• 제목/요약/키워드: light therapy

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Idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease presenting progressive reticular honeycomb infiltration of lung and immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin G4 dominant hypergammaglobulinemia: a case report

  • Kim, Hyun-Je;Hong, Young-Hoon
    • Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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    • 제39권2호
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    • pp.153-160
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    • 2022
  • Multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) is an uncommon systemic lymphoproliferative disorder that may cause multiple organ damage. Castleman disease-associated diffuse parenchymal lung disease (DPLD) has not been well studied. A 32-year-old man was referred to our hospital for progressive generalized weakness, light-headedness, and dyspnea on exertion for more than one year. Laboratory evaluations showed profound anemia, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and an increased C-reactive protein level with polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia. Chest radiography, computed tomography (CT), and positron emission tomography-CT scan demonstrated diffuse lung infiltration with multiple cystic lesions and multiple lymphadenopathy. In addition to these clinical laboratory findings, bone marrow, lung, and lymph node biopsies confirmed the diagnosis of idiopathic MCD (iMCD). Siltuximab, an interleukin-6 inhibitor, and glucocorticoid therapy were initiated. The patient has been tolerating the treatment well and had no disease progression or any complications in 4 years. Herein, we report this case of human herpesvirus-8-negative iMCD-associated DPLD accompanied by multiple cystic lesions, multiple lymphadenopathy, and polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia with elevated immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgG4 levels. We recommend a close evaluation of MCD in cases of DPLD with hypergammaglobulinemia.

Design and Implementation of Magnetic Stimulation Device Suitable for Herpes Zoster and Post Herpetic Neuralgia

  • Tack, Han-Ho;Kim, Gye-Sook;Kim, Whi-Young
    • 한국정보기술학회 영문논문지
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    • 제10권2호
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    • pp.199-214
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    • 2020
  • An important technique of the present invention is primarily to parallel light detection, self-pulse therapy after diagnosis. Herpes zoster is a disease caused by varicella zoster virus, and the virus that has been latent in the dorsal root ganglion that controls the skin segment loses its immune system and physically damages it. It is an acute skin disease in which acute pain and bullous rash occur along the sensory ganglia, which are rehab by inducers such as malignant tumors. Dorsal root ganglion after complete recovery of varicella, relapsed after incubation in brain ganglion, latent virus sometimes suppressed activity by cell mediated immunity, and in cell ganglion with reduced cellular immunity. It proliferates and destroys neurons, causing pain while forming a rash and blisters. This can reduce cell necrosis and increase the phagocytosis and enzymatic activity through the movement of ions through the cell membrane, depolarization and membrane potential change, growth factor secretion, calcium ion transfer, chondrocyte synthesis, etc., And may offer treatment options for lesions of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN).Therefore, according to the present research, the diagnosis and treatment device of treating paing for herpes zoster and post-herpetic pain can be implemented in the early stage of herpes zoster, and conventional analgesic regulation, anti-inflammatory effect, post-herpetic neuralgia.

A Study on the Health Changes of Students in Long-Term Online Classes due to COVID-19

  • Seon Ahr Cho;Hong Chul Chae;Jun Sik Min;Seong Jae Lee
    • International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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    • 제11권3호
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    • pp.18-25
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    • 2023
  • The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the educational landscape for students across the globe, leading to a shift towards long-term online learning. This study aims to examine the changes in the health status of college and university students before and after the transition to online classes. We conducted a survey questionnaire among 200 students enrolled at K University in Gangwon-do, including participants from both the Department of Visual Optics and the Department of Physical Therapy. The survey employed a 5-point Likert scale to evaluate a range of health-related factors, including physical and mental well-being, alterations in lifestyle, and academic performance. Both male and female students experienced a decline in physical strength and exercise during the online class period, while mental health and overall happiness showed improvement, particularly among female students. Notable shifts in lifestyle emerged, including an increased usage of electronic devices and enhanced familial connections. The study also shed light on intriguing trends related to academic accomplishments and adherence to official quarantine guidelines. In sum, the findings of this study offer valuable foundational information for the maintenance of students' well-being during online learning, as well as the development of effective strategies for online education in future academic settings.

Therapeutic Effect of Low-Energy Nitrogen Plasma Pulses on Tinea Pedis

  • Kim, Heesu;Kim, Hyun-Jo;Cho, Sung Bin
    • Medical Lasers
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    • 제8권1호
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    • pp.28-31
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    • 2019
  • Superficial fungal infections with dermatophytes, nondermatophyte molds, or yeasts are treated primarily with topical and/or systemic antifungal agents. Additional or alternative treatment modalities, particularly energy-delivering modalities, however, are used widely to induce fungicidal effects via selective photothermal reactions. In addition to light- or laser-based devices, plasma therapy also has antifungal properties. This report describes a Korean male patient with mycologically confirmed tinea pedis that was treated effectively with two sessions of nitrogen plasma treatment at one-week intervals using a plasma delivering system. Nitrogen plasma was prepared by loading a 0.28-ml inert nitrogen gas/pulse that was activated by a microwave generator. The other treatment settings were a nozzle diameter of 5 mm, pulse energy of 0.75 J, pulse duration of 7 msec, and two passes. One week after the first session of nitrogen plasma treatment, the patient exhibited marked reductions in scale and inflammation. One month after the final treatment, no clinical features of recurrence were found, and successive potassium hydroxide testing revealed negative results.

Total Scalp의 방사선 치료 시 Helmet Bolus 제작방법에 관한 연구 (Comparison of Three Different Helmet Bolus Device for Total Scalp Irradiation)

  • 송용민;김종식;홍채선;주상규;박주영;박수연
    • 대한방사선치료학회지
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    • 제24권1호
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    • pp.31-37
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    • 2012
  • 목 적: Total Scalp의 방사선 치료 시 표면선량(surface dose)을 증가시키기 위해 조직보상체(bolus)를 사용한다. 이에 본 저자는 두피(scalp) 전체를 덮는 조직보상체로서 Bolx-II, paraffin wax, solid thermoplastic물질을 각각 적용한 Helmet bolus를 제작하여 유용성을 비교 평가해보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: Rando 팬톰을 이용하여 두피 고정용구(mask)를 만든 후 전체 두피에 Bolx-II (Action Products, USA), paraffin wax (Densply, USA), solid thermoplastic 물질(Med-Tec, USA)을 0.5 cm 두께로 동일하게 적용한 Helmet bolus를 각각 제작 하였다. 각 Helmet bolus에 대한 물리적 특성을 평가하기 위해 전산화 단층촬영(computed tomography) (GE, Ultra Light Speed16)을 시행 후 방사선치료계획시스템(radiation therapy planning system) (Philips, Pinnacle)을 이용하여 최적의 치료 계획(radiationtherapy plan)을 세웠으며, 각 조직 보상체(bolus)에 대한 밀도 변화(density variation)화를 분석하였다. 선량 분포(dose distribution)평가(evaluation)를 위해 선량체적히스토그램(Dose-Volume Histogram) (DVH)을 이용해 임상표적체적(Clinical Target Volume) (CTV)에 대한 Dose-homogeneity index (DHI, $D_{90}/D_{10}$), Conformity index (CI, $V_{95}/TV$)를, 정상 뇌 조직(Normal brain tissue)에 있어$V_{20}$, $V_{30}$을 각각 구하여 비교 하였다. 또한 총 제작시간을 측정하여 제작과정에서의 효율성을 평가하였고, 열형광선량계 (Thermoluminescent Dosimeter)를 사용하여 실제 치료 시 각 두피의 표면선량을 확인 하였다. 결 과: Bolx-II, paraffin wax, solid thermoplastic 물질에 대한 밀도측정(density measurement) 결과 $0.952{\pm}0.13g/cm^3$, $0.842{\pm}0.17g/cm^3$, $0.908{\pm}0.24g/cm^3$로 Bolx-II의 밀도변화(density variation)가 가장 작았다. Bolx-II, paraffin wax, solid thermoplastic 물질을 적용한 각 Helmet bolus DHI는 0.89, 0.85, 0.77, CI는 0.86, 0.78, 0.74로 Bolx-II가 가장 우수 하였으며, 정상조직에 있어 뇌(braintissue)의 $V_{20}$은 11.50%, 10.80%, 10.07%, $V_{30}$은 7.62%, 7.40%, 7.31%로 나타났다. 제작 시 총 소요 시간은 30분, 120분, 90분 이였으며, Bolx-II를 적용한 Helmet bolus 제작과정이 가장 간단하였다. 열형광선량계(Thermoluminescent Dosimeter) 측정 결과세 Helmet bolus 모두 ${\pm}7%$ 이내의 선량오차를 보였다. 결 론: Total Scalp의 방사선치료 시 Bolx-II를 사용한 Helmet bolus의 적용은 CTV (Clinical Target Volume)에 대한 Homogeneity와 Conformity를 높여 줄 뿐만 아니라 제작시간 및 제작방법이 간단하여 임상 적용 시 유용하리라 생각된다.

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Streptococcus mutans에 대한 클로르헥시딘과 Erythrosine 광역동 치료의 상승효과 (Enhancement of Erythrosine Photodynamic Therapy against Streptococcus mutans by Chlorhexidine)

  • 박종철;박호원;이시영
    • 대한소아치과학회지
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    • 제40권4호
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    • pp.241-246
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    • 2013
  • 이 연구의 목적은 치과 임상에서 널리 사용되는 항미생물제제인 클로르헥시딘과 할로겐을 이용한 erythrosine 광역동 치료를 병용하였을 때, 부유 상태의 Streptococcus mutans에 미치는 항균효과를 평가하기 위함이다. S. mutans 표준 균주를 Brain Heart Infusion broth medium에 첨가하여 부유 상태로 배양하였다. 치과용 할로겐 광중합 장치를 광원으로 사용하였으며 치태 착색제인 erythrosine을 광감각제로 사용하였다. 클로르헥시딘의 최소살균농도를 측정하고, erythrosine 광역동 치료에서 최소살균농도를 결정하기 위해 $1{\mu}M$, $5{\mu}M$, $10{\mu}M$의 erythrosine 농도를 사용하여 할로겐 광중합기로 15초 동안 광조사를 시행한 후 세균수를 측정하였다. 마지막으로 클로르헥시딘과 erythrosine 광역동 치료를 병용한 경우 나타나는 상승효과를 평가하기 위해, 최소살균농도 이하인 0.001% 클로르헥시딘과 최소살균농도 이하인 $1{\mu}M$ erythrosine 광역동 치료를 병용하여 항균효과를 비교하였다. 최소살균농도 이하의 클로르헥시딘만 단독으로 사용하는 경우 S. mutans의 세균수가 유의하게 감소하지 않았다(p < 0.05). 또한 erythrosine 광역동 치료만 단독으로 시행한 경우에는 $5{\mu}M$, $10{\mu}M$의 erythrosine 농도에서 유의하게 세균수가 감소하였지만, $1{\mu}M$ erythrosine 농도에서는 세균수가 유의하게 감소하지 않았다(p < 0.05). 마지막으로 두 가지 치료법의 상승효과를 평가하기 위해 최소살균농도 이하인 $1{\mu}M$ erythrosine 광역동 치료와 0.001% 클로르헥시딘을 병용하는 경우에는, 대조군과 비교하여 세균수가 유의하게 감소하였다(p < 0.05). 최소살균농도 이하인 0.001% 클로르헥시딘과 $1{\mu}M$ erythrosine 광역동 치료를 각각 단독으로 시행하는 경우에는 유의한 항균효과가 없었지만, 두 가지 치료를 병용하는 경우 61%의 S. mutans 세균수가 감소하였다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼때 S. mutans에 대해 최소살균농도 이하의 클로르헥시딘과 erythrosine 광역동 치료를 병용하는 경우 상승효과가 있음을 알 수 있다.

THE CURRENT STATUS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING IN THE USA

  • Webster, John G.
    • 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한의용생체공학회 1992년도 춘계학술대회
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    • pp.27-47
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    • 1992
  • Engineers have developed new instruments that aid in diagnosis and therapy Ultrasonic imaging has provided a nondamaging method of imaging internal organs. A complex transducer emits ultrasonic waves at many angles and reconstructs a map of internal anatomy and also velocities of blood in vessels. Fast computed tomography permits reconstruction of the 3-dimensional anatomy and perfusion of the heart at 20-Hz rates. Positron emission tomography uses certain isotopes that produce positrons that react with electrons to simultaneously emit two gamma rays in opposite directions. It locates the region of origin by using a ring of discrete scintillation detectors, each in electronic coincidence with an opposing detector. In magnetic resonance imaging, the patient is placed in a very strong magnetic field. The precessing of the hydrogen atoms is perturbed by an interrogating field to yield two-dimensional images of soft tissue having exceptional clarity. As an alternative to radiology image processing, film archiving, and retrieval, picture archiving and communication systems (PACS) are being implemented. Images from computed radiography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), nuclear medicine, and ultrasound are digitized, transmitted, and stored in computers for retrieval at distributed work stations. In electrical impedance tomography, electrodes are placed around the thorax. 50-kHz current is injected between two electrodes and voltages are measured on all other electrodes. A computer processes the data to yield an image of the resistivity of a 2-dimensional slice of the thorax. During fetal monitoring, a corkscrew electrode is screwed into the fetal scalp to measure the fetal electrocardiogram. Correlations with uterine contractions yield information on the status of the fetus during delivery To measure cardiac output by thermodilution, cold saline is injected into the right atrium. A thermistor in the right pulmonary artery yields temperature measurements, from which we can calculate cardiac output. In impedance cardiography, we measure the changes in electrical impedance as the heart ejects blood into the arteries. Motion artifacts are large, so signal averaging is useful during monitoring. An intraarterial blood gas monitoring system permits monitoring in real time. Light is sent down optical fibers inserted into the radial artery, where it is absorbed by dyes, which reemit the light at a different wavelength. The emitted light travels up optical fibers where an external instrument determines O2, CO2, and pH. Therapeutic devices include the electrosurgical unit. A high-frequency electric arc is drawn between the knife and the tissue. The arc cuts and the heat coagulates, thus preventing blood loss. Hyperthermia has demonstrated antitumor effects in patients in whom all conventional modes of therapy have failed. Methods of raising tumor temperature include focused ultrasound, radio-frequency power through needles, or microwaves. When the heart stops pumping, we use the defibrillator to restore normal pumping. A brief, high-current pulse through the heart synchronizes all cardiac fibers to restore normal rhythm. When the cardiac rhythm is too slow, we implant the cardiac pacemaker. An electrode within the heart stimulates the cardiac muscle to contract at the normal rate. When the cardiac valves are narrowed or leak, we implant an artificial valve. Silicone rubber and Teflon are used for biocompatibility. Artificial hearts powered by pneumatic hoses have been implanted in humans. However, the quality of life gradually degrades, and death ensues. When kidney stones develop, lithotripsy is used. A spark creates a pressure wave, which is focused on the stone and fragments it. The pieces pass out normally. When kidneys fail, the blood is cleansed during hemodialysis. Urea passes through a porous membrane to a dialysate bath to lower its concentration in the blood. The blind are able to read by scanning the Optacon with their fingertips. A camera scans letters and converts them to an array of vibrating pins. The deaf are able to hear using a cochlear implant. A microphone detects sound and divides it into frequency bands. 22 electrodes within the cochlea stimulate the acoustic the acoustic nerve to provide sound patterns. For those who have lost muscle function in the limbs, researchers are implanting electrodes to stimulate the muscle. Sensors in the legs and arms feed back signals to a computer that coordinates the stimulators to provide limb motion. For those with high spinal cord injury, a puff and sip switch can control a computer and permit the disabled person operate the computer and communicate with the outside world.

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초음파 조영제의 합성 및 합성된 초음파 조영제의 특성 분석 (Synthesis of Ultrasound Contrast Agent: Characteristics and Size Distribution Analysis)

  • 이학종;윤태종;윤영일
    • Ultrasonography
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    • 제32권1호
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    • pp.59-65
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    • 2013
  • 목적: 본 연구는 초음파 조영제를 직접 합성하고 그 크기 및 소멸 시간 등의 특성을 분석하며, 기존의 초음파 조영제와의 영상을 비교하여 앞으로 초음파 조영제를 매개로 한 영상 유도 하 약물 및 유전자 치료제의 전달 시스템 구축의 기본을 갖추고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 초음파 조영제는 21마이크로 몰의 DPPC(1, 2-Dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, $C_{40}H_{80}NO_8P$), 9 마이크로 몰의 콜레스테롤, 1.9 마이크로 몰의 DCP(Dihexadecylphosphate, $[CH_3(CH_2)_{15}O]_2P(O)OH$) 및 클로로포름 및 SF6 기체를 이용하여 합성하였다. 약 12-24시간의 동결건조 후에 초음파 조영제는 SF6 기체와 초음파 처리(sonication) 법을 이용하여 합성하였고 그 초음파 조영제의 크기는 압출기를 이용하여 일정한 크기로 조정하였다. 합성된 초음파 조영제는 동적 광산란 측정법(dynamic light scattering measurement)을 이용하여 그 크기를 분석하였다. 한편 합성한 초음파 조영제의 소멸 양상을 평가하기 위하여 광학 현미경을 이용하여 그 숫자를 합성 직후, 12시간, 24시간, 36시간, 48시간, 60시간, 72시간 및 84시간 후에 평가하였다. 초음파 조영제로서의 효과를 평가하기 위하여 모형을 만들어 현재 임상적으로 사용되고 있는 초음파 조영제와 그 에코를 비교 분석하였다. 결과: 초음파 조영제는 동결건조-초음파 처리 방법을 통하여 성공적으로 합성 할 수 있었다. 합성된 초음파 조영제는 154.2 nm의 정점 (peak)에서 가장 많이 분포하였으며 합성 후 24시간부터는 입자의 숫자들이 감소하는 양상을 보였다. 소노뷰와 합성된 초음파 조영제의 에코밝기는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았으나 소노뷰와 생리식염수 및 합성된 초음파 조영제와 생리식염수의 에코 밝기는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다 (p < 0.01). 결론: 본 연구를 통하여 초음파 조영제를 직접 합성할 수 있는 방법을 습득할 수 있었고 그 크기 및 특성을 분석할 수 있었다.

On Board Imager (OBI)를 이용한 Setup Error 분석에 대한 연구 (Analyses of the Setup Errors using on Board Imager (OBI))

  • 김종덕;이행오;유재만;지동화;송주영
    • 대한방사선치료학회지
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    • 제19권1호
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    • pp.1-5
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    • 2007
  • 목적: 방사선치료 시 OBI (on board imager) 시스템으로 환자 셋업 오차(set-up error)를 확인, 보정한 결과를 분석하여, 셋업 오차(set-up error)의 경향 및 원인을 살펴보고, 기존 필름과 EPID (electronic portal imaging device)를 사용한 방법에 비해 OBI의 정확성과 유용성에 대하여 알아보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 2006년 3월부터 2006년 5월까지 본원에 내원한 3차원 치료계획 환자 130명을 대상으로 주 1회 이상 OBI를 이용하여 치료전 셋업 영상의 분석을 시행하였다. 직각으로 획득한 2개의 영상을 모의 치료실에서 획득한 기준영상(reference image)과 합성(Fusion) 후 분석을 하였다. 분석 후 Vertical, Lateral, Longitudinal 방향으로 변위(Shift)거리를 측정하여 오차를 분석했다. 또한, 주요 부위별, 방향별로 구분하여 셋업 오차(set-up error) 요인들을 비교, 평가하였다. 결과: OBI를 적용하여 분석한 환자 41.5%에서 변위가 없이 Setup이 정확하였고, 52.3%에서 $1{\sim}5mm$정도의 오차가 존재하였다. 5 mm오차 이상인 환자도 6.1%가 확인되었다. 5 mm이상의 오차를 보인 환자들은 치료실내에서 확인한 결과 환자의 움직임이나 모의치료 자세와의 차이에서 오는 결과임을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 3 mm이상의 오차 경향이 3번 이상 지속될 경우에는 모의 치료실로 이동하여 보정후 치료를 시행하였다. 결론: 치료 전 2인의 근무자가 셋업을 정확히 하고 3면의 레이저와 조사야를 확인하였지만, 직각의 KV 영상으로 분석한 결과 셋업 오차가 발생할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 기존의 EPID에 의한 MV 영상은 낮은 영상의 특성과 환자의 피폭선량 증가라는 단점이 존재하지만, 본 연구에서 분석한 OBI는 모의 치료와 같은 높은 화질의 영상으로 셋업 오차의 정확한 계산과 객관적인 셋업 보정이 가능하여 영상유도 방사선치료의 정확도와 유용성을 입증할 수 있었다.

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복합운동훈련이 신생 흰쥐의 알코올성 소뇌손상 후 운동기능 및 신경연접가소성에 미치는 영향 (The Effects of Complex Motor Training on Motor Function and Synaptic Plasticity After Neonatal Binge-like Alcohol Exposure in Rats)

  • 이선민;구현모;권혁철
    • 한국전문물리치료학회지
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    • 제12권3호
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    • pp.56-66
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    • 2005
  • The purposes of this study were to test that complex motor training enhance motor function significantly, to test change in cerebellum, and to test the synaptic plasticity into the immunohistochemistry response of synaptophysin. Using an animal model of fetal alcohol syndrome - which equates peak blood alcohol concentrations across developmental period - the effects of alcohol on body weight during periods were examined. The effect of complex motor training on motor function and synaptic plasticity of rat exposed alcohol on postnatal days 4 through 10 were studied. Newborn rats were assigned to one of two groups: (1) normal group (NG), via artificial rearing to milk formula and (2) alcohol groups (AG), via 4.5 g/kg/day of ethanol in a milk solution. After completion of the treatments, the pups were fostered back to lactating dams, where they were raised in standard cages (two-and three animals per cage) until they were postnatal 48 days. Rats from alcohol group of postnatal treatment then spent 10 days in one of two groups: Alcohol-experimental group was had got complex motor training (learning traverse a set of 6 elevated obstacles) for 4 weeks. The alcohol-control group was not trained. Before consider replacing with "the experiment/study", (avoid using "got" in writing) the rats were examined during four behavioral tests and their body weights were measured, then their coronal sections were processed in rabbit polyclonal antibody synaptophysin. The synaptophysin expression in the cerebellar cortex was investigated using a light microscope. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The alcohol groups contained significantly higher alcohol concentrations than the normal group. 2. The alcohol groups had significantly lower body weights than the normal group. 3. In alcohol groups performed significantly lower than the normal group on the motor behavioral test. 4. In alcohol-control group showed significantly decreased immunohistochemistric response of the synaptophysin in the cerebellar cortex compared to the nomal group. These results suggest that improved motor function induced by complex motor training after postnatal exposure is associated with dynamically altered expression of synaptophysin in cerebellar cortex and that is related with synaptic plasticity. Also, these data can potentially serve as a model for therapeutic intervention.

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