• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.322-329
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• 2015

Cirsium japonicum var. ussuriense are often used in treatment of human diseases such as hemorrhage, blood congestion and inflammation in Korea. However, there was not report on the anti-obesity efficacy of water extracts from different organs of C. japonicum var. ussuriense. Here, we investigated the antioxidant effects of water extracts of flowers, leaves and roots from C. japonicum var. ussuriense. Total polyphenol amounts of the flower extract showed higher than those of leaf and root extract. Flower extract also showed the high antioxidant activities such as DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power. We also investigated the anti-obesity effects of water extracts of flowers, leaves and roots from C. japonicum var. ussuriense in 3T3-L1 cells and high fat diet-induced obesity mice. The mice were divided into four groups [high fat diet (HFD) control, HFD + leaf extract, HFD + flower extract and root extract] and administered with each extract (200 mg/kg) for 12 weeks. The flower and leaf extract significantly suppressed the levels of oil red O and triglyceride content. The flower and leaf extract also significantly reduced the triglyceride, total cholesterol and lower density lipoprotein levels of plasma as well as body and abdominal fat weight. Furthermore, oral glucose tolerance in the flower and leaf extract groups were significantly ameliorated in comparison to the high fat diet group. Therefore, these results indicate that the flower and leaf extract could ameliorate obesity and attenuate blood glucose level in high fat diet-induced obesity mice. We conclude that this study may provide positive insights into water extracts of flowers and leaves from C. japonicum var. ussuriense as a functional food ingredient for treatment of obesity.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.542-547
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• 2016

The thermal properties of ramie leaf ${\beta}$-amylase (RBA) were examined to develop a novel process for enzyme purification. The thermostability of RBA extract prepared from ramie leaf powder was examined at various temperatures. RBA activity decreased slightly, whereas other carbohydrate-active enzymes, such as $\small{D}$-enzyme, were rapidly inactivated during 30 min incubation at $60^{\circ}C$. When the heat-treated extract was incubated with various substrates, maltose was produced exclusively as the major product, whereas the untreated crude extract produced maltose and other maltooligosaccharides. In sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis, fewer protein bands were observed for the heat-treated extract than the untreated extract, indicating that the thermostable RBA was partially purified and other thermolabile enzymes were eliminated. Thus, the treatment of the RBA extract at $60^{\circ}C$ for 30 min resulted in 5.4-fold purification with a recovery yield of 90%.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.74-81
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• 1991

This study was conducted to find out physical and chemical characteristics of burley and flue-cured tobacco leaves followed by location, growing season and leaf position during the period 1985 to 1989. The locations of flue-cured tobacco were 7(65farms) and burley tobacco were 4(40 farms). 1. Flue-cured tobacco leaves The locations of Ch'unch'on and Suwon were higher nicotine and ether extract content, Taegu and Chinju were higher total nitrogen content but Chiniju was lower red color of cured leaves than that of other location. Nicotine content increased but total sugar content decreased during the period 1985 to 1989. Nicotine and total nitrogen content increased but crude ash decreased from lower leaf position to higher leaf position. Total sugar and ether extract content were variable followed by leaf position. 2. Burley tobacco leaves. The location of Ch'onju was higher ether extract content than that of others location, but there was no significant difference the others chemical component among location. Nicotine content and red color of cured leaves increased during the period 1985 to 1989. Nicotine, total nitrogen and ether extract content increased but decreased crude ash content and brightness of cured leaf from lower leaf position to higher leaf position.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.259-264
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• 2009

We examined the inhibitory effects of loquat methanol extract on the adhesion, migration, invasion and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activities of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell line. Cells were cultured with DMSO or with 10, 25, or 50 ${\mu}g/ml$ of loquat methanol extract. Both leaf and seed extracts significantly inhibited growth of MDA-MB-231 cells in a dose-dependent manner, although leaf extract was more effective. Adhesion and migration were significantly inhibited by loquat extracts in a dose-dependent manner. Loquat extract also inhibited the invasion of breast cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner and leaf extract was more effective than seed extract. MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities were also inhibited by loquat extract. Our results indicate that methanol extracts of loquat inhibit the adhesion, migration and invasion of human breast cancer cells partially through the inhibition of MMP activity and leaf extract has more anti-metastatic effects in cell based assay than seed extract. Clinical application of loquat extract as a potent chemopreventive agent may be helpful in limiting breast cancer invasion and metastasis.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2012년도 정기총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.18-18
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• 2012

Antioxidant is an important role to protect the human body against damage by reactive oxygen species. However, the excessive intake of such antioxidant is known to cause a serious poisonous influence on one's liver, lungs and circulating system. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a safe natural antioxidant. For the purpose of developing natural antioxidant and antibacterial, the antioxidant activity and antibacterial effects of various extract solvents from Artichoke (Cynara Scolymus L.) leaf were determined. In this study, the extracts of Artichoke leaf dried from solvent extraction were examined by means of DPPH free radical scavenging activity and ABTS free radical scavenging activity. The effect of free radical scavenging compared with $\alpha$-tocopherol and L-ascorbic acid. In Artichoke leaf extract, evaluated by using DPPH and ABTS showed that the highest antioxidant activities were found to be in methanol extracts from DPPH radical ($IC_{50}$: $20.06{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$), ABTS radical ($IC_{50}$: $16.01{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$) and followed by ethanol > methyl chloride > ethyl acetate > n-Hexane. By using disc diffusion method, the antibacterial activity showed that the Artichoke leaf extract was found to be most effective against all of the tested organisms and the methyl chloride extract showed the most significant antibacterial effect against all of tests among 5 solvents extract, followed by ethyl acetate > n-Hexane > ethanol > methanol. As a result, optimal in antioxidant activity for Artichoke (Cynara Scolymus L.) leaf is methanol extract and for antibacterial effect is Methyl Chloride extract.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.243-249
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• 2001

본 연구는 독성과 안정성의 문제가 없는 천연식품 보존제의 개발을 위하여 신걸나무 잎 추출물을 이용하여 천연보존제로서의 특성 및 간으성을 조사하였다. 신갈나무 잎 에탄올 추출물은 그람양성균에 대해서 $250\;\mu\textrm{g}/mL$, 그람음성균에 대해서는 $500\;\mu\textrm{g}/mL$ 농도에서 40시간 동안 식중독균의 증식을 억제하였다. 신갈나무 잎 추출물의 항균활성 물질은 pH와 열에 매우 안정하였다. 신갈나무 잎 에탄올 추출물과 합성보존제가 솔잎 음료, 당근 쥬스, 된장 및 막걸리의 보존성에 미치는 영향을 비교한 결과, 솔잎 음료 및 당근 쥬스의 경우 0.1% 첨가시 합성보존제와 유사한 미생물 생육억제 효과를 나타내었고, 된장은 추출물을 2~3% 첨가하였을 경우 7주까지는 미생물 중식이 억제되어 에틸알코올과 비슷한 보존효과를 보였다. 막걸리의 경우는 추출물 0.5% 이상 첨가시 합성보존제인 안식향산과 유사한 미생물 생육 억제효과를 나타내었다. 따라서 이와같은 결과로 미루어 보아 신갈나무 잎은 향후 천연보존제의 원료로서 사용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.255-263
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• 2010

Kojongsi persimmon (Diospyros kaki) is the major cultivar of astringent persimmon in southern of Korea. Kojongsi persimmon leaf has been traditionally used for acute and chronic diseases in Oriental countries. The purpose of this study was undertaken to investigate the antioxidative activities of the extract of Kojongsi persimmon leaf during growth. We investigated the antioxidant effects of the persimmon leaf extracts during growth on total polyphenol, total flavonoid, electronic donating ability (DPPH), nitrite (NO) scavenging and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity. The next, we investigated the possible cell protective effects of the persimmon extract treatment against ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced injury in HaCaT keratinocytes. The contents of total polyphenol and flavonoid in leaf extract of Kojongsi persimmon were increased in time-dependent manner. In Jun, DPPH and NO radical scavenging and SOD-like activities in the leaf extract of Kojongsi persimmon was increased to the highest. However, the antioxidant activities in persimmon varieties were not any difference. The cell cytotoxicity by UVB irradation in HaCaT keratinocytes was significantly increased with the compared to the control group. However, the treatment of leaf extract of Kojongsi persimmon in HaCaT keratinocytes was shown to protective effect against UVB-induced cell cytotoxicity. These results suggest that the leaf extract of Kojongsi persimmon has potent antioxidant activity, and protective effect against UVB-induced keratinocyte injury. Thus, these properties may be contributed in the care of acute and chronic diseases.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제60권3호
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• pp.191-198
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• 2017

잣나무 잎 추출물에 대해 염증인자인 hyaluronidase 저해효과를 측정한 결과 ethanol 추출물에서 물추출물에 비해 상대적으로 더 높은 HAase 저해효과를 보여주었으며, $50-200{\mu}g/mL$ phenolic 농도에서 13.2-29.5%의 저해효과를 나타내었다. 잣나무잎 추출물을 Raw 264.7 cell에 농도별로 처리하여 생성되는 NO량을 측정한 결과 LPS처리군은 LPS 무처리군에 비하여 3배에 가까운 NO발현을 나타내었으며, 농도 의존적으로 NO발현을 억제하였다. LPS에 의해서 생성된 $PGE_2$의 생성억제 효과를 측정한 결과 $25{\mu}g/mL$의 처리농도에서 ethanol 추출물이 26.2%의 저해율을 나타내었다. NO 생성 억제기작에 관한 iNOS 단백질의 발현량을 측정한 결과 $25{\mu}g/mL$의 농도에서 40%의 높은 억제효과를 나타내었으며, 농도 의존적으로 감소하는 경향을 관찰 할 수 있었다. LPS 처리시 또 다른 염증인자인 COX-2의 단백질 발현을 측정한 결과 $25{\mu}g/mL$의 처리 농도에서 64%의 저해효과를 나타내었다. 잣나무잎 추출물이 Raw 264.7 세포에서 LPS에 의해서 생성되는 $TNF-{\cdot}$, IL-6의 생성억제 효과를 측정한 결과 $25{\mu}g/mL$의 처리농도에서 각각 61.7, 62%의 저해 효과를 나타내었다. 따라서 잣나무잎 추출물은 염증억제를 위한 천연 기능성 소재로 활용이 가능할 것으로 판단되었다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.133-137
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• 1998

Well grown trees of ficus bengalensis produce one or more potential inhibitors of seed germination and seedling growth. The aqueous extract of ficus leaf and bark enhanced the shoot length aqueous leaf extract of F. bengalensis. Bark extract of F. bengalensis inhibited the shoot length and root length of the plant at high concentration. Both the bark and leaf extract inhibited the seed germination. The postemergence and preemergence treatment of bark and leaf extract of F. bengalensis reduced the shoot biomass. The result suggest that F. bengalensis may have potential allelochemicals which may be developed as natural herbicides.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제28권3_4호
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• pp.444-451
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• 2004

This study was carried out to investigate the chemical and dyeing properties of Petasites japonicus leaf extract under the various extracting and dyeing conditions such as temperature, time, the ratio of water and pH, repetition of dyeing in silk and cotton fabrics with Petasites japonicus leaf. The results were as follows: 1. It was found that λ$_{\max}$ of color solution extracted by Petasites japonicus leaf has two peaks at 290nm and 323nm. 2. The optimum extracting conditions were studied at 10$0^{\circ}C$, 40min., pH 7 and 1 : 20(the ratio of water and Petasites japonicus leaf), the optimum dyeing temperature, dyeing time, dyeing pH and repetition of dyeing were 10$0^{\circ}C$, 60min., pH 7, repetitions of three times, respectively. 3. Silk and cotton fabrics dyed with Petasites japonicus leaf extract were colored yellowish orange. The colory Petasites japonicus leaf extract in silk and cotton fabrics were deeped by same-mordanting with aluminum potassium sufate and cupric sulfate. 4. Washing fastness of silk fabrics was 4∼5 grade, but cotton fabrics was 3∼4 grade, so washing fastness of silk fabrics washed with neutral detergent was excellent.