• Applied Microscopy
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 1992

Parenchyma of the cat pineal body consisted of pinealocytes and glial cells. The pinealocyte, predominant cell type, was characterized by having large mitochondria with pale matrix, abundant polyribosomes, moderately-developed Golgi apparatus, centrioles and occasional cilia. The pinealocyte had one thick and long cytoplasmic process at the one pole of the cell, and slender and shorter processes at the other pole, and in addition occasional short processes from the cell body. These processes contained longitudinally arranged microtubules, and a few mitochondria. Thick processes teminated as bulgings either in the intercellular process-rich area, or in the perivascular border which was formed by glial cell processes. These endings of pinealocyte processes had many small vesicles, mitochondria, and occasional dense bodies. Glial cells with abundant filaments of intermediate type and clear cytoplasmic matrix were fibrous astrocyte. Perikarya of the astrocytes had small and dense mitochondria, moderately developed Golgi apparatus, dense bodies and variable amount of intermediate filaments. Glial cell processes run through the intercellular spaces among the pinealocyte processes. Glial cell of protoplasmic type had no or a few filaments, but it had well-organized rough endoplasmic reticulum, dense mitochondria, well developed Golgi apparatus and many dense granules. Intercellular canaliculi formed by adjacent pinealocytes and glial cell processes were often noted. Within the parenchyma, sympathetic and parasympathetic axons and their endings were noted. These endings were present mostly in the intercellular spaces without having membrane specialization, however, in rare instances, ending with small clear and dense cored vesicles, and large dense cored vesicles formed specialized synapse with a pinealocyte process. Within the perivascular spaces nerve fibers and endings, Schwann cells and pericyte were noted. In rare case pinealocyte process penetrated into the perivascular space through the interuptions of glial border. These results suggest that pinealocyte of the cat has less significance in secretory function and is rather neural type of cell.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.102-104
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• 2014

Spindle cell lipoma, a rare variant of lipoma, is a benign tumor found in the posterior neck and shoulder. A 24-year-old man with a close family history of malignant lymphoma had presented with a large, firm, nodular mass found in the right supraclavicular area. Excision of the deeply located mass revealed a pale yellow, rubbery nodule which grossly resembled an enlarged lymph node, with a variant of lymphoma as a primary suspect. However, pathological studies revealed the lesion to be a spindle cell lipoma. Although atypical in location, spindle cell lipoma should always be kept in differential diagnosis of a newly-noted soft tissue mass, as this entity may be easily cured by simple excision.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.29 no.12
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• pp.819-823
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• 2016

DSSC (dye-sensitized solar cell) is expected to be one of the next-generation photovoltaics because of its environment-friendly and low-cost properties. However, commercialization of DSSC is difficult because of the electrolyte leakage. We propose thermal curable base on silicon resin and apply a unit cell and large area ($200{\times}200mm$) dye-sensitized solar cell. The resin aimed at sealing of DSSC and gives a promising resolution for sealing of practical DSSC. In result, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the unit cell and the module was 6.63% and 5.49%, respectively. In the durability test result, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the module during 500, 1,000, 1,500 and 2,000 hours was 0.73%, 0.73%, 1.82% and 2.36% respectively. It was confirmed that the photoelectric conversion efficiency characteristics are constant. We have developed encapsulation material of thermal curing method excellent in chemical resistance. A sealing material was applied to the dye-sensitized solar cell and it solved the problem of durability the dye-sensitized solar cell. Sealing material may be applied to verify the possibility of practical application of the dye-sensitized solar cell.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.372-377
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• 2001

A study on the prevalence and causes of sub-clinical mastitis was conducted on ten smallholder and large-scale dairy farms in Morogoro urban and peri-urban areas. A total of 65 lactating cows were screened using the California Mastitis Test (CMT). Confirmatory tests used included; the direct microscopic somatic cell count (DMSCC), culture, bacteriological and biochemical tests. Structured questionnaires were used to collect information on management aspects. Results showed 62% and 4% cows as sub- clinical and clinical mastitis cases respectively. Levels of infection were higher on smallholder farms (75%) than on large-scale farms (25%). All tested cows had high cell counts (>500,000) per ml of milk. Incidences of mastitis were significantly (p<0.05) related to milking practices. The dominant bacterial isolates in the same order were Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus spp, and Escherichia coli. Other organisms isolated included Pseudomonas spp and Klebsiella spp. It was concluded that the high rates of sub-clinical mastitis in the research area were mainly due to poor management and unhygienic milking practices.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.13-20
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• 1996

Recently, for implementation of neural networks extensive studies have been done especially VLSI technology has been regarded as the one of the most attractive means to implement neural networks. The main drawbacks of digital VLSI implementations are their large area and slow processing speed. In this paper to solve the speed and size problems we designed the efficient architecture using the binary convolution method for basic operation of neural cell, multiplication and addition. When it is used for implementing 3-layer network with 16 neural cell per layer that used neural cell based on binary convolution, clock of 50MHz and 26MCPS on 0.8${\mu}$ standard cell library has been achieved.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.93-99
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• 2011

To guarantee more exact maximum power of solar cell module, it is absolutely required to have performance characteristics of various solar cells. Today, there are many types of solar simulator for large area measurement. But it is very opaque how to select the best one for various solar cell module like crystalline silicon solar cell, high efficiency solar cell, amorphous silicon thin film solar cell, CdTe and CIGS solar cell module. So, in this paper 4 types of photovoltaic module were selected to compare the electrical characteristics by changing light pulse duration time and voltage scan direction. Light pulse duration time was varied from 10msec to 800msec. And two types of voltage scan directions, Voc->Isc and Isc->Voc were selected. From this results, optimum measuring condition was suggested and electrical variation was analysed for each types of solar cell module. The detail description is specified as the following paper.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.304-306
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• 2008

Langerhans' cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare immunologic disorder characterized by histiocyte proliferation in multiple organ systems. Eosinophilic granuloma, a benign bone lesion, represents a focal form of LCH. We experienced a case of Langerhans' cell histiocytosis in a patient who presented with intracranial epidural hematoma and cyst on the midline of the frontal skull. A 10-year-old boy presented with a rapidly growing large scalp mass on the midline frontal area after mild head trauma. The scalp mass was painless and immobile. Plain skull x-ray showed a punched-out bone lesion. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed a non-enhancing osteolytic lesion presenting with an epidural hematoma and cyst on the midline of the frontal skull. The lesion of the skull was completely resected and the patient's recovery was uneventful. The acute presentation of a solitary eosinophilic granuloma of skull with an epidural hematoma has been described in only five cases in the literature and we report the first case of LCH presenting as an intracranial epidural hematoma on frontal area.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.243-243
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• 2010

This paper two different etching, HF : HNO3 :DI and RIE were used for etching in multi-crystalline Silicon(Mc-Si) solar cell fabrication. The wafers etched in RIE texture showed low reflectance compared to the wafers etched in Acid soultion after SiNx deposition. In light current-voltage results, the cells etched in RIE texture exhibited higher short circuit current and open circuit voltage than those of the cells etched in acid solution. We have obtained 15.1% conversion efficiency in large area($156cm^2$) Multi-Si solar cells etched in RIE texture.

• Ceramist
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.204-215
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• 2018

Proteases are one of the most abundant classes of enzymes in living organisms and have been considered major targets for drug development. However, despite the ability to specifically cleave their substrates, many attempts to assay protease activity have generally relied upon the use of gel zymography or fluorophore-labeled peptide substrates, which is limited in rapid and multiplex analysis. Here we review the recent advances in nanoparticle (NP)-utilized assays of protease activity focused on in vitro and cell imaging-based approaches. Owing to large surface area and unprecedented physical properties of NPs, these approaches are anticipated to facilitate many applications related to protease activity-based disease diagnosis and drug discovery.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.398-401
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• 2008

Inkjet printing is commonly used in the controlled deposition of solutions of functional materials in specific locations on a substrate, and it can provide easy and fast deposition of polymer films over a large area. which could become a way to manufacturer low cost solar cells. In the present study, inkjet printing technology is adopted to deposit functional layers of PEDOT/PSS solutions and P3HT/PCBM blends for organic solar cell. The results show that merging of separately deposited ink droplets into a continuous, pinhole-free organic thin film could be achieved by a balance between ink property and substrate treatment. As a result, a power conversion efficiency of 2.0% has been accomplished a solar cells applying inkjet technology.