• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.189-195
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• 2003

The objective of this study is to improve the optical sensitivity of laser fluorescence for detection of incipient enamel caries. An incipient carious lesion was formed in various stages by placing an enamel specimen of a bovine tooth in STPP demineralization solution. After measuring the optical density of the lesion surface by laser fluorescence induced by argon laser and various alter of yellow(500-520nm), amber(520-540nm), orange(540-560nm), and red(560-580nm), the specimen was cut vertically to measure the depth of the lesion using a polarizing microscope. SAS statistical program was used to analyze the relationship between the optical density of the lesion suface and the depth of the lesion. The results were as follows: 1. The optical density of early carious lesion, measured by laser fluorescence with amber and orange filter, and lesion depth observed by polarizing microscope, were increased as demineralization time increased. 2. The correlation coefficient between optical density of the lesion surface and the histological depth of the lesion was the highest in orange filter(r=0.49), followed by amber(r=0.32), yellow(r=0.13) and red(0.01). 3. Regression analysis showed that the most linear relationship between the optical density and the lesion depth was existed in orange filter group. In regard above results, laser fluorescence could be considered to be reliable for optical diagnosis of dental caries.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.81-84
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• 2002

Effects of temperature and dew period on sporulation of a mycoherbicide, Epicoccosorus nematosporus, on the lesion of its host, Eleocharis kuroguwai were determined. Conidia formation was first observed after 10 days on plants incubated for either 12 or 16 h in a dew chamber at 28$^{\circ}C$; 16 h dew period resulted in more conidia formation. As the dew period was decreased to less than 8 h, fewer conidia formed. Conidial production was most abundant at 28$^{\circ}C$ and produced as much as 3.3$\times$10$^4$conidia per lesion, while 0.1$\times$10$^3$and 2.3$\times$10$^3$conidia per lesion were produced at 16$^{\circ}C$ and 36$^{\circ}C$, respectively. Alternating temperature regimes, i.e., 30/15, 30/20, 28/20, and 28/15$^{\circ}C$ (day/night) were much better than constant temperature, i.e., 30/30, 28/28/, and 20/2$0^{\circ}C$ for sporulation. In the second sporulation, there were as much as 3.1$\times$10$^4$conidia per lesion (ca. <50% of the first sporulation). Then, sporulation dropped sharply to 6.2$\times$10$^2$conidia per lesion in the third sporulation. Results of this study suggest that temperature combined with dew period is the primary limiting factor in the use of E. nematosporus as a mycoherbicide off, kuroguwai.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.77-84
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• 2010

Objectives : This study was to compare the incipient grade and improvement rate between each opposite gender and part on peripheral facial nerve paralysis. Methods : We investigated 64 cases of patient with peripheral facial nerve paralysis and divided into four groups with each gender and affected part and compared their incipient grade and rate of improvement. All groups were evaluated by Yanagihara's unweighted grading system before treatment and in everyday and after treatment. Results & Conclusion : 1. There's a difference of incipient grade between each opposite affected lesion in male. But there was not significant statistics. 2. There's no difference of incipient grade between each opposite affected lesion in female. 3. There's a difference of incipient grade between each opposite gender, affected their right side. But there was not significant statistics. Left side affecting palsy is more severe than right in male, and reversed results in female. But there were not significant statistics. There's no differences between each affected lesion in female. 4. There's no differences of improvement rate between each affected lesion in female. 5. The group, affected right side had better rate of improvement than another in male. But it's not significant statistics. 6. Male group had better rate of improvement than female in both gender, affected its left lesion. But it's not significant statistics.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.83-89
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• 1992

This study was perfonned to investigate effectiveness eness on the gastritis and gastric lesion with the methanol extract of the flower buds of Eugenio caryophyllata. The extract was fractionated with hexane, chIorofonn, ethyl acetate, butanol, followed by bioassay Oil antigastritis. The ethyl acetate and the buthanol fraction reduced significantly HCI.ethanol induced gastric lesion at the dose of 165 and 215 mg/kg, p.o., respectively. These results may indicate that remarkably.effective are ethyl acetate and butanol fractions in HCI-ethanol induced gastric lesion. Howeever, the fractions didn't exhibit any inhibition of gastric secretion and acid output. The buthanol fraction reduced significantly the acetic acid induced ulcer at a daily dose of 215 mg/Kg, p.o., given for 10 days. These result showed considerable inhibit of acetic acid induced ulcer without inhibition of indomethacin induced gastric lesion. The methanol extract showed low acute toxicity with minimum lethal dose of more than 3000 mg/kg, p.o. in mice. In conclusion, Eugenia F10s exhibited antigastric activity which might be attributable to inhibition of gastric secretion. It is indicated that activie component may be present in the buthanol fraction.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.162-164
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• 2004

Odontogenic keratocysts are developmental odontogenic cysts which derived from rests of dental laminas and often found in posterior area of mandible. Because this lesion has tendency of frequent recurrence, treatment of choice is often radical removal of the lesion. Sometimes in case of large cysts, however, conservative therapy like marsupialization is often selected in treatment plan. A 39-years old woman referred to our department for evaluation of large radiolucent lesion that occupies the areas from mandible angle to upper part of ramus and condyle. In cytology, the lesion was identified as odontogenic keratocyst. Marsupialization was our treatment of choice, and the result was so favorable. 2 years later, there was small radiolucent lesion on upper part of mandibular ramus on panoramic view. It was suspected as recurred lesion, and excisional biopsy was done. On biopsy result, it was not a cystic lesion but fibrosis.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.281-287
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was conducted in order to evaluate how chemiluminescent lighting($ViziLite^{(R)}$) could increase the sharpness of margin and contrast to normal mucosa in the diagnosis of oral lichen planus(OLP), the most frequent oral premalignant lesion, compared with direct visual inspection under incandescent light. Methods: 41 consecutive patients, diagnosed to have OLP with visual inspection under incandescent light, were further examined with chemiluminescent light. The degrees of margin sharpness and lesion contrast were ranked on a scale from 1 to 3 for all patients under visual inspection and chemiluminescent light. The presence of additional lesion only detected by chemiluminescent light, complication, and discomfort were checked for each patient. After both screening tests, biopsy specimens were harvested from all patients with scalpels and histopathologic assessments were done. Results: All 41 patients were diagnosed to have OLP by both visual inspection and chemiluminescent light examination. This result was definitively diagnosed by histopathology. Degrees of margin sharpness and lesion contrast were increased by chemiluminescent light compared with visual inspection, but only the difference of lesion contrast was statistically significant. In 22.0% of patients, additional lesions were detected and 88.9% of them were diagnosed to have OLP histopathologically. 17.1% of patients noted discomfort and 9.8% of patients showed complications after chemiluminescent test. Conclusion: Chemiluminescent light may not be proper for the screen test of oral cancer or premalignant lesion but showed some possibility for additional diagnostic tool for definitively diagnosed patients in determination of lesion margin and scope.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.394-400
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• 1997

The effects of methanol and water extracts of Taheebo were investigated on gastric secretion, gastric lesion and ulcer in rate. Experimental gastric lesion and ulcer was produced in rats using the following methods : HCl.aspirin-induced lesion, HCl.ethanol-induced lesion, indomethacin-induced ulcer and water-immersion stress ulcer model. In addition, the amount of gastric secretion in pylorus-ligated rats for 4 hours was determined. Water extracts of Taheebo significantly inhibited HCl.aspirin-induced gastric lesion at 1,000mg/kg, po in rats. Likewise, Water extracts of Taheebo caused significant inhibition of indomethacin-induced ulcer at oral dose of 1,000mg/kg. The lesion induced by HCl.ethanol was significantly reduced by both water and methanol extracts of Taheebo. It also showed significant antiulcer activity in water-immersion stress ulcer, respectively. In gastric secretion experiments, methanol extracts of Taheebo also showed significant inhibition of gastric juice secretion, acidity and acid output at doses 500 and 1,000mg/kg. These results may suggest that Taheebo shows antigastritic and antiulcerative action in rats in part by the inhibition of gastric juice secretion and acidity.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.21-29
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to review clinical and radiologic changes after arthroscopic operation without bone graft for osteochondral lesion with subchondral cyst on the talus. And we compared the results with those without cyst. Radiologic changes were also observed. Materials and Methods: Arthroscopic microfrature or abrasion arthroplasty was performed on 10 caeses of osteochondral lesions with subchondral cyst and 20 cases without cysts. Preoperative and postoperative symptoms were evaluated by Ankle-Hind foot scale of AOFAS and the score of two groups were compared(t-Test : Paired Two Test for Means). Radiologic evaluation was performed after operation on patients with osteochondral lesion with cyst. Results: On patients of osteochondral lesion with subchondral cyst on talus, there was clinical improvement compared to the preoperative status and compared to patients without cysts(P=0.01) after arthroscopic operation. We could get increase of density and decrease of size of cystic lesion on plain film with time passage. Conclusion: We report 10 cases with osteochondral lesion with subchondral cyst on talus which resulted in clinical and radiological improvement after arthroscopic microfracture or abrasion arthroplasty without bone graft.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.277-290
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• 1993

Dental caries is considered to be caused by demineralization by organic acid produced by microorganism. But the formation of subsurface lesion in initial caries make it diffcult to explain by simple demineralization. This study is carried out on the basis of thermodynamic concept proposed by Margolis and Moreno. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of acid concentration and pH of lactate buffer system on the artificial caries lesion progress. 160 teeth without any crack, defect or opaque enamel were used and coated with nail varnish except the window ($2{\times}3$ mm). Under the constant degree of saturation(D.S.). The teeth were divided into 8 groups according to acid concentration(10mM, 25mM, 50mM, 100mM) and pH(4.3, 5.0, 6.0). Each group was immersed in buffer solution for 3, 6, 9, 18 days under controlled temperature($25^{\circ}C$). After cutting through the window and grinding, the specimens, 100-150 um in thickness, were imbibed in water or air and examined using polarilizing microscope. The depth of the surface and subsurface surface lesion were measured. 1. In the constant pH and D. S. value, the subsurface lesion progresses more rapidly as the concentration of lactic acid increases. (0.01, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1) 2. In the constant acid concentration and DS value, the subsurface lesion progresses more slowly as the pH increases. (4.3, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0) 3. The width of surface lesion seems to be constant independant of pH and acid concentration.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.33-41
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• 2007

Bone scan using radioactive isotope can be more effective than conventional X-ray radiograph for finding jaw lesion because it takes an image of the physiologic change of bone. This study is designed to show how available bone scan is able to diagnose jaw lesion better than simple X-ray and CT, as well as to determine a basis of diagnosis for jaw lesion using bone scan. The 77 patients, visiting the Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dankook University Hospital from January 2002. to August 2005. who were diagnosed histopathologically with postoperative malignant tumor, osteomyelitis, and bone infiltrative benign disease. Preoperative X-ray, CT, bone scan were taken and were compared with histopathologic finding. Also to compare specificty of each lesion in bone scan, bone density was measured to compare. The results were as follows. 1. Among the 25 cases of oral malignant tumor of bony invasion, a positive diagnosis associated with histopathologic evaluation, 22 cases(88%) in bone scan, 14 cases(56%) in CT image, and 10 cases40%) in simple X-ray. 2. Among the 31 cases of osteomyelitis, a positive diagnosis associated with histopathologic evaluation, 30 cases(97%) in bone scan, 23 cases(74%) in CT image, and 19 cases(61%) in simple X-ray. 3. Among the 11cases of bone infiltrative benign disease, a positive diagnosis associated with histopathologic evaluation, 11 cases(100%) in bone scan, 10 cases(91%) in CT image, and 6 cases(55%) in simple X-ray. 4. Measurement of bone density in each group showed no statistical significant difference between malignant tumor and osteomyelitis as well as benign bone disease. But, a statistical significance was seen between osteomyelitis and benign bone disease. From this results, bone scan are more sensitive than simple X-ray and CT image in jaw lesion diagnosis, but specificity shows no significant difference. Therefore, it should be suggested that evaluation of bone scan must be carrying out in reference to final histopathologic diagnosis.