• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.89-100
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• 2014

Energy consumption statistics in 2005 from the Korea Energy Management Corporation show that building energy usage was about 24.2% of total domestic energy consumption, and 64% of total building energy usage was consumed by residential buildings. Thus, about 10% of total domestic energy consumption is due to the heating of residential buildings. Building energy can be calculated by the configuration of the building envelope and the rate of infiltration (the volume of the infiltration of outdoor air and the leakage of indoor air), and by doing so, the annual energy usage for heating and cooling. Therefore, air-tightness is an important factor in building energy conservation. This investigate air infiltration and various factors that decrease it in timber frame buildings and suggest ways to improve air-tightness for several structural types. Timber frame buildings can be classified into light frame, post and beam, and log house. Post and beam includes Han-ok (a Korean traditional building). Six light frame buildings, three post and beam buildings, one Korean traditional Han-ok and a log house were selected as specimens. Blower door tests were performed following ASTM E779-03. The light frame buildings showed the highest air-tightness, followed by post and beam structures, and last, log houses.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2014년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.236-237
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• 2014

Recently, it changes to the frame construction in the wall type structure for the life span improvement of the apartment house of our country. The execution of the light panel increased while the execution of the frame construction increased. Therefore, the density and absorption ratio of the magnesium oxide matrix according to the wood flour amount of addition ratio property try to be analyze for the lightweight of the surface material of the light panel. The test result, the density has been declined as the addition ratio increase of the wood flour. In the case of the water absorption ratio, water absorption ratio has been increased as addition ratio increase of wood flour. However, wood flour addition ratio 15% determined the most appropriate when considering the density and water absorption ratio.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.77-86
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• 2013

본 연구는 목조주택의 건물에너지 성능을 평가하고 개선하기 위해 수행되었다. 목조주택의 에너지 요구량을 산정하기 위하여 CE3 (Construction Energy Efficiency Evaluation) 웹기반 소프트웨어를 사용하였고 그 결과 대상 주택의 연간 난방에너지 요구량은 바닥면적 1 $m^2$당 160 kWh로 계산되었다. 난방에너지 요구량을 줄이기 위해 다음 4가지의 에너지 절감방법을 채택하였다; a) 건물형태의 단순화, b) 창호면적의 축소, c) 고성능 창호의 적용, d) 폐열회수환기장치의 적용. 열관류율 1 $W/m^2{\cdot}K$의 고성능창호로 교체할 경우 대상 주택의 난방에너지 요구량은 80 $kWh/m^2{\cdot}a$로 감소하였다. 4가지 방법을 조합하여 적용하면 고성능창호와 폐열회수환기장치를 함께 적용하였을 때 난방에너지 요구량은 34.5 $kWh/m^2{\cdot}a$로 감소하여 가장 우수한 성능을 나타냈다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.147-158
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• 2017

Among the energy consumption in building, the heating energy takes the largest part. Therefore, it is important to minimize the heat energy loss in building for the reduction of overall energy use in construction. The most important points for the minimization of energy loss in building are insulation and airtightness. Especially, in wood houses, airtightness is very important for energy saving as well as increase of durability. However, the researches on airtightness of wood buildings have been started recently and are very deficient especially in Korea. In this study, air leakage properties and airtightness performance were evaluated for light-frame wood houses built in Daejeon and Chungnam area. Total 7 houses were evaluated, among which four houses (Case 1 to Case 4) were in the construction stage before interior finish and the other three houses (Case 5 to Case 7) were after completion of construction work. The tests for airtightness were conducted by pressurization-depressurization method, and the factors included in the measurements includes air leakage rate at 50 Pa (CMH50), air change rate at 50 Pa (ACH50), equivalent leakage area (EqLA) and EqLA per floor area. As a result of this study, key air leakage points in wood houses were found to be the gaps between floor and wall, the holes for wiring and plumbing, the double glasses windows and the entrance doors. The average value of ACH50 for the houses after completion of construction work was $3.5h^{-1}$ that was similar to Europe standard ($3.0h^{-1}$). ACH50 was proportional to EqLA per floor area but inversely proportional to the internal volume, the net floor area and the area of window.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.40-48
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• 2018

This study analyzes the contribution of hanok that construction in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Korea by calculating the carbon storage of hanoks and comparing it to different housing types in Korea. The hanok is a traditional Korean house. And it were first designed and built in the $14^{th}$ century during thd Joseon Dynasty. According to our results, the number of hanoks in 2016 was approximately 547,085 which was accounting for 7.8% of the total construction market, This study found Gyeongbuk with 95,083, Jeonnam with 88,981, Gyeongnam with 76,388 and Seoul with 43,519 hanoks. According to the GHG Inventory Report for 2016, Korea's total annual GHG emissions amounted to 650 million $tCO_2$, with the carbon stocks in hanoks amounting to 19.2 million $tCO_2$. This accounts for 2.8% of Korea's total GHG emissions and 46.1% of the carbon absorbed by forests. Our results show that hanoks store four times more carbon than light-frame-wood-houses, and 15 times more carbon than concrete-reinforced and steel-frame houses. The main factors causing the hanok industry slowdown are the high construction costs, lack of government support, and insufficient knowledge of hanok architecture. Therefore, to further increase the carbon stock of hanok, more research is needed to improve the technical use of wood and reduce construction of the hanok and prepare legal and institutional arrangements related to hanok industry.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.828-835
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• 2017

Airtightness of buildings is one of critical aspects of its energy performance. To build up references of airtightness of wooden houses built in Korea, blower door tests have been carried out in 42 houses since 2006. Causes of air leakage were investigated recently. The average value of air change rate was $3.7h^{-1}$ for light frame house and $5.5h^{-1}$ for post-beam construction at ACH50 (air change per hour at 50 Pa air pressure difference). Foam type insulation was more advantageous in ensuring building airtightness than glass fiber batt. Airtightness of wooden houses which were constructed after 2010 was improved to have less than $1.5h^{-1}$ of ACH50, threshold for application of artificial air change. The average air change rate of CLT (cross laminated timber) houses showed the lowest value, $1.1h^{-1}$, among the tested structures.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.27-40
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• 1983

최근(最近) 우리나라에서는 목재외(木材外)의 타계재료(他界材料)로의 건축(建築)이 이루어지고 있으므로 목조건축(木造建築)에 관한 연구(硏究)와 관심(關心)이 급속(急速)히 감소(減少)하고 있다. 이것은 국내(國內)에서의 목재생산(木材生産)이 극(極)히 저조(低調)하고 가격(價格)의 폭등(暴騰)으로 나타난 필연적(必然的)인 현상(現象)이라 하겠으나 목조건축(木造建築)이 아닌 타계재료(他界材料)로 시공(施工)한다고 하여도 목재(木材)는 꼭 쓰여지기 마련이다. 그러므로 주택(住宅)을 중심(中心)으로 각종건축물(各種建築物)의 구조(構造)를 이해(理解)함으로써 보다 합리적(合理的)인 목재이용(木材利用)을 꾀할 수 있을 것이다. 특히 목조주택(木造住宅)에 의존(依存)하고 있는 미국(美國)에서 경구조(輕構造)(light frame house construction) 또는 조립주택(組立住宅)(prefabricated house construction)에 의(依)한 목조주택건설(木造住宅建設)에 관(關)한 새로운 연구(硏究)가 착실(着實)하게 진행(進行)되어 큰 성과(成果)를 거두고 있어서 값 싼 주택(住宅)의 양산(量産)에 많은 도움을 주고 있음은 물론(勿論)이고 농용건축물(農用建築物)의 건설(建設)에도 크게 활용(活用)되고 있다. 더구나 8시간(時間)만에 한 채의 주택(住宅)을 건설(建設)할 수 있는 8시간건축(時間建設)(8 house construction)의 체계(體系)가 연구개발(硏究開發)되어 증가일로(增加一路)의 주택수요(住宅需要)를 메꾸어 나가고 있어서 우리나라에서도 부면(部面)에 관한 연구(硏究)가 추진(推進)되어야 할 것으로 믿는다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.320-329
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• 2009

본 연구는 경골목조벽체의 구조적 안전성을 위협하고 주거환경을 열악하게 하는 벽체 내 수분축적을 감소시키기 위해 수행되었다. 이를 위해 벽체 구성 요소를 변화시켜 실험을 진행하였다. 벽체 구성요소는 방습지 및 공기층을 추가하였고, 이들의 변화에 따른 수분이동의 변화를 조사하기 위하여 실내외 온습도 차이가 뚜렷한 가혹조건에서 기본벽체와 제안벽체의 비교실험을 진행하였다. 실험결과 실내 측 방습지 추가로 방습성능을 높이는 것은 실내로부터의 수분이동 감소에 효과적으로 나타났지만 두 개의 방습지를 설치하는 경우 과도한 방습 성능이나 부적절한 위치선정으로 벽체의 내부의 상대습도를 높이는 것으로 나타났다. 공기층 추가는 환기 효과에 의해 벽체 내부에서 실외로 수분이동을 야기하였다. 공기층에 의해 실내로부터 벽체 내부로 유입되는 수분이동을 막을 대안을 찾는다면 환기에 의한 벽체 내 수분감소 효과를 극대화 할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.65-71
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• 1996

In the design of wood structures, the consideration of the dynamic load effect has been increased. Generally, damping ratio is presented as the method of considering dynamic load effect. So, the relationship between joint type and damping ratio was investigated. It has been known that the joint extremely damp the dynamic load in wood structures. Static test was performed to determine the effects of nail size and friction area on joint strength and stiffness. Joint strength and stiffness were increased with nail size. However, the static properties of joint was not affected by friction area. Cyclic test was performed to determine the effects of nail size, friction area and load magnitude on damping ratio, Damping ratio was affected by all factors. Increasing the width of the bottom plate was suggested as the most adequate method to increase the damping ratio without the reduction of the static properties of the structures.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.177-183
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• 2009

경상북도 청도군에 있는 4곳의 고택을 답사하고 기둥의 특징을 분석함과 아울러 기둥 부재 시료를 대상으로 광학현미경 기법을 사용하여 수종 식별을 실시하였다. 기둥은 직경(또는 한 변의 길이)과 배치 간격, 높이 등이 서로 관련성을 갖는데 기둥 사이의 간격에 따라 보통 기둥의 직경과 기둥의 길이를 기본단위로 하여 축조됨을 알 수 있었다. 수종 식별 결과 3곳의 고택에서는 침엽수 목재가, 1곳의 고택에서는 활엽수 목재가 확인되었다. 이중 활엽수 목재는 밤나무이고 침엽수 목재는 모두 소나무인 것으로 식별되었다. 전통적으로 목구조부재로 소나무가 많이 사용되었다고는 하나 일부 활엽수재도 구조용재로 사용된 것으로 밝혀졌다.