• 제목/요약/키워드: leaf spot and blight

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Pseudocercospora cymbidiicola에 의한 심비디움 검은잎마름병 (Sooty Leaf Blight of Cymbidium spp. Caused by Pseudocercospora cymbidiicola)

  • 한경숙;박종한;이중섭;정승룡
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제13권2호
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    • pp.126-129
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    • 2007
  • [ $2005{\sim}2006$ ]년 경기도 안성시와 화성시의 심비디움 재배 농가로부터 잎 뒷면에 검은색 구름덩이 모양의 병반을 형성하고, 잎의 앞면에는 원형 내지 타원형의 황색병반을 나타내는 병징이 관찰되었다. 병징이 진전되어 병반이 합쳐지면서 잎 전체가 황색의 원형 병반을 이루고, 잎 뒷면에서도 검은색 구름덩이가 합쳐져 그을음모양(sooty spot)을 나타낸다. 병징이 오래되면 잎 조직은 기능이 저하되어 결국은 암갈색 내지 검은색으로 변하며 잎이 마르게 된다. 본 연구에서는 심비디움에 발생한 검은잎마름병의 병징을 관찰하고, 병반에서 분리한 병원균의 균학적 특징을 조사한 결과 Pseudocercospora cymbidiicola로 동정되었으며 병원성 검정 결과 자연상태와 동일한 병징을 확인할 수 있었으므로 이 병을 Pseudocercospora cymbidiicola에 의한 심비디움검은잎마름병으로 명명할 것을 제안한다.

고추 잎점무늬병.역병 복합 저항성 계통육성 (Breeding Lines with Multiple Resistance to both Gray Leaf Spot and Phytophthora Blight in Pepper(Capsicum annuum L.))

  • 김주영;한정혜;황희숙;김병수
    • Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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    • 제18권
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    • pp.19-25
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    • 2000
  • 1999년도에는 KC47${\times}$KCB14, KC220${\times}$KC268 조합의 $F_2$ 및 여교배 집단과 KC47-1${\times}$KC263(AC2258), KC47-1${\times}$KCB13-2-1, KC47-1${\times}$KCB13-4-2 조합의 $F_3$집단에 대하여 잎점무늬병과 역병을 차례로 접종, 복합저항성 개체를 선발하여 차세대를 육성하였다. 2000년도에는 같은 조합의 $F_3$$F_4$세대에 대하여 잎점무늬병과 역병에 대한 저항성을 검정하여 복합 저항성인 개체로부터 차세대 종자를 확보하였다. 선발세대의 경과에 따라 두 가지 병에 대한 저항성에서 현저한 진전이 관찰되었다.

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친환경자재를 이용한 인삼 점무늬병과 탄저병의 발병억제효과 (Suppressive Effects of Homemade Environment-friendly Materials on Alternaria Blight and Anthracnose of Ginseng)

  • 임진수;모황성;이응호;박기춘;정찬문
    • 한국유기농업학회지
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    • 제22권4호
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    • pp.705-718
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    • 2014
  • 본 연구는 인삼점무늬병과 탄저병에 대한 친환경자재로 만들어진 친환경 살균제의 억제효과를 알아보기 위해서 수행을 했다. 인삼 점무늬병과 인삼 탄저병들은 인삼뿌리가 비대하기 시작하기 전에 낙엽을 시켜서 수확량을 크게 감소하는 주요한 병들이다. 천연칼슘, 녹차추출물, 홍삼박 술등은 A. panax에 의해서 유발된 인삼 점무늬병에 대해서 상당한 억제효과를 보였고 게 껍질 발효액과 익모초자연즙액은 C. gloeosporioides에 의해서 유발된 인삼탄저병에 대해서 큰 억제효과를 나타내었다. 이들 친환경 살균제는 치료효능보다 대체적으로 예방효능이 더 우수 하였다. 그러므로 이들 친환경 자재들은 인삼 유기재배포장에서 사용할 수 없는 화학농약을 대체하는 살균제로써 이용할 수 있고 그들의 억제효과를 극대화하기 위해 발병 전에 처리를 해야 한다.

Zoysiagrass에 Waitea circinata에 의한 Waitea Ring Patch 발생 (First Report of Waitea Ring Patch caused by Waitea circinata on Zoysiagrass)

  • 김경덕;홍성철;장공만;한무호;피재호;박대섭
    • Weed & Turfgrass Science
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    • 제3권4호
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    • pp.378-381
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    • 2014
  • Zoysiagrass는 대표적인 난지형 잔디로 Curvularia leaf spot, Large patch, Rhizoctonia blight, Spring dead spot, 그리고 Dollar spot 등의 다양한 병에 직면해 있으며 최근에는 많은 병원균들의 복합 감염에 의한 잔디병 양상을 보이고 있다. 최근에 패취형태의 병반을 가진 zoysiagrass 엽조직으로 부터 Rhizoctonia 속과 유사한 곰팡이를 분리하였다. 리보소옴 DNA의 염기서열을 분석하여 Waitea circinata 균주들과 98% 이상의 상동성을 보였고, Koch's 법칙에 따라 zoysiagrass에서 병원성을 확인하여 이 병의 주 원인균은 Waitea circinata로 판명되었다. 따라서 본 병은 zoysiagrass에서 Waitea circinata에 의해 최초로 국내에서 발생한 병으로 사료되며, 기본 병명과 동일하게 Waitea ring patch로 사용하기를 제안하고자 한다.

A New Soybean Cultivar "Gaechuck#2": Yellow Soybean Cultivar with Lipoxygenase2,3-free and Kunitz Trypsin Inhibitor-free

  • Chung, Jong Il
    • 한국육종학회지
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    • 제41권4호
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    • pp.612-615
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    • 2009
  • Lipoxygenase and Kunitz trypsin inhibitor protein are the main antinutritional factor in mature soybean seed. A new soybean cultivar, "Gaechuck#2" with yellow seed coat, lipoxygenase2,3-free and Kunitz trypsin inhibitor protein-free was developed. It was selected from the population derived from the cross between "Jinpumkong2ho" and C242. Plants of "Gaechuck#2" have determinate growth habit with purple flowers, tawny pubescence, yellow seed coat, yellow hilum, oval leaflet shape and brown pods at maturity. Seed protein and oil content on a dry weight basis were 40.7% and 18.7%, respectively. It has shown a resistant reaction to soybean necrosis, soybean mosaic virus, Cercospora leaf spot and blight, black root rot, pod and stem blight, and soybean pod borer. Gaechuck#2 matured in 4 October with plant height of 54cm and a 100-seed weight of 24.4g. Average Yield of Gaechuck#2 was 230 - 250 kg/10a in 2005 - 2007.

A New Soybean Cultivar "Gaechuck#1" : Black Soybean Cultivar with Lipoxygenase2,3-free, Kunitz Trypsin Inhibitor-free and Green Cotyledon

  • Chung, Jong Il
    • 한국육종학회지
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    • 제41권4호
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    • pp.603-606
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    • 2009
  • Lipoxygenase and Kunitz trypsin inhibitor protein of mature soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seed are main anti-nutritional factors in soybean seed. A new soybean cultivar, "Gaechuck#1" with the traits of black seed coat, green cotyledon, lipoxygenase2,3 and Kunitz trypsin inhibitor protein free was developed. It was selected from the population derived the cross of "Gyeongsang#1" and C242. Plants of "Gaechuck#1" have a determinate growth habit with purple flowers, brown pubescence, black seed coat, black hilum, oval leaflet shape and brown pods at maturity. Seed protein and oil content on dry weight basis have averaged 39.1% and 16.2%, respectively. It has shown resistant reaction to soybean necrosis, soybean mosaic virus, Cercospora leaf spot and blight, black root rot, pod and stem blight, and soybean pod borer. "Gaechuck#1" matured on 5-10 October with a plant height of 50 cm. The 100-seed weight of "Gaechuck#1" was 23.2g. Yield of "Gaechuck#1" was averaged 2.2 ton/ha from 2005 to 2007.

기장 점무늬병균 (Bipolaris panici-miliacei)의 형태적 특징과 종자전염 (Morphological Characters and Seed Transmission of Bipolaris panici-miliacei Causing Leaf Spot of Common Millet)

  • 이두형
    • 한국식물병리학회지
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    • 제13권1호
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    • pp.18-21
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    • 1997
  • Bipolaris panici-miliacei, Cercospora fusimaculans, Fusarium moniliforme and Rhizoctonia solani were pathogenic fungi detected from 5 seed samples of common millet (Panicum miliaceum). Morphological characters of B. panici-miliacei were as follows. Conidiophores were dark olivaceous brown, simple, cylindrical, geniculate, and septate. Conidia were fusoid, dark olivaceous brown, tapering gradually toward the ends, straight to slightly curved, 3~13 distoseptate, and 29.4~155.4$\times$10~26 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in size with dark hilum included within the contour of the basal cell. Seed infection with B. panici-miliacei caused seed rotting, coleoptile spot, and seedling blight of common millet plants. According to the inoculation experiments, B. panici-miliacei showed strong virulence on the young seedlings of common millet, but very weak virulence on the young seedlings of rice (Oryza sativa) and foxtail millet (Setaria italica).

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Newly Recorded Problematic Plant Diseases in Korea and Their Causal Pathogens

  • Kwon, Jin-Hyeuk
    • 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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    • pp.25-27
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    • 2003
  • Since 1993, a total of 50 problematic plant diseases unrecorded in Korea were surveyed in Gyeongnam province. Totally 34 new host plants to corresponding pathogens investigated in this study were 5 fruit trees, 9 vegetables, 12 ornamental plants, 3 industrial crops, and 5 medicinal plants. Among the newly recorded fruit tree diseases, fruit rot of pomegranate caused by Coniella granati and Rhizopus soft rot of peach caused by Rhizopus nigricans damaged severely showing 65.5% and 82.4% infection rate. Among the vegetable diseases, corynespora leaf spot of pepper caused by Corynespora cassiicola and the crown gall of pepper caused by Agrobacterium tumefaciens, powdery mildew of tomato caused by Oidiopsis taurica were the most severe revealing 47.6%, 84.7%, and 54.5% infection rate in heavily infected fields, respectively. In ornamental plants, collar rot of lily caused by Sclerotium rolfsii, gray mold of primula caused by Botrytis cinerea, soot leaf blight of dendrobium caused by Pseudocercospora dendrobium, sclerotinia rot of obedient plant caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum showed 32.7 to 64.8% disease incidence. On three industrial plants such as sword bean, broad bean, and cowpea, eight diseases were firstly found in this study. Among the diseases occurring on broad bean, rust caused by Uromyces viciae-fabae and red spot caused by Botrytis fabae were the major limiting factor for the cultivation of the plant showing over 64% infection rate in fields. In medicinal plants, anthracnose of safflower caused by Collectotrichum acutatum was considered the most severe disease on the plant and followed by collar rot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii.(중략)

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Xanthomonas campestris pv. sesami에 의한 참깨의 세균성잎마름병 (Bacterial Blight of Sesame Caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. sesami)

  • 이승돈;이정희;김용기;허성기;나동수
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제11권2호
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    • pp.146-151
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    • 2005
  • 2000년 수원, 홍천, 연천 지역의 참깨 포장에서 새로운 병해가 발견되었다. 처음에는 잎에 수침상의 작은 점무늬를 형성하다가 점점 커져 괴사가 일어나고 주위로 황화되었다. 심하게 감염된 경우는 병든 잎은 떨어졌다. YDC 배지에서 병원세균을 순수 분리 하였을 때 Xanthomonas 속 세균의 전형적인 특징인 노란색 색소를 띤 세균이 형성되었다. 분리된 세균을 $10^{8}cfu/ml$로 현탁한 후 3주 동안 자란 참깨 잎에 분무 접종하였을 때 처음과 같은 증상이 재현되었다. 분리된 세균은 대조균주 X. campestris pv. sesami LMG865와 지방산 조성 및 다양한 탄소원 이용정도를 이용하여 비교하였을 때 $100\%$의 가능성으로 X. campestris pv. sesami로 동정되었다. 분리된 병원균은 $18\~36^{\circ}C$에서 생장이 양호하였으며, $27^{\circ}C$에서 가장 우수하였다. 이 보고는 국내에서 참깨의 세균성잎마름병 최초 보고이며, P. syringae pv. sesami에 의한 세균성점무늬병과 외부적인 병징으로 구별하기가 매우 어렵다.

Incidences of Leaf Spots and Blights on Kiwifruit in Korea

  • Jeong, In-Ho;Lim, Myoung-Taek;Kim, Gyung-Hee;Han, Tae-Woong;Kim, Hong-Chul;Kim, Min-Ji;Park, Hyun-Su;Shin, Soon-Ho;Hur, Jae-Seoun;Shin, Jong-Sup;Koh, Young-Jin
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제24권2호
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    • pp.125-130
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    • 2008
  • Various kinds of leaf spots and blights were found in kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) orchards on 2006 in Korea. Disease incidences were quite variable between open-field and rain-proof shelter. Rate of diseased leaves was recorded as about 70% at open-field orchards in late season but use of rain-proof vinyl shelters alleviated the disease incidences by 20%. Angular leaf spots appeared at early infection stage on June and several other symptoms were also recognized as the disease developed afterward. On September, brown leaf blights were the most frequent, followed by grayish brown ring spots, silvering gray leaf blights, zonate leaf blights, dark brown ring spots and angular leaf spots at open-field orchards. Four fungal species were frequently isolated from the disease symptoms. Phomopsis sp. was the most predominant fungus associated with the leaf spot and blight symptoms on kiwifruit, followed by Glomerella cingulata, Alternaria alternata and Pestalo-tiopsis sp. Phomopsis sp. was commonly isolated from angular leaf spots, silvering gray leaf blights, and zonate brown leaf blights. G. cingulata, A. alternata and Pestalotiopsis sp. were isolated from grayish brown ring spots (anthracnose), brown ring spots and zonate dark brown leaf blights. Typical symptoms appeared on the wounded and unwounded leaves, which were inoculated by each of Phomopsis sp., G. cingulata, and Pestalotiopsis sp., but A. alternata caused symptoms only on the wounded leaves.