• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.96-97
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• 2007

A stator of ultrasonic motor of high torque with a new configuration is proposed. The stator designed newly is two sided vibrator consisting of toothed metal disk with piezoelectric ceramic ring bonded on both face of disk. which generates a flexural traveling wave along the circumference of disk. it produces a large vibrating force and amplitude because the vibrator is sandwiched by two piezoelectric ring. The finite element method was used to compute the vibration mode of the stator with a outer diameter of 48mm. A 6th vibration mode was chosen as operation mode with resonance frequency about 72kHz. According to the design, the prototype stator was fabricated and its performance was measured.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.30-37
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• 2011

This paper presents a circuit configuration of multilevel inverter to synthesize a large number of output voltage levels by connecting a full-bridge inverter to a 5-level inverter in series. We analyze the characteristics by computer-aided simulations and experiments when it has input voltage sources which have the same and the power of three in the amplitude. In addition, it is compared with the conventional transformer based multilevel inverter.

• Proceedings of the KSPS conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.121-124
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• 2005

In this paper, we propose a sound localization algorithm for two simultaneous speakers. Because speech is wide-band signal, there are many frequency sub-bands in that two speech sounds are mixed. However, in some sub-bands, one speech sound is more dominant than other sounds. In such sub-bands, dominant speech sounds are little interfered by other speech or noise. In speech sounds, overtones of fundamental frequency have large amplitude, and that are called 'Harmonic structure of speech'. Sub-bands inharmonic structure are more likely dominant. Therefore, the proposed localization algorithm is based on harmonic structure of each speakers. At first, sub-bands that belong to harmonic structure of each speech signal are selected. And then, two speakers are localized using selected sub-bands. The result of simulation shows that localization using selected sub-bands are more efficient and precise than localization methods using all sub-bands.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.181-187
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• 1997

Filamentous cyanobacteria are an ecologically important group of bacteria because they are able to provide both organic carbon fixed nitrogen that can support the nutritional requirements for other microorganisms. Because of their prokaryotic nature, they can also be used as potentially powerful model systems for the analysis of oxygenic photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation. Gene transfer is an indispensable procedure for genetic analysis of filamentous cyanobacteria. Electroporation was used to introduce foreign DNA into cyanobacterial cells. In experiments designed to optimize the electroporation technique, the effects of the field strength (amplitude of pulse) and time constant (duration of pulse), DNA concentration and host restriction/modification of DNA on the efficiency of electro-transformation were investigated. The results of this research revelaed that a high voltage pulse of short duration was effective for the electro-transformation of Anabaene sp. M131. The maximal number of transformants was obtained at 6 kV/cm with a pulse duration of 5 msec. The efficiency of electro-transformation was also sensitive to concenetration of DNA; even small amounts of DNA (0.01 .mu.g/ml) were able to gie a large number of transformants (1.0 * 10$\^$3/ cfu/ml).

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.896-904
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• 2006

In a liquid rocket engine, the role of gas-liquid scheme injector as an acoustic resonator or absorber is studied experimentally for combustion stability by adopting linear acoustic test. The acoustic-pressure signals or responses from the chamber are monitored by acoustic amplitude. Acoustic behavior in a rocket combustor with a single injector is investigated and the acoustic-damping effect of the injector is evaluated for cold condition by the quantitative parameter of damping factor as a function of injector length. From the experimental data, it is found that the injector can play a significant role in acoustic damping when it is tuned finely. The optimum tuning-length of the injector to maximize the damping capacity is near half of a full wavelength of the first longitudinal overtone mode traveling in the injector with the acoustic frequency intended for damping in the chamber. When the injector has large diameter, the phenomenon of the mode split is observed near the optimum injector length and thereby, the acoustic-damping effect of the tuned injectors can be degraded.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.905-913
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• 2006

The instability curve of a Rijke tube system was obtained accurately by following different paths of heat power and flow-rate for three regions and by defining its locus from the criterion based on the measured sound pressure levels. The unstable limits in the region of flow-rate lower than that at the minimal power are compared with previous data. To observe the effect of turbulence on the unstable limits, inflow turbulence was introduced by placing a bundle of circular cylinders upstream of the heating part ($50). The large-amplitude inflow fluctuation may delay the transition of the chamber acoustic mode to the unstable Bone even at a sufficient power.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.366-371
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• 1999

The volumetric curve was characterized by current functions of large amplitude and formation peak potential of adsorption oxygen (O(a)) was disappeared with sonication. The reduction peak potential of O(a) shifted about 0.05 V to noble direction in saturated $N_2$ and air systems with addition of $Cl^{-1}$ ion and sonication. The formation and ionization potentials of adsorption hydrogen (H(a)) had not been confirmed, and were not changed with sonication.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.41.2-41.2
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• 2018

The Minkowski Functionals of the matter densityeld, as traced by galaxies, contain information regarding the nature of dark energy and the fraction of dark matter in the Universe. In particular, the genus is a statistic that provides a clean measurement of the shape of the linear matter power spectrum. As the genus is a topological quantity, it is insensitive to galaxy bias and gravitational collapse. Furthermore, as it traces the linear matter power spectrum, it is a conserved quantity with redshift. Hence the genus amplitude is a standard population that can be used to test the distance-redshift relation. In this talk, I show how we can extract the genus from galaxy catalogs, and how we can use its properties to constrain the equation of state of dark energy and the energy content of the Universe.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.297-313
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• 2020

An Arctic Spar is characterized by its conical shape near the waterline. In this case, the nonlinear effects from its irregular hull shape would be significant if there is either a large amplitude floater motion or steep wave conditions. Therefore, in this paper, the nonlinear effects of an Arctic Spar are numerically investigated by introducing a weakly nonlinear time-domain model that considers the time dependent hydrostatic restoring stiffness and Froude-Krylov forces. Through numerical simulations under multiple regular and irregular wave conditions, the nonlinear behavior of the Arctic Spar is clearly observed, but it is not shown in the linear analysis. In particular, it is found that the nonlinear Froude-Krylov force plays an important role when the wave frequency is close to the heave natural frequency. In addition, the nonlinear hydrostatic restoring stiffness causes the structure's unstable motion at a half of heave natural period.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.77 no.4
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• pp.535-547
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• 2021

This paper concerns with free torsional vibration analysis of size dependent circular nanobars with von kármán type nonlinearity. Although review of the literature suggests several studies employing nonlocal elasticity theory to investigate linear torsional behavior, linear/nonlinear transverse vibration and buckling of the nanoscale structures, so far, no study on the nonlinear torsional behavior of the nanobars, considering the size effect, has been reported. This study employs nonlocal elasticity theory along with a variational approach to derive nonlinear equation of motion of the nanobar. Then, the nonlinear equation is solved using the elliptic functions to extract the natural frequencies of the structure under fixed-fixed and fixed-free end conditions. Finally, the natural frequencies of the nanobar under different nanobar lengths, diameters, nonlocal parameters, and amplitudes of vibration are reported to illustrate the effect of these parameters on the vibration characteristics of the nanobars. In addition, the phase plane diagrams of the nanobar for various cases are reported.