• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.335-345
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• 2009

In this paper, we propose a new web image caption extraction method considering the positional relation between a caption and an image and the lexical similarity between a caption and the main text containing the caption. The positional relation between a caption and an image represents how the caption is located with respect to the distance and the direction of the corresponding image. The lexical similarity between a caption and the main text indicates how likely the main text generates the caption of the image. Compared with previous image caption extraction approaches which only utilize the independent features of image and captions, the proposed approach can improve caption extraction recall rate, precision rate and 28% F-measure by including additional features of positional relation and lexical similarity.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.36 no.8
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• pp.642-652
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• 2009

In order to improve the performance of the existing relation extraction approaches, we propose a method for combining two pivotal concepts which play an important role in classifying semantic relationships between entities in text. Having built a composite kernel-based relation extraction system, which incorporates both entity features and syntactic structured information of relation instances, we define nine classes of lexical features and synthetically apply them to the system. Evaluation on the ACE RDC corpus shows that our approach boosts the effectiveness of the existing composite kernels in relation extraction. It also confirms that by integrating the three important features (entity features, syntactic structures and contextual lexical features), we can improve the performance of a relation extraction process.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Language and Information Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.29-41
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• 2007

Concepts of greater and greater complexity can be constructed by building systems of entities, by relating other entities to that system with a figure-ground relation, by embedding concepts of figure-ground in the concept of change, by embedding that in causality, and by coarsening the granularity and beginning the process over again. This process can be called the Ontological Ascent. It pervades natural language discourse, and suggests that to do lexical semantics properly, we must carefully axiomatize abstract theories of systems of entities, the figure-ground relation, change, causality, and granularity. In this paper, I outline what these theories should look like.

• MALSORI
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• no.60
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• pp.29-45
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• 2006

We investigated whether the first syllable plays an important role in lexical access in Korean visual word recognition. To do so, one lexical decision task (LDT) and two form primed LDT experiments examined the nature of the syllabic neighborhood effect. In Experiment 1, the syllabic neighborhood density and the syllabic neighborhood frequency was manipulated. The results showed that lexical decision latencies were only influenced by the syllabic neighborhood frequency. The purpose of experiment 2 was to confirm the results of experiment 1 with form-primed LDT task. The lexical decision latency was slower in form-related condition compared to form-unrelated condition. The effect of syllabic neighborhood density was significant only in form-related condition. This means that the first syllable plays an important role in the sub-lexical process. In Experiment 3, we conducted another form-primed LDT task manipulating the number of syllabic neighbors in words with higher frequency neighborhood. The interaction of syllabic neighborhood density and form relation was significant. This result confirmed that the words with higher frequency neighborhood are more inhibited by neighbors sharing the first syllable than words with no higher frequency neighborhood in the lexical level. These findings suggest that the first syllable is the unit of neighborhood and the unit of representation in sub-lexical representation is syllable in Korea.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.35 no.10
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• pp.627-635
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• 2008

An extended form of lexical network is explored by presenting U-WIN, which applies lexical relations that include not only semantic relations but also conceptual relations, morphological relations and syntactic relations, in a way different with existing lexical networks that have been centered around linking structures with semantic relations. So, This study introduces the new methodology for constructing a syntactic relation automatically. First of all, we extract probable nouns which related to verb based on verb's sentence type. However we should decided the extracted noun's meaning because extracted noun has many meanings. So in this study, we propose that noun's meaning is decided by the example matching rule/syntactic pattern/semantic similarity, frequency information. In addition, syntactic pattern is expanded using nouns which have high frequency in corpora.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-24
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• 1991

This paper presents the Lexical Ambiguity Resolution System of Korean Language. This system uses Dependency grammar and Collative Semantics. Dependency grammar is used to analyze Korean syntactic dependency. A robust way to analyze a sentence is to establish links between individual words. Collative Semantics investigates the interplay between lexical ambiguity and semantics relations. Collative Semantics consists of sense-frame, semantic vector, collation, and screening. Our system was implemented by C programming language. This system analyzes sentences, discriminates the kinds of semantic relation between pairs of words senses in those sentences, and resolves lexical ambiguity.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.55-65
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• 2012

In this study, the prosodic disambiguation of the syntactic attachment differences was investigated in relation to the effect of lexical bias. Speech materials were composed of N1-conj-N2-PP phrases such as "walkers and runners with dogs." The results show that the use of durational pattern is dominant over the pitch pattern to differentiate the attachment differences. The characteristic pitch contour was the rise and fall over N1 and N2 in the high attachment. The pitch contour in the low attachment was the rise and fall over N2 and N3 although the frequency of such patterns was lower for the low attachment case. For the durational pattern, the lengthening in the N2 region plays a significant role in the disambiguation of the syntactic attachments. The interaction between the lexical bias and the syntactic attachment was not statistically significant in the duration data.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.49-55
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• 2015

It is argued in this paper that, in determining semantic similarity, Korean words should be recategorized with a focus on the semantic relation to ontology in light of cross-linguistic morphological variations. It is proposed, in particular, that Korean semantic similarity should be measured on three tracks, human judgements track, relatedness track, and cross-part-of-speech relations track. As demonstrated in Yang et al. (2015), GloVe, the unsupervised learning machine on semantic similarity, is applicable to Korean with its performance being compared with human judgement results. Based on this compatability, it was further thought that the model's performance might most likely vary with different kinds of specific relations in different languages. An attempt was made to analyze them in terms of two major Korean-specific categories involved in their lexical and cross-POS-relations. It is concluded that languages must be analyzed by varying methods so that semantic components across languages may allow varying semantic distance in the vector space models.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.131-143
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• 2006

Nowadays, diverse mass media discovers and introduces outstanding management cases of apartment complexes to induce vital competitions of constructors and active participation of residents to apartment management. This study statistically analyzed the management issues of outstanding apartment complexes that have been introduced by mass media with lexical criteria to examine the characteristics of their exemplary management. The key issues of outstanding apartment management are summarized as: efficient management of convenient facilities for residents, community activities based on residents' participation, and maintenance of pleasant living environments through transparent management. Also, the result of the relation arrangement of co-occurrence word from a Social Network Analysis included three key concepts of multi-family housing management - Maintenance Management, Operating Management, and Community Life Management - with emphasis on 'residents' and 'apartment complexes.' However, Operating Management was relatively deemphasized.

• Korean Journal of English Language and Linguistics
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.101-117
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• 2001

In English, whether or not wh-movement creates weak crossover effects depends upon the type of wh-phrases that cross over. A bare interrogative like who shows a typical weak crossover effect whereas which N type (e.g. which girl) and partitive type (e.g. which of these girls) wh-phrases would show mere weaker and weakest crossover effects, respectively. Previous approaches to English crossover phenomena that resort to a binary notion of specificity or D-linking cannot account for the three-way contrast the three different types of wh-phrases show. To overcome this problem, I argue in this paper that specificity should be a non-binary set-theoretic notion and propose the following subset principle and optimal binding relation: Between two lexical nominal expressions A and B, A is regarded as more specific than B iff the denotation of A comes from a more narrowly defined non-singleton set than B. Between two lexical nominal expressions A and B, if A locally binds B, then the non-singleton set from which the denotation of A comes should be a subset of the set from which the denotation of B comes (i.e. B cannot be more specific than A). The smaller the subset (i.e. the wider the specificity gap between binder and binder), the more optimal the local binding relation is. A locally binds B iff A is coindexed with B, and A c-commands B, and there is no such C that does not bind A but binds B. Finally, I show that partitivity functions to carve out a smaller subset and thus make partitive wh-phrases more specific than simple which N type wh-phrases.