• 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회 2005년도 ISMP
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• pp.111-129
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• 2005

Pop provides OEMs and EMS with a platform to cost effectively expand options for logic + memory 3D integration - Expands device options by simplifying business logistics of stacking - Integration controlled at the system level to best match stacked combinations with system requirements - Eliminates margin stacking and expands technology reuse - Helps manage the huge cost impacts associated with increasing demand for multi media processing and memory. PoP is well timed to enable and leverage: - Mass customization of systems for different use (form, fit and function) requirements o Bband and apps processor + memory stack platforms - Logic transition to flip chip enables PoP size reduction o Area and height reduction. Industry standardization is progressing. Amkor provides full turn-key support for base package, memory package and full system integration.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.52-60
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• 2016

This study attempts to measure the financial performance of the food distribution company. In order to achieve the goal, this study have measured the ratios of ROE, ROA applying the DuPont analysis, which have been demonstrated with tables to show the change periodically. DuPont analysis is based on analysis of Return on Equity (ROE) & Return on Investment (ROI). The return on equity disaggregate performance into three components: Net Profit Margin, Total Asset Turnover, and the Equity Multiplier. The return on investment consists of Assets Turnover (Operating Income${\times}$Total Assets) and Profit Margin (EBIT${\times}$Operating Income). From the study it if found that Hyundae Green Food's Financial performance is high followed by Foodmerce and then Dongwon home food and Lotte Food. The four companies are significant at their level. In conclusion, ROE & ROI is the most comprehensive measure of profitability of a firm. It considers the operating and investing decisions can be made as well as the financing and their leverage-related decisions.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.270-275
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• 2016

We present an approach for acceleration actor-critic algorithm for reinforcement learning with continuous action space. Actor-critic algorithm has already proved its robustness to the infinitely large action spaces in various high dimensional environments. Despite that success, the main problem of the actor-critic algorithm remains the same-speed of convergence to the optimal policy. In high dimensional state and action space, a searching for the correct action in each state takes enormously long time. Therefore, in this paper we suggest a search accelerating function that allows to leverage speed of algorithm convergence and reach optimal policy faster. In our method, we assume that actions may have their own distribution of preference, that independent on the state. Since in the beginning of learning agent act randomly in the environment, it would be more efficient if actions were taken according to the some heuristic function. We demonstrate that heuristically-accelerated actor-critic algorithm learns optimal policy faster, using Educational Process Mining dataset with records of students' course learning process and their grades.

• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.13-25
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• 2016

Objectives : The purposes of this study was to analyze business performance of university hospitals for the past 10 years. Methods : Management and finance data from 2005 to 2014 were collected from balance sheets, income statements and annual reports from 27 university hospitals. The dependant variable used was profitability which included return on assets, operating margin and net profit to gross revenues 1. The independent variables were general characteristics, liquidity, stability, activity and financial ratios. Results : University hospitals over the last 10 years had achieved good management performance. Using financial leverage, patient revenues, operating profit, nonpatient revenues, total assets and total debt, the total amount had increased by more than double. The ratio of fixed liability and fixed assets turnover was found to have a significant positive (+) effect on management performance in the years 2012-2014. Conclusions : Based on these results, this study suggests a more in-depth analysis using fixed liabilities and fixed assets.

• STI Policy Review
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.1-20
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• 2010

This paper explores the role of entrepreneurship education in a modern economy and how the government, academic, and nonprofit sectors in the United States have responded to this growing field. There are several sectors that play important roles in the entrepreneurship education landscape in the United States. Over the past decade, there has been increasing participation of Federal and state governments. This recent trend suggests the field may be increasing in maturity and legitimacy, showing promise for expanding the reach of entrepreneurship education programs. Programs sponsored by nonprofit organizations and private foundations complement government initiatives and display an effective means of leveraging knowledge and resources across the relevant sectors. Thus, new initiatives, whether initiated by government or academia, should learn from the successes of this sector as well as be carefully considered within the context of existent programs and services. Nonetheless, the potentially dynamic environment of the entrepreneurship education field in the United States offers a specific opportunity to leverage the experience in mentorship activities at the post-secondary education to address a possible gap in these activities at the secondary education level.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.13-20
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• 2019

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to find out the determinants of the quality of financial information in the financial environment of the cement companies of Bangladesh. Research design, data and methodology - This study considers a total of fifty-eight firm years as the sample from the seven listed cement companies of Bangladesh during the period of 2007 to 2015. This study applies the multivariate regression analysis including the pooled OLS, panel and controlling time. Results - This study finds that profitability and external financing are the two major explanatory variables in determining the quality of financial information. This study also finds that firm size and accrual quality don't have any significant influence on quality of financial information. Conclusion - This study observed that profitability of this sector which is much volatile and prone to be manipulated. Thus, this paper suggests that higher profitability needs more scrutiny while assessing quality of financial information. Finally, this study provides some indications for future research such as considering the listed firms of other sectors of Bangladesh or cross country comparison in different country setting.

• 재무관리연구
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.45-58
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• 1988

This paper is to examine the relevance of banarptcy Costs (BC) to Capital Structure with three related purposes: whether or not BC are trival,, a proxy methodology for estimating BC, the present value of expected BC vs tax benefits' trade off. For these purposes, the samples includes 19 industrial firms which went bankrupt over period 1970-78 and secondly seven large Companies which went bankrnpt recently in the U.S. The results are quite strong that BC are not trival. In many cases they exceed 20% of the value of the firm measured just prior to bankruptcy. Direct BC are explicit and administrative costs paid by debtor in reorganization/liqaidation process. Indirect BC are essentially defined as unexpected losses and estimated in two way: a regression method and security analyst's forcasts. The present value of expected BC for many of the bankrupt firm is found to exceed the present value of tax benefits from leverage. This implies that firms were overleveraged and that a potentially important ingredient in the discussion of optimum capital structure is indeed the BC factor. Therefore, BC are relevant to the cost of capital structure decision and should he considered seriously.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.95-107
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• 2011

The Comprehensive Measures for a soft landing of Household Debts affecting the credit service of Fisheries Cooperative (FC) have been known to the public in June 2011. Its essential points are as follows: 1) Abolition of Tax-free Regulation, 2) Set limit of loans, etc. per person, 3) Introduce leverage regulations for credit-specialized financial sector i. e. FC, 4) Gradually strengthen loan-loss reserve requirements for card-loan and other credit loans. However, the Financial Policy Measures seem to pay no attention to the Cooperative's Values, Principles and Identity. In this paper, emphasis is be placed on the task of the regulators i. e. Financial Services Commission and Financial Supervice Service to lift the Financial Measures negatively affecting the operation of fund of FCs, and on the establishment of Cooperative identity in order to further develop FCs.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2012년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.125-126
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• 2012

Domestic architect office from a period of high growth from the 1970s to the '80s has been established as some of the large corporations or publicly traded corporation. 1997 IMF has pointed out there is a lot of need for improvement activities in accordance with the construction recession since the 2008 global financial crisis. In order to address these causes, the company's continuous efficient operation for accurate efficiency and competitiveness analysis was required. Leverage financial ratio indicators Study Using Data Envelopment Analysis Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model, how to find a benchmark for the improvement of the efficiency of inefficient enterprises in various sectors being. In this study, a comparison of the conventional DEA model and the DEA-AR model is used to analyze the efficiency and domestic architect office is to improve the management efficiency.

• 한국시스템다이내믹스연구
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.33-66
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• 2004

This study is an exploratory investigation on how national R&D investments decisions are made in Korea. For developing system dynamic model, we are interested in locating three structural dilemma, occurring with the Korean NIS. In so doing, we intend to devise the ways of ameliorating problems within the NIS investment decision-making process by providing policy implications. We identify delays and side effects during transition periods between different stages of technology innovation by perceiving the switching pattern dynamically, in which form of technologies shifts from one to another stage like paradigm shift, when the R&D investment reaches a certain stock. It is also suggested that the development of strategies is necessary in order to enhance efficiency of technological development process.