• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.131-138
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to suggest the evaluation standard of cost-effectiveness analysis for renew of architectural equipment in public building. Evaluation items of cost-effectiveness analysis for renew of architectural equipment in public building were used life cycle cost, energy consumption(ton of oil equivalent), green house gas emissions(ton of carbon dioxide) and maximum power demand. Life cycle cost is the process of making an economic assessment of an item, area, system, or facility by considering all significant costs of ownership over an economic life, expressed in terms of equivalent costs. The essence of life cycle costing is the analysis of equivalent costs of various alternative proposals. The social concern with green house gas and maximum power demand of architectural equipment field has been growing for the last several years.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.73-91
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• 2015

The effectiveness of tuned mass dampers (TMDs) in reducing the seismic response of civil structures is still a debated issue. The few studies regarding TMDs on inelastic structures indicate that they would perform well under moderate earthquake loading, when the structure remains linear or weakly nonlinear, while tending to fail under severe ground shaking, when the structure experiences strong nonlinearities. TMD seismic efficiency should be therefore rationally assessed by considering to which extent moderate and severe earthquakes respectively contribute to the expected cost of damages and losses over the lifespan of the structure. In this paper, a method for evaluating, in a life-cycle cost (LCC) perspective, the seismic effectiveness of TMDs on inelastic building structures is presented and exemplified on the SAC LA 9-storey steel moment-resisting frame benchmark building. Results show that the LCC concept may provide an appropriate alternative to traditional performance criteria for the evaluation of the effectiveness of TMDs and that TMD installation on typical existing middle-rise buildings in high seismic hazard regions may significantly reduce building lifetime cost despite the poor control performance observed under the most severe seismic events.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2002

Life Cycle Cost analysis technique is introduced to evaluate cost-effectiveness of two paint systems of steel bridges. The systems are a conventional paint system and a galvanized paint system. The all costs during safe lift such as initial cost repainting costs, disposal costs are considered for the lift cycle cost analysis. The NIST model is used and BridgeLCC 1.0 developed by the NST is utilized as the lift cycle cost analysis tool. It is concluded that, in spite of expensive initial cost, the durable paint system may be cost-effective compared with conventional paint system.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2002년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.257-264
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• 2002

This study presents a life-cycle cost (LCC) effectiveness of a concrete with lightweight aggregate. A number of researchers have made their efforts to develop a lightweight concrete, since it is difficult to apply conventional concrete using general aggregate to heavy self-weight structures such as long span bridges. In this study, an optimum design for minimizing the life-cycle cost of concrete slab bridges is performed to evaluate the life cycle cost effectiveness of the lightweight concrete relative to conventional one from the standpoint of the value engineering. The data of physical properties for new concrete can be obtained from basic experimental researches. The material properties of conventional one are acquired by various reports. This study presents a LCC effectiveness of newly developed concrete, which is made by artificial lightweight aggregate. A number of researchers have made their efforts to develop a lightweight concrete, since it is difficult to apply conventional concrete using general aggregate to heavy self-weight structures such as long span bridges. From the results of the numerical investigation, it may be positively stated that the new concrete lead to, the longer span length, the more economical slab bridges compared with structures using general concrete.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제9권2호통권42호
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• pp.17-27
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• 2005

점탄성감쇠기가 설치된 구조물의 통합최적설계기법 및 비용효율성 평가기법을 제시하였다. 구조부재와 점탄성감쇠기의 사용량을 설계변수로 하여, 생애주기비용을 최소화하도록 최적화문제를 정식화하였으며, 유전자알고리즘을 적용하여 최적의 설계변수를 검색하였다. 수치예제에 대한 통합최적설계 수행 결과를 통해 지반운동 특성에 따른 점탄성감쇠기의 최적배치 및 각 층 강성의 최적분포 경향을 분석하였으며, 점탄성감쇠기가 설치되지 않은 구조시스템과의 생애주기비용 비교를 통하여 비용효율성을 평가하였다. 점탄성감쇠기는 특히 중약진지역에서 높은 비용효율성을 보이는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 1999년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집 Proceedings of EESK Conference-Spring
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• pp.178-185
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• 1999

Minimum life-cycle cost helps to evaluate cost effectiveness of base-isolated bridges under specific condition. Life-cycle cost mainly consists of the initial construction cost and the expected damage cost. Damage cost estimation needs proper model of input ground motion failure probability evaluation method and limit states definition. We model the input ground motion as spectral density function compatible with the response spectra defined at each seismicity and site condition. Spectrum analysis and crossing theory is suitable for reseating calculation of failure probabilities in the process of cost minimization. Limit states of base-isolated bridges re defined for superstructure isolator and pier respectively The method is applied to both base-isolated bridges and conventional bridges under the same conditions to investigate cost effectiveness of base isolation in low and moderate seismic region. the results show that base-isolation of bridges are more effective in low and moderate seismic region and that the site effects on the economical efficiency may not be negligible in such a region.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.633-646
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• 2018

This study investigated the seismic performance of a hybrid damper composed of a steel slit plate and friction pads, and an optimum retrofit scheme was developed based on life cycle cost. A sample hybrid damper was tested under cyclic loading to confirm its validity as a damping device and to construct its nonlinear analysis model. The effectiveness of the optimum damper distribution schemes was investigated by comparing the seismic fragility and the life cycle costs of the model structure before and after the retrofit. The test results showed that the damper behaved stably throughout the loading history. Numerical analysis results showed that the slit-friction hybrid dampers optimally distributed based on life cycle cost proved to be effective in minimizing the failure probability and the repair cost after earthquakes.

• Computational Structural Engineering : An International Journal
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.59-69
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• 2001

This study is intended to propose a systematic approach for reliability-based assessment of life cycle cost (LCC) effectiveness and economic efficiency for cost-effective seismic upgrading of existing bridges. The LCC function is expressed as the sum of the upgrading cost and all the discounted life cycle damage costs, which is formulated as a function of the Park-Ang damage index and structural damage probability. The damage costs are expressed in terms of direct damage costs such as repair/replacement costs, human losses and property damage costs, and indirect damage costs such as road user costs and indirect regional economic losses. For dealing with a variety of uncertainties associated with earthquake loads and capacities, a simulation-based reliability approach is used. The SMART-DRAIN-2DX, which is a modified version of the well-known DRAIN-2DX, is extended by incor-porating LCC analysis based on the LCC function developed in the study. Economic efficiencies for optimal seismic upgradings of the continuous PC segmental bridges are assessed using the proposed LCC functions and benefit-cost ratio.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.791-798
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• 2020

근래의 무기체계에서 첨단기술이 차지하는 비중은 점차 커지고 있으며, 빠른 기술발전 속도로 인하여 부품의 수명주기가 단축되고 실정이다. 이에 반하여 무기체계는 소요제기단계에서 운영/유지단계까지 오랜 시간이 소모되는 특성이 있다. 이로 인하여, 불가피하게 획득 단계에서 주요부품의 단종이 발생된다. 부품단종은 양산 일정 지연의 지연을 유발할 수 있으며, 나아가 운영유지단계에서는 원활하지 못한 부품 공급으로 운용가용도(Operational Availability)에 나쁜 영향을 미치게 된다. 한편, 사업관리자는 설계, 생산, 운영단계의 총수명주기 비용을 최소화하면서 성능을 극대화할 의무가 있으며, 이를 위해서는 적절한 부품단종관리 계획을 수립하고 이행할 필요가 있다. 본 논문에서는 적절한 부품단종관리를 통하여 절감할 수 있는 회피비용 및 총수명주기비용을 통하여 부품단종관리의 효용성을 분석하였다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.11-24
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• 2009

In China, the oil and natural gas resources of Bohai Bay are mainly marginal oil fields. It is necessary to build both ice-resistant and economical offshore platforms. However, risk is involved in the design, construction, utilization, maintenance of offshore platforms as uncertain events may occur within the life-cycle of a platform under the extreme ice load. In this study, the optimum design model of the expected life-cycle cost for ice-resistant platforms based on cost-effectiveness criterion is proposed. Multiple performance demands of the structure, facilities and crew members, associated with the failure assessment criteria and evaluation functions of costs of construction, consequences of structural failure modes including damage, revenue loss, death and injury as well as discounting cost over time are considered. An efficient approximate method of the global reliability analysis for the offshore platforms is provided, which converts the implicit nonlinear performance function in the conventional reliability analysis to linear explicit one. The proposed life-cycle optimum design formula are applied to a typical ice-resistant platform in Bohai Bay, and the results demonstrate that the life-cycle cost-effective optimum design model is more rational compared to the conventional design.