• Food Quality and Culture
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.13-17
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• 2007

The volatile flavor compounds of Saussurea lappa C.B. Clarke, a perennial, aromatic and medicinal herbaceous plant of the Asteraceae family, were isolated by the hydro distillation extraction method using a Clevenger-type apparatus, and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The plant yielded a light yellow colored oil (0.02%, v/w). From S. lappa C.B. Clarke root oil, sixty-three volatile flavor compounds were tentatively identified, among which sesquiterpene was predominant (21.70%). The identified compounds of the root oil constituted 87.47% of the total peak area. From the constituents making up more than 5% of the volatile flavor components, a long-chain aldehyde, (7Z, 10Z, 13Z)-7, 10, 13-hexadecatrienal, was the most abundant volatile flavor compound (21.20%), followed by dehydrocostuslactone (10.30%) belonging to sesquiterpene lactone, valerenol (5.30%) and vulgarol B (5.06%).

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.23-23
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• 2003

GaN-related semiconductors are of great technological importance for the fabrication of optoelectronic devices, such as blue and ultra violet light emitting diodes (LEDs), laser diodes, and photo-detectors. One of the most important applications of GaN-based LEDs is solid-state lighting, which could replace incandescent bulbs and ultimately fluorescent lamps. For solid-state lighting applications, the achievement of high extraction efficiency in LED structures is essential. For flip-chip LEDs (FCLEDS), the formation of low resistance and high reflective p-GaN contact is crucial. So far, a wide variety of different methods have been employed to improve the ohmic properties of p-type contacts to GaN. For example, surface treatments using different chemical solutions have been successfully used to produce high-quality ohmic contacts, Metallization schemes, such as Ta/Ti contacts to p-GaN, were also investigated. For these contacts, the removal of hydrogen atoms from the Mg atoms doped n the GaN was argued to be responsible for low contact resistances.

• BMB Reports
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.353-357
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• 2000

A new assay method of ${\alpha}-Oxidase$ (fatty acid : oxygen dioxygenase, 1-decarboxylating) was developed using a bioluminescence reaction system of marine luminous bacterium, Photobacterium phosphoreum. ${\alpha}$-Oxidase was isolated from a cucumber (Cucumis sativus). Pentadecanoic acid was used as a substrate, and the product, tetradecanal, was analyzed with a bacterial luciferase-coupled reaction. Initial light intensity was directly related to the concentration of tetradecanal in the range of 1 nM to 10 ${\mu}M$. Optimal pH and temperature were 7.5 and $25^{\circ}C$, respectively. Optimal pentadecanoic acid concentration in a standard assay of ${\alpha}$-oxidase was 0.1 mM. The Km value of pentedecanoic acid was $85{\mu}M$. This method is straightforward, rapid, convenient, and easy. Its needs no treatment or extraction of reaction mixture.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.8-13
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• 2009

LED BLU(Back Light Unit), based on MCPCB(Metal Core Printed Circuit Board) with anodizing oxide dielectric layer and improved thermal dissipation property, are presented. Reflecting cups were also formed on the surface of the MCPCB such that optical coupling between neighboring chips were minimized for improving the photon extraction efficiency. LED chips were directly attached on the MCPCB by using the COB (Chip On Board) scheme.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.646-649
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• 2004

LiDAR(Light Detection and Ranging) system can record intensity data as well as range data. Recently, LiDAR intensity data is widely used for landcover classification, ancillary data of feature extraction, vegetation species identification, and so on. Since the intensity return value is associated with several factors, same features is not consistent for same flight or multiple flights. This paper investigated correlation between intensity and range data. Once the effects of range was determined, the single flight line normalization and the multiple flight line normalization was performed by an empirical function that was derived from relationship between range and return intensity

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.1244-1248
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• 2005

In this paper, we propose fuzzy c-means (FCM) to solve recognition errors in invariant range image, multi-pose face recognition. Scale, center and pose error problems were solved using geometric transformation. Range image face data was digitized into range image data by using the laser range finder that does not depend on the ambient light source. Then, the digitized range image face data is used as a model to generate multi-pose data. Each pose data size was reduced by linear reduction into the database. The reduced range image face data was transformed to the gradient face model for facial feature image extraction and also for matching using the fuzzy membership adjusted by fuzzy c-means. The proposed method was tested using facial range images from 40 people with normal facial expressions. The output of the detection and recognition system has to be accurate to about 93 percent. Simultaneously, the system must be robust enough to overcome typical image-acquisition problems such as noise, vertical rotated face and range resolution.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.655-658
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• 2003

The crack of concrete structure plays an important role in the durability and safety of structure. Therefore, the features such as width, length, and direction of that must be measured periodically. The conventional method of measurement of cracks is manually sketched, however. it takes a fairly long time and lacks quantitative objectivity. This study proposes the algorithm to extract and analyze cracks automatically. The proposed algorithm is composed of two sub-algorithms. The extraction algorithm includes elimination of effect due to light, binarization. and noise reduction. The analysis algorithm includes thinning process, labeling, and calculation of crack width, length, and direction. The test to demonstrate the algorithm is fulfilled using the images of cracks on real concrete surface.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.15-23
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• 2003

Chestnut trees have been used as a dyeing material, which are grow naturally, are cultivated all the area of Korea. So, there is abundant amount of the materials and they have better colorfastness than other natural dyeing materials. But chestnut husk extract is good at silk and wool fabrics, not cotton fabrics. That's why many methods using chestnut extraction for dyeing are being studied. But most of them depend on treatment method with chemical material which doesn't fit with the aim, using natural materials. Therefore in this research, we used protein pre-treatment method which is dyeing chestnut husk extract after treating at cotton fabrics with bean sap. And we studied the effect of dyeability of chestnut husk extract to cotton fabrics. As a result of pre-treatment of bean sap at cotton fabrics, dyeability was increased. Besides laundering fastness, dry cleaning fastness, perspiration fastness and light fastness were almost increased.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.229-238
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to investigate the objectification of coloring matter abstraction of the way to natural dye by cathamus flower. Watersoluble carthamin in the dyeing cathamus flower was removed for the fastness of dyeing and only insoluble carthamon was abstracted which came by solvent such as Sodium hydroxide(NaOH) Potassium hydroxide(KOH) Sodium carbonate(Na2CO3)and Potassi-um carbonate(K2CO3) Carthamon made abstract essence from a carthamus flower out of the pH6, pH7, pH9, pH11, solvent and by using a UV/VIS Spectra according to the change of pH. Silk dyes with solution abstract carthamon and it was treated by 5 kinds of mordant. The table of surface-colors was measured by the number of dyeing the color of silk dyed and by the kind of mordant which treated with and the dyeing was evaluated by measuring Color Fastness to Light and Washing.

• ALGAE
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.127-133
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• 2002

The red seaweed Eucheuma serra is a high yielding source of lectins. The plants were collected from a depth of 5-6 meters and cultured in the laboratory, field and deep seawater. A Daily Growht Rate (DGR) of 3.5% was observed at 18℃ with a low light of 30μmol photon $ m^{-2} · s^{_1}$ in the laboratory. When the plants were cultured in the field at different depths during winter onths of December and January, best growth was observed at 1 m depth and a DGR of 2.14±0.04% was recorded. The plants grown in the tank with a continuous supply of deep seawater showed a DGR of 8.2% The results indicate that E. serra can be cultivated in large scale both in deep seawater in the tank and in the field for the extraction of lectins at a commercial scale.