• Applied Microscopy
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.120-127
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• 1990

The zoospores of Polymyxa graminis known as vector of barley yellow mosaic virus(BYMV) were found from the rootlets of diseased barley plants. The X-bodies in the lower epidermis of diseased leaf tissues were reddish under fluorescence microscopy. The shape of virus particles was flexuous rod and 300-1,000 nm in length. The pinwheel structures, cylindrical inclusion bodies, ring-form inclusion bodies, and crystalline lattice-like structure were found together with virus particles in the cytoplasm of diseased leaf tissues. Generally, intracellular organelles in the diseased barley leaf tissues infected with BYMV were either not well-developed or degenerated.

• ALGAE
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2008

The epiphytic diatom flora living on leaf tissues of Zostera marina, Z. japonica and Z. caespitosa at three study sites (Dadae, Gabae, and Jangmok) located in Geoje Island has been examined from July 2001 to March 2002 bimonthly. Total 81 species in 26 genera of diatoms have been observed on leaf tissues of the 3 Zostera species throughout the present study. Cocconeis spp. were predominant on Z. japonica, whereas Navicula spp. and Nitzschia spp. were predominant on Z. marina and Z. caespitosa. The community structure of the diatom assemblages varied according to the seagrass species. Species compositions of epiphytic diatoms appear to be closely related to morphology and lifespan of seagrasses.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.315-324
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• 1996

This study was one of a series of studies on application of machine vision and image processing to extract the geometrical features of plants and to analyze plant growth. Several algorithms were developed to measure morphological properties of plants and describing the growth development of in-situ lettuce(Lactuca sativa L.). Canopy, centroid, leaf density and fractal dimension of plant were measured from a top viewed binary image. It was capable of identifying plants by a thinning top viewed image. Overlapping the thinning side viewed image with a side viewed binary image of plant was very effective to auto-detect meaningful nodes associated with canopy components such as stem, branch, petiole and leaf. And, plant height, stem diameter, number and angle of branches, and internode length and so on were analyzed by using meaningful nodes extracted from overlapped side viewed images. Canopy, leaf density and fractal dimension showed high relation with fresh weight or growth pattern of in-situ lettuces. It was concluded that machine vision system and image processing techniques are very useful in extracting geometrical features and monitoring plant growth, although interactive methods, for some applications, were required.

• 한국가시화정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가시화정보학회 2003년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.83-86
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• 2003

Synchrotron X-ray micro imaging technique was employed to non-invasively monitor the water flow inside xylem vessels in a bamboo leaf. The phase contrast X-ray images clearly visualized plant anatomy and the rise of a water front inside the vessels. Consecutive X-ray images taken for 60 seconds revealed water rise kinetics against gravity in the xylem of a cut dry leaf taken from a bamboo tree. For the first time, traces of water rise, variation of contact angle between water and xylem wall as well as the internal structure of xylem were obtained. In xylem vessels, a repeating flow pattern has a typical flow velocity of $30.7{\mu}m/s$ and faster flow is established intermittently. It is concluded that the transmission type of X-ray micro imaging can be used as a powerful tool to investigate the ascent of sap in the xylem vessels at a resolution higher than that of MRI.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.379-386
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• 2004

Jeung-Pyun is a traditional Korean fermented rice cake leavened by yeast. To develop a functional Jeung-Pyun, mulberry leaf(ML) were added to the rice at the levels of 0, 2, 4, 6, 8%, respectively. Physicochemical, sensory, texture and surface characteristics of Jeung-Pyun were examined. The specific volumes of all the Jeung-Pyun's with ML were significantly lower than that of control(0% ML) and 4% ML sample showed the highest volume among them. The pH of ML Jeung-Pyun batters decreased with fermentation time. Overall quality of Jeung-Pyun with ML obtained lower value than the control. Among the texture properties measured with rheometer, hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess and brittleness of ML Jeung-Pyun decreased according to the amount ML added and springiness was not significantly different. The surface structure by SEM showed that Jeung-Pyun added with 4% ML had the largest and the most uniform air cells. In conclusion, the most acceptable concentrations of ML on the basis of overall quality in sensory evaluation and physicochemical characteristics were 2% or 4%.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2014

고로쇠나무 천연집단의 군집구조와 시과 및 잎의 형질의 변이를 파악하고자, 2012년 5월부터 2013년 10월까지 세 지역(강원도 양구군, 경상북도 영양군 및 전남 광양시)에 분포하는 고로쇠나무 천연집단의 군집구조와 열매와 엽형태를 조사하였다. 고로쇠나무의 평균상대우점치(MIP)가 양구 19.8%, 영양 22.0% 및 광양 17.1% 등으로 비교적 낮고, 중층에서도 양구와 광양에서는 고로쇠나무의 상대우점치(IP)가 당단풍나무와 까치박달나무보다 낮게 나타났으며, 하층에서는 양구 1.8%, 영양 1.9%, 광양 0.0% 였다. 이런 결과로 볼 때 천연림의 고로쇠나무의 평균상대우점치가 앞으로 점차 감소하는 경향을 보일 것이라 사료된다. 시과의 각도와 길이는 지역 간 통계적 유의차가 인정되었다. 양구에 비하여 영양과 광양지역에서 7개의 장상맥을 가진 개체가 보다 많이 분포하였다. 부거치가 발달하는 잎의 비율은 양구 0.6%, 영양 15.8%, 광양 20.4%로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 고로쇠나무 천연집단의 유전변이가 있음을 암시하며, 고로쇠나무 천연집단에 대한 유전변이를 분석할 필요가 있다고 사료된다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.6-11
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• 2007

작약의 지상부인 잎과 줄기에서 물질을 분리 동정하기 위해 MeOH 추출 및 column chromatograpy하여 단일 물질 5종을 분리하였으며, 분리한 물질에 대하여 IR, UV, Mass, NMR 등을 이용하여 화학구조를 동정하였다. 그 결과 oleanolic acid, kaempferol, methyl gallate, astragalin, paeoniflorin의 구조가 확인되었으며 이들 화합물은 작약의 지상부인 잎과 줄기에서는 처음으로 분리되었다.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.287-298
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• 2019

Lotus leaf has a special dual micro and nano surface structure which gives its highly hydrophobic surface characteristics and so-called self cleaning effect. In order to endow PVDF hollow fiber membrane with this special structure and improve the hydrophobicity of membrane surface, PVDF hollow fiber composite membranes was obtained through the immersion coating of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) dilute solution on the outside surface of PVDF support membrane. The prepared PVDF composite membranes were used in the vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) for the desalination. The effects of PVDF-HFP dilute solution concentration in the dope solution and coating time on VMD separation performance was studied. Membranes were characterized by SEM, WCA measurement, porosity, and liquid entry pressure of water. VMD test was carried out using $35g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ NaCl aqueous solution as the feed solution at feed temperature of $30^{\circ}C$ and the permeate pressure of 31.3 kPa. The vapour flux reached a maximum when PVDF-HFP concentration in the dilute solution was 5 wt% and the coating time was kept in the range of 10-60 s. This was attributed to the well configuration of micro-nano rods which was similar with the dual micro-nano structure on the lotus leaf. Compared with the original PVDF membrane, the salt rejection can be well maintained which was greater than 99.99 % meanwhile permeation water conductivity was kept at a low value of $7-9{\mu}S{\cdot}cm^{-1}$ during the continuous testing for 360 h.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.366-370
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• 1993

본 연구는 기내에서 두릅의 잎조직배양을 통한 효율적인 종묘대량증식체계를 확립하기 위한 기초연구로서 엽내으로부터 캘루스 유기 및 식물체 재분화를 시도한 결과이다. 1. 유연조직으로부터 캘루스 유기는 1.0mg/1 Thidiazuron 첨가배지에서 70%의 유기율을 보였다. 2. 0.1～0.2mg/1 Dicamba 및 1.0mg/1 Picloram 첨가가 캘루스의 증식에 효과가 있었다. 3. 호르몬 첨가배지에서는 식물체 재분화가 이루어지지 않은 반면 Hormon-free 배지에서 shoot 및 root의 분화가 이루어져 완전한 식물체를 얻었다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.1382-1388
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• 2009

Rubus crataegifolius is a shrub species and is primarily distributed throughout Asia and Europe. We collected 550 representative samples of the eleven populations in Korea to estimate leaf variation within species. The 35 morphological characteristics allowed us to resolve well-supported fixed characteristics and variable characteristics. Sixteen of twenty-three quantitative characteristics and five of twelve qualitative characteristics showed significant differences among populations. We argued that the population differentiation can accounted for the variation in phenetic characteristics such as spine in this species, but were less successful in accounting for variation in other traits. Within a polystatistic leaf structure, their morphological differences could be modulated by ecological pressure such as temperature, altitude, duration of sunshine, and solar radiation. The phenogram showed two distinct clades. One was a group in central Korea and the other was a group in the southern regions of Korea. If morphological characteristics in R. crataegifolius populations reflect their ecological niche, morphology should be regarded with caution as the main criterion for population studies in R. crataegifolius.