007

The single point bonding in underground transmission system can induce high voltage on the sheath when ground fault, lightning serge and switching serge occurs, at that time underground cable systems cannot offer a return path of fault current. Accordingly if fault current, which cannot return to ground, flows at the single point bonding, high voltage can be induced in SVL and that voltage can cause aging and breakdown of SVL. Therefore this paper study on the effect of parallel ground conductor at the single point bonding when ground fault and lightning serge occurs by using ATPDraw.

• 한국조명전기설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국조명전기설비학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.57-60
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• 2005

This paper describes the experimental results of the pre-breakdown phenomena in $SF_6/CO_2$ mixtures under non-uniform electric fields caused by positive and negative lightning negative voltages. $SF_6/CO_2$ mixtures have an advantage of an environmental aspect and cost reduction, and safety aspects. In order to analyze the pre-breakdown processes in $SF_6/CO_2$ mixtures stressed by impulse voltages, pre-breakdown current and luminous signals were measured by a shunt and a photo-multiplier tube, respectively. Dielectric strengthes of $SF_6/CO_2$ mixtures were investigated. Additionally, characteristics of discharge channels were observed by high speed cameras and the physical properties were discussed. The pre-breakdown propagates with a stepwise process. The in to breakdown from the corona onset point in positive polarity was shorter than that in negative polarity. The time intervals of positive leaders are shorter than those of negative leaders, and the path of positive leader channel is zigzag.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.77-81
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• 2007

Fault current can be discharged from power transmission tower due to lightning or inadvertent contact of crane, etc. Pipelines in proximity to either the source of the ground fault or the substation grounding grid may provide convenient conductive path for the fault current to travel. Inappropriate measures to the neighboring pipelines against the fault current may cause severe damages to the pipes such as coating breakdown, arc burn, puncture, loss in wall thickness, or brittle heat-affected zone. Like inductive and conductive AC coupling, steadily induced fault current right after the coating breakdown can lead to corrosion of the pipeline. In this work, some protection guidelines against fault currents used in the field have been validated through the simulation and analytical method.