• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.675-693
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• 2011

In its restricted sense, 'sound poetry' refers to the poetic performance that rejects words and verbal meaning and instead foregrounds the aural materiality of poetry. Behind this seeking for materiality lies a quest for a 'language of presence,' which operates through a denial of signification toward an ideal of the Adamic tongue, a purely emotional and universal language. In the same light, it is argued that sound poetry is a unique and unrepeatable event devoid of meaning due to its directness to the body allowing no intervention of intellectual and semiotic process. But language may involve perceptual meaning as well as verbal or conceptual meaning ascribed to words. This implies that even though devoid of conceptual meaning by means of using grammatically non-articulated sounds, sound poetry cannot but have meaning whose articulation is differently, i.e., iconically made about the aural features of the sounds. Perceptual meaning is unavoidable because everything we are conscious of is a reduced form, a repeatable pattern that works as a sign. 'Language of presence' is then actually impossible, and therefore sound poetry should be seen rather as a fest of diverse perceptual meanings.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.597-607
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• 2015

Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of sign language video location in e-learning system for the hearing-impaired. Background: E-learning education is a good way to resolve the inequality of education for the disabled. Providing a sign language video in e-learning education for the hearing-impaired is very important for their learning. Although the location of sign language video is an important factor in the design of the video, the effect of its location in learning using the e-learning system was not studied. Method: In order to identify the effect of sign language video location on the learning of the hearing-impaired using the e-learning system, the prototypes of the system with different locations were developed. Eighteen people with hearing impairment participated in this experiment. Learning presence, learning immersion, and learning satisfaction were used to measure learning effects with sign language video location. Results: Bottom right position was more preferred through preference evaluation for sign language video location. The learning effect with sign language video location (bottom-left and bottom-right) was not significant. That is, the effects of learning presence, immersion, and satisfaction were not statistically significant with video location. Conclusion: From this study, the following have to be considered in e-learning system design for the hearing-impaired. Although the location of a sign language video is not a significant factor from the experiment, the bottom right position in the design is proposed because learning presence and satisfaction is slightly higher at the bottom right position, and the position is preferred from subjective evaluation. From the analysis of interview data, it was also proposed that the design of a sign language video should be improved for the hearing-impaired. Application: The result of this study can be applied to the e-learning system design for the hearing-impaired.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.34-41
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• 2007

The presence service which provides user's presence information by subscription and notification is one of SIP(session initiation protocol) extension services, and it is used importantly in VoIP(Voice over IP) and Instant Messaging service. In this paper, we propose a new method in which users can combine and control presence service and call processing services in various ways by extending call processing language, and only changed parts of the presence information are published instead of full presence information document. Each user registers full presence information document with his own call processing script during the first publication to a presence server. The presence server executes these call processing scripts, so it can provide various services with combination of presence service and call processing services during the presence subscriptions and notifications. Afterwards, users publish only changed parts of the presence information and the presence server notify only these changed parts to watchers. Therefore the efficiency of the overall system can be improved. The performance of our proposed model is evaluated by experiments.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.99-106
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• 2013

In Instant message service, the server should process instant messages and request messages which include many presence resources for users. And it also precesses massive notification messages generating from the subscribed presence resources. In this paper a new architecture of instant message service with multiple servers which can distribute loads efficiently as the number of users increases has been suggested. It also provides various functions to users using extended call processing language. The user subscribes presence information and call processing language script which describes user's functions. The server processes instant messages, presence services and call processing language scripts. New extended presence information data structure has been suggested and new call processing language operation tags have been added. Therefore extendability of the system can be increased and various services which combine presence service and call processing can be provided in this system. Furthermore instant message processing module has been integrated in the server to decrease the amount of SIP(Session Initiation Protocol) messages, and it also improves system efficiency, The performance of our proposed system has been analysed by experiments.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.821-841
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• 2009

This paper explores the ways to reshape humanistic values of the curriculum of the English department of Korean universities. The English curricula are usually composed of three fields of literary studies, general education, and English proficiency, whose conventional humanistic values have been currently dwindling. As for literary studies, teaching literature still hovers over the canonical works of past decades, not allowing students to access the canon with their own ideas and ending up with authoritative monologues. The general education field leans toward edited texts rather than authentic ones, which ignores a genuine path of communication between the author and its readers. Subjects for English proficiency such as "TOEIC" tend to be taught online with no teacher's presence for the nominal purpose of optimizing economic efficiency in teaching. All these testify to the attenuation of humanistic values in the curriculum, which motivates us to suggest some ways to reshape the values. Authoritative monologue in teaching literature can be shifted to the open-ended conversation by using role-play methods as well as accepting extra-canonical works into the curriculum. Authentic texts for general education prove to be preferred by students with the successful result of our experiment. Lastly, it is teacher's presence in the class that helps get higher achievement of "TOEIC" than some online classes. As suggested above, open-ended conversation, wider communication between author and readers, and human presence of the class will help reshape humanistic values in the English curriculum.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.409-424
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• 2010

We observed the symptoms that occur to students who dislike mathematics when they study mathematics and the data that mathematics is related to foreign language. This study investigated the relation between mathematics and foreign language. Continuous immersion aids not only in acquiring language but also in learning mathematics. For continuous immersion, it is essential to organize small class. We organized small class and compared large class with small class about how the relation between mathematics and language appears in achievement, rate of presence, rate of submission of report, and attitude and enthusiasm. Based on the result, we try to find out the way to increase understanding mathematics and level up the achievements.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.29
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• pp.233-256
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• 2012

This paper aims to look into various symbolic meanings of the body shown in the film, Avatar (2009, James Cameron), and to ponder over a variety of media strategies carried by the pursuit of the corporality shown in this film. In a nutshell, the body in Avatar is a symbol of primitiveness rather than civilization, and the body language is a fundamental and effective means of communication much better than verbal language. A variety of physical contacts that appeared in many scenes of the movie emphasizes the role of the body as a means of real communication. Also, in the composition of the film dominated by the confrontation of civilization, numerous creatures in the planet Pandora with a variety of colors as well as a number of agencies and large body sizes express primitive richness. The narrative of the film telling the story of a 'moving' body ultimately emphasizes the superiority of the body with respect to consciousness, unlike the narrative of conventional movies dealing with the problems of the body. In addition, the corporality pursued by this film implies several important media strategies. It may reveal a self-reflection of the material civilization and the imperialism, or, on the contrary, an attempt to conceal or dilute them. It may also represent a self-reflection of the overdeveloped media technology, or simply the dilution of it. Finally, it may be an attempt to recover the feeling of "presence", not fully supported by the 3D technology, by the identification of the spectator's body and the character's body.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Language and Information Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.275-284
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• 2007

Among the languages that allow long-distance reflexives, some languages have blocking effects, whereas others don't. The goal of this paper is to provide computational algorithms that can handle presence and absence of blocking effects of long-distance reflexives. We will examine the blocking effects in Chinese and Korea and develop computational algorithms for handling blocking effects in those two languages. The algorithms will be developed by incorporating Chierchia's Binding Theory into Steedman's Combinatory Categorial Grammar (CCG). Through the analyses and implementations, this paper illustrates how blocking effects can be implemented computationally.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.67-74
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• 2009

The presence informations of users of Instant Messaging System In SIP(Session Initiation Protocol) environment are obtained by presence server, and message waiting indication event package is used to provide various message informations stored in the message server. In this paper, I have proposed a new method in which Extended CPL(Call Processing Language) has been applied to presence service to provide various functions to the users. A user of Instant Messaging System subscribes presence information and CPL scripts which describe his requirements, and presence server executes CPL scripts when instant messaging service is subscribed and notifies presence informations. Several CPL operation tags are added, and therefore various services which combine presence service and call processing can be provided in this system. Furthermore a new method has been proposed in which message server and presence server correlate in Instant Messaging System. When changes of message status informations occur, message server send these informations to the presence server, and presence server provides both presence informations and message status informations in extended format. As this method can be a substitute for message waiting indication event package, the system operating efficiency can be increased. The performance of this proposed system is evaluated by experiments.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.317-322
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• 2021

The modern technological era has brought about the Semantic Web. Ontologies are essential to achieve the vision of the Semantic Web. Ontologies enable machines to understand data. The Arabic Language currently does not have a significant presence on the Web. To achieve a comparable level of Arabic access to other important languages, further work is needed to build Arabic ontologies. A goal is to design and create a robust Arabic ontology that represents the concepts from a large and significant subset of Arabic. We use a source of Hadiths (prophet saying and deeds) from Riyadh As-Saliheen. Preliminary results are very promising.