• Advances in Energy Research
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.121-146
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• 2016

This study is concerned with the analysis of two renewable technologies for electric energy production: wind energy and photovoltaic energy. The two technologies were assessed and compared by economic point of view, by using selected indicators characterized by a clear calculation approach, requirement of information easy to be collected, clear, but even complete, interpretation of results. The used economic indicators are Levelized Cost of Energy, $CO_2$ abatement cost and fossil fuel saving specific cost; these last two specifically aimed at evaluating the different capabilities that renewable technologies have to cut down direct $CO_2$ emissions and to avoid fossil fuel extraction. The two technologies were compared also from the environmental point of view by applying Life Cycle Assessment approach and using the environmental impact categories from the Eco-indicator'95 method. The economic analysis was developed by taking into account different energy system sizes and different geographic areas in order to compare different European conditions (Italy, Germany and Denmark) in term of renewable resource availability and market trend. The environmental analysis was developed comparing two particular types of PV and wind plants, respectively residential and micro-wind turbine, located in Italy. According to the three calculated economic indicators, the wind energy emerged as more favorable than PV energy. From the environmental point of view, both the technologies are able to provide savings for almost all the considered environmental impact categories. The proposed approach, based on the use of economic and environmental indicators may be useful in supporting the policies and the decision making procedures concerned with the promotion and use of renewables, in reference to the specific geographic, economic and temporal conditions.

• Spatial Information Research
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2015

본 연구는 기본설계단계 건축물의 환경성능을 보다 정량적이고 객관적으로 평가를 위해 BIM기반 건축물의 전과정 온실가스 배출량 평가를 위한 친환경 템플릿 개발을 목적으로 한다. 템플릿을 활용하는 사용자는 건축물 설계 시타 환경성능분석 시뮬레이션의 도움 없이 다양한 환경성능의 고려가 가능하며 전과정평가에 대한 사전지식이 없는 사용자들도 건축물의 전과정 평가를 용이하게 할 수 있다는 장점을 가지고 있다. 이를 위해 건축물 주요 건축자재를 선정하여 6대 환경영향 데이터베이스와 조달청 표준공사코드를 분석하여 구축하였다. 또한 전과정 평가를 용이하게 하기 위해 데이터베이스를 매칭한 주요 건축자재 패밀리를 개발하였다. 설계단계 주요 건축자재에 따른 패밀리를 활용하여 모델링 시 BIM 프로그램인 Revit 내에서 평가결과를 확인하기 위해 Revit 프로그램의 일람표기능을 활용하여 환경성능에 대한 의사결정이 가능하도록 하였다. 또한, 구축된 패밀리의 활용과 추가적인 패밀리 구축에 필요한 과정을 가이드라인으로 작성하여 제안하였다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.256-262
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• 2011

현재까지 농작물의 온실가스 배출량 산정은 주 투입 물질인 비료의 국내 LCI DB가 없어 외국 LCI DB를 사용하였다. 이로 인해 우리나라 실정에 맞는 정확한 온실가스 배출량을 산정할 수 없었다. 따라서 본 연구를 통해 농작물의 생장을 위해 필수 요소로 투입되는 복합비료의 온실가스 배출량을 계산함으로써 농작물의 탄소성적 산정을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 또한 각 농산물 연간 온실가스 배출량과의 비교를 통해 복합비료가 차지하는 정도를 살펴봄으로써 복합비료 사용량 감축 정책 등을 위한 정보를 제공하고자 하였다. 분석결과 복합비료 1 kg 생산에 따른 온실가스 배출량은 21-17-17, 17-21-17, 15-15-15, 기타 각각 2.42E + 00, 2.10E + 00, 2.23E + 00, $3.56E+00kg\;CO_2\;eq.\;kg^{-1}$를 나타냈다. 다음으로 작물에 투입되는 복합비료로 인해 발생하게 되는 온실가스는 쌀, 겉보리, 쌀보리, 노지고추, 양파 작물 대비 각각 48.3%, 47.6%, 40.4%, 32.3%, 29.0%로 큰 부분을 차지하였다. 따라서 맞춤형 비료 정책, 효율적인 시비 등의 노력을 기울여 복합비료 사용량을 감소시킨다면 농업부문의 온실가스 배출량 또한 저감시킬 수 있을 것이다.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2006

Purpose: This study aimed to explore changes in symptom distress and functional status in gynecologic cancer patients during the entire treatment cycles of chemotherapy. Methods: A prospective and longitudinal study with repeated measures was designed. Symptom Distress Scale and Karnofsky Performance Status Index were included in a daily log developed for self-administration. A total of 39 patients with a mean age of 48.4 years participated. Results: The levels of symptom distress and functional status changed significantly over the six cycles. Symptom distress kept increasing until its peak at the fourth cycle, while the functional status scored lowest at the first cycle, then it improved as the cycle repeated. In each cycle, symptom distress was marked higher during the first 6 days accompanying poor functional status. However, both changes did not recover completely until the end of each cycle. Conclusion: Nursing assessment and intervention need to be provided based on these changing patterns to help cancer patients cope and adjust successfully during the long treatment period. Further studies are needed to examine the impact of the major symptoms on psychological responses, quality of life, and outcomes of the cancer treatments.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.69-76
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• 2020

도로의 부속시설인 교량은 시공과정에서 콘크리트 및 강재와 같이 환경영향이 큰 자원을 다량 소비하며 이로 인해 큰 환경적 부담을 발생시킨다. 교량의 시공으로 인해 발생하는 환경영향을 줄이기 위해서는 초기 설계단계에서 합리적인 자료를 토대로 환경영향에 대한 검토가 수행되어야 한다. 이 연구는 초기 설계단계의 교량형식 선정과정에서 LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) 기반의 환경영향평가가 가능한 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 기 시공된 4가지 형식(일반 PSC거더, IPC거더, e-Beam, DR거더)의 PSC교량에 대한 설계자료를 수집하고 LCA를 수행하여 환경부하 원단위값과 영향요인을 분석하였다. 분석결과 IPC거더의 환경영향이 가장 작게 나타났고, e-Beam의 환경영향은 IPC거더 보다 133.7% 크게 평가되었다. 또한 콘크리트, 철근, PC강연선, 각재, 쉬즈관, 강판이 PSC거더 전체 환경영향의 약 98.5%를 발생시키는 주요인자로 도출되었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.716-721
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• 2010

농산물 탄소성적표지제도 도입을 위한 농업분야 LCI database에 대한 연구를 위하여 쌀의 생산체계를 대상으로 전과정평가를 수행하였다. LCI 구축을 위한 영농 투입물과 산출물에 대한 데이터결과 유기질비료와 복합비료가 각각 4.29E-01 kg $kg^{-1}$ rice, 2.30E-01 kg $kg^{-1}$ rice으로 영농단계에서 가장 높은 투입량을 보였고, 영농단계에서 발생하는 직접대기배출물이 3.23E-02 kg $kg^{-1}$ rice의 배출값을 나타내었다. 쌀생산체계에서 발생하는 온실가스를 중심으로 전과정 목록분석을 수행한 결과 탄소성적값은 8.70E-01 kg $CO_2$-eq. $kg^{-1}$ rice이었다. 이 중 $CO_2$가 7.02E-01 kg $CO_2$-eq. $kg^{-1}$ rice로 온실가스 발생의 약 80%가 $CO_2$였고, $CH_4$과 $N_2O$의 배출량은 각각 13%, 5%의 비중을 차지하였다. 전과정 영향평가 결과 지구온난화에 기여하는 주요인자는 유기질비료 생산 공정이 42%, 무기질비료 생산공정이 40%로 비료생산공정에 의한 비중이 가장 높았다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.584-588
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• 2007

A comparative Life Cycle Assessment(LCA) among three types of Electric Motor Unit(EMU) Interior Panel(IP) was conducted. A functional unit for comparative LCA is a weight of IP for 1 EMU. It assumed that Manufacturing stage and its upstream processes, Use stage and End of Life(EoL) stage are included in the boundary of product system. For Use stage, the weight of IP causes electricity consumption. It is assumed that aluminum IP is recycled and the other IPs are incinerated at the EoL stage. As comparison results, aluminum IP has much larger environmental impact(5.162pt) than others(FRP IP; 4.069pt, Phenol IP; 4.053pt) even though recycling consideration is included. The manufacturing stage of aluminum has relative big envrionmental impact(1.824pt) and this point make the most important difference from other IPs(FRP IP; 0.1617pt, Phenol IP; 0.4534pt)). Despite of large weight difference between FRP IP(888.56Kg) and phenol IP(315Kg), the final environmental impact result has only little difference(0.016pt, 0.39%). With this result, the EMU designer can choose IP with a consideration of the environmental performance of IP.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.516-525
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• 2015

In this study, Life Cycle Assessment(LCA) was applied to the production processes of waste cooking oil recycling products. Recycling products as defined in the Law of Saving of Resources and Recycling Promotion are biodiesel and soap. Weighting result of biodiesel production process showed that the most significant impact potential was abiotic resource depletion(84.17%) followed by global warming(13.93%). In the case of the soap, the most significant impact potential was also abiotic resource depletion(58.59%) followed by global warming(33.71%). In terms of the whole system of the biodiesel production process, methanol showed the largest environmental impact potential(87.35%). While in the case of the soap, sodium chloride showed the largest environmental impact potential(99.99%). This study suggests that there should be improvement of the methanol recovery system in the biodiesel production process and also appropriate use of the major environmental impact materials in both processes.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.11-16
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• 2001

Concern about global environment has been increasing in recent years. Efforts to minimize the environmental impact to the globe as well as human beings have increased, especially in the late twentieth century. The study researches one of the solutions for the environmentally friendly building construction, which can contribute to sustaining the world environment. Assessment and proposals are made for high-rise apartments, one of the most popular construction types nowadays in Korea. Careful building design and construction for apartment buildings could reduce the environmental impact significantly without lowering standards of living. Since the volume of high-rise apartment construction is so great, a small improvement in each building will make a great contribution. Assessments are made over the life-span of apartment buildings. A tool has been made through references from western examples. mainly from BHEEAMs made in the United Kingdom. The components of the tool include passive design strategies, building materials. energy consumption during building operation, and management and maintenance. Co-relationship between buildings and ten environment in Korea is searched. Korean high-rise apartments are assessed with the tool and suggestions for sustainable development are made mainly for improvement of embodied energy of building materials and the life of buildings.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.73-76
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• 2009

LCA is nowadays getting popular as a tool to assess the environmental impacts. We can assess the environmental impacts of products and also compare the environmental performance between products with LCA. Furthermore, the LCA results can be used for designing eco-friendly products. But LCA needs an enormous amount of data collection, calculations of energy and material balance. which required to spend pretty much time and cost. However, If we use Input-Output Analysis, There is a lot of advantages that we can save time and cost to calculate and also analyze energy-material balance more comprehensively. Therefore, we implemented the fundamental research of the environmental impact assessment on railway system using life cycle inventory analysis and Input-Output Analysis method.