• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.123-129
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• 2018

최근 요구되는 트래픽이 지속적으로 증가하면서 광대역의 주파수를 확보할 수 있는 밀리미터파 기반의 이동통신 기술이 주목을 받고 있다. 하지만 밀리미터파 대역의 채널은 NLoS (Non-Line-of-Sight) 환경에 취약하며 경로 감쇠가 매우 큰 문제점을 갖는다. 이를 위해 기지국에 수십 개 이상의 안테나를 장착하여 빔 형성을 통해 경로 감쇠를 보완하는 Massive MIMO (Multiple Input and Multiple Output) 시스템이 연구되고 있다. 기존 빔 형성 기법에는 아날로그 방식과 디지털 방식이 있지만 시스템의 복잡도와 비용적인 측면에서 Massive MIMO 시스템에 적용하기에 현실적인 어려움이 따른다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 밀리미터파 대역의 Massive MIMO 시스템에서 상기 두 방식을 융합한 하이브리드 빔 형성 기법을 연구한다. 또한 다수의 안테나를 장착한 다중 사용자를 서비스할 수 있도록 공간 다중화 기법을 고려한다. 주파수 효율 분석을 통해 빔 형성 및 공간 다중화에 의한 이득을 평가한다.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.71-75
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• 2011

The sum-rate maximization rule can find an optimal user set that maximizes the sum capacity in multiple input multiple output (MIMO) broadcast channels (BCs), but the search space for finding the optimal user set becomes prohibitively large as the number of users increases. The proposed algorithm selects a user set of the largest effective channel norms based on statistical channel state information (CSI) for reducing the computational complexity, and uses Tomlinson-Harashima precoding (THP) for minimizing the interference between selected users in time-varying MIMO BCs.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.592-603
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• 2018

In order to obtain better target identification performance, an efficient waveform design method with high range resolution and low sidelobe level for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar is proposed in this paper. First, the wideband CP-based OFDM signal is transmitted on each antenna to guarantee large bandwidth and high range resolution. Next, a complex orthogonal design (COD) is utilized to achieve code domain orthogonality among antennas, so that the spatial diversity can be obtained in MIMO radar, and only the range sidelobe on the first antenna needs suppressing. Furthermore, sidelobe suppression is expressed as an optimization problem. The integrated sidelobe level (ISL) is adopted to construct the objective function, which is solved using the Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (BFGS) algorithm. The numerical results demonstrate the superiority in performance (high resolution, strict orthogonality, and low sidelobe level) of the proposed method compared to existing algorithms.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제32권11A호
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• pp.1197-1205
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• 2007

Adaptive K-best 검출 방식은 MIMO system을 위해 제안된 알고리즘이다. 제안된 방식은 각 K-best 단계에서 Zero-Forcing(ZF) 추정치의 신뢰도의 정도를 기반으로 하여, 생존 path들의 개수인 K값을 바꾸는 방식이다. 고정된 K값을 사용하는 K-best 방식의 치명적인 단점은 잘못된 ZF 추정치에 의해 발생하는 불완전한 간섭 제거로 인해 올바른 path임에도 일시적으로 그 거리가 K개의 최소 path 거리들 보다 더 커질 수 있다. 잘못된 ZF 추정치가 발생된 경우에는, path들 간의 거리들이 뚜렷하게 다르지 않다는 것을 관찰을 통해 발견하였다. 본 논문에서는 ZF 추정치의 신뢰도를 나타내는 지표로, 최소값을 갖는 path의 거리와 두 번째 최소값을 가지는 path 거리의 비를 사용한다. 최소값을 가지는 두 path의 거리의 비를 근거로, K값을 적절하게 선택하는 제안된 방식은 기존의 고정된 K값을 사용하는 K-best 방식에 비해, 확연히 개선되었음을 보여준다. 제안된 방식은, 큰 K값을 사용하는 방식에 비해 평균 계산양은 매우 작으면서, 큰 K값을 사용한 방식의 성능을 가진다.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.73-78
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• 2022

Based on experimental measurements conducted on many different practical wireless communication systems, ambient noise has been shown to be decidedly non-Gaussian owing to impulsive phenomena. However, most multiuser detection techniques proposed thus far have considered Gaussian noise only. They may therefore suffer from a considerable performance loss in the presence of impulsive ambient noise. In this paper, we consider a large-scale multiuser multiple-input multiple-output system in the presence of non-Gaussian noise and propose a genetic algorithm (GA) based detector for large-dimensional multiuser signal detection. The proposed algorithm is more robust than linear multi-user detectors for non-Gaussian noise because it uses a multi-directional search to manipulate and maintain a population of potential solutions. Meanwhile, the proposed GA-based algorithm has a comparable complexity because it does not require any complicated computations (e.g., a matrix inverse or derivation). The simulation results show that the GA offers a performance gain over the linear minimum mean square error algorithm for both non-Gaussian and Gaussian noise.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제8권8호
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• pp.2607-2625
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• 2014

Previous studies on multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) mostly assume a homogeneous signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), where each user has the same average SNR. However, real networks are more likely to feature heterogeneous SNRs (a random-valued average SNR). Motivated by this fact, we analyze a multiuser MIMO downlink with a zero-forcing (ZF) receiver in a heterogeneous SNR environment. A transmitter with Mantennas constructs M orthonormal beams and performs the SNR-based proportional fairness (S-PF) scheduling where data are transmitted to users each with the highest ratio of the SNR to the average SNR per beam. We develop a new analytical expression for the sum throughput of the multiuser MIMO system. Furthermore, simply modifying the expression provides the sum throughput for important special cases such as homogeneous SNR, max-rate scheduling, or high SNR. From the analysis, we obtain new insights (lemmas): i) S-PF scheduling maximizes the sum throughput in the homogeneous SNR and ii) under high SNR and a large number of users, S-PF scheduling yields the same multiuser diversity for both heterogeneous SNRs and homogeneous SNRs. Numerical simulation shows the interesting result that the sum throughput is not always proportional to M for a small number of users.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2004

MIMO OFDM 시스템에서 comb형태의 훈련심볼을 사용하는 기존의 채널 추정방식은 가장자리 반송파 영역에서 채널 추정의 MSE(Mean Squared Error)가 큰 단점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 순환구조를 갖는 comb형태 훈련심볼을 제안한다. 제안된 순환구조에서는 모든 종류의 comb 훈련심볼이 각 안테나로부터 순환 전송되며 수신 단에서는 각 comb 형태의 훈련심볼들을 이용해 채널을 추정한 후, MSE로부터 구해진 최적의 가중치를 곱함으로써 채널 주파수 응답을 추정한다 모의실험을 통해 제안된 방식이 기존의 comb 형태의 훈련심볼에 비해 높은 성능을 나타냄을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.609-621
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• 2015

Recently, a variety of reduced complexity soft-in soft-output detection algorithms have been introduced for iterative detection and decoding (IDD) systems. However, it is still challenging to implement soft-in soft-output detectors for MIMO systems due to heavy burden in computational complexity. In this paper, we propose a soft detection algorithm for MIMO systems which performs close to the full dimensional joint detection, yet offers significant complexity reduction over the existing detectors. The proposed algorithm, referred to as soft-input soft-output successive group (SSG) detector, detects a subset of symbols (called a symbol group) successively using a deliberately designed preprocessing to suppress the inter-group interference. In fact, the proposed preprocessor mitigates the effect of the interfering symbol groups successively using a priori information of the undetected groups and a posteriori information of the detected groups. Simulation results on realistic MIMO systems demonstrate that the proposed SSG detector achieves considerable complexity reduction over the conventional approaches with negligible performance loss.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제38C권9호
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• pp.781-786
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• 2013

Multiplexing information over parallel data channels based on RF MIMO concept is possible to achieve considerable data rates over large transmission ranges with just a single transmitting element. Visual multiplexing MIMO techniques will send independent streams of bits using the multiple elements of the light transmitter array and recording over a group of camera pixels can further enhance the data rates. The proposed system is a combination of the reliance on computer vision algorithms for tracking and OOK cell frame modulation. LED array are controlled to transmit message in the form of digital information using ON-OFF signaling with ON-OFF pulses (ON = bit 1, OFF = bit 0). A camera captures image frames of the array which are then individually processed and sequentially decoded to retrieve data. To demodulated data transmission, a motion tracking algorithm is implemented in OpenCV (Open source Computer Vision library) to classify the transmission pattern. One of the most advantages of proposed architecture is Computer Vision (CV) based image analysis techniques which can be used to spatially separate signals and remove interferences from ambient light. It will be the future challenges and opportunities for mobile communication networking research.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제66권6호
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• pp.949-954
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• 2017

Multiple input, multiple output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO OFDM) systems are the candidate for the future wireless communications. However, the main drawback of MIMO OFDM systems is their sensitivity to carrier frequency offset (CFO) similar to the single input, single output OFDM (SISO OFDM) systems. The demodulation of a signal with CFO causes large bit error rate and degrade the performance of a symbol synchronizer. It is important to estimate the frequency offset and minimize or eliminate its impact. In this paper, we propose a technique based on observation training symbols for estimating CFO by employing block-by-block estimation for SISO OFDM systems. The technique of SISO OFDM is extended to the MIMO OFDM systems. Simulation results show that the proposed techniques have a superior performance and better accuracy compared to the conventional techniques in the sense of mean square error.