• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제83권3호
• /
• pp.391-399
• /
• 1994

임지(林地)의 지피상태별(地被狀態別) 침투능(侵透能)을 조사, 분석하여 임지의 수저유(水貯留) 특성(特性)을 밝히고, 임지의 수보전기능(水保全機能)을 계량화(計量化)하기 위해 경북(慶北) 경주군(慶州郡) 내남면(內南面) 용장리(茸長里) 소재(所在) 영남대학교(嶺南大學校) 농축산대학(農畜産大學) 부속(附屬) 연습림(演習林)에서 1993년(年) 6월(月)부터 9월(月)에 걸쳐 수행한 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 지피상태에 따른 임지 표층 (0~20cm)의 침투능은 참나무림지 > $A_o$층을 제거 한 참나무림지 > $A_o$층을 제거한 소나무림지>소나무림지>임간라지(林間裸地)>초지(草地)의 크기 순위였다. 2. 강우강도(降雨强度)의 증대에 따른 지피상대별 침투능의 순향(順向)은 큰 변화가 없었고, 침투능의 절대량(絶對量)은 증가하였다. 3. 침투능과 그 영향인자들과의 상관관계(相關關係)에 있어 서 침투능은 토양경도(土壤硬度) 및 전공극량(全孔隙量)과 고도(高度)의 상관이 있었다. 4. Horton의 침투식(侵透式) 모형(模型)에 근거한 침투방정식(侵透方程式)을 지피상태별로 각각 추정(推定)할 수 있었다. 5. 전공극과 토양경도를 이용하여 나타낸 침투능으로 임지의 수저류량 추정모델을 산출(算出)할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서는 침투능이 산지지피상태에 따라 차이를 보이고 있음을 밝혔고, 침투능에 영향을 미치는 주요인자를 구명함과 동시에 추정식을 산출하였다. 이 결과로 산지의 수원함양기능의 계량화에 접근할 수 있었으며 또한 산지의 효율적인 수자원 관리를 위한 대책수립에 도움을 줄 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.67-83
• /
• 2002

The coupled model (SMART) of dynamic meteorology model and particle dispersion model was developed. The numerical experiment on the relationship between change of land use and diffusion behavior in complex terrain was carried out using this model. It tried to investigate the change of particle diffusion behavior and local weather under the condition in which land-land breeze and sea breeze and mountain breeze intermingled. The numerical experiment results are as follows; 1) The more complicated local circulation field of the interaction of sea breeze, mountain breeze and Land -land breeze is formed. Then, the region circulation in which the urbanization is specific by location of the region is strengthened and is weakened. 2) Though in the region with dominant sea breeze, Land-land breeze does not appear directly, the progress of the sea wind to the inland is affected. 3) In the prediction of the air diffusion, emission high quality and accurate information of the emission site are important. That is to say, the dispersion predicting result which emission high quality and small error of the site perfectly vary for Land - land breeze in the effect may be brought about.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.375-388
• /
• 2009

Numerical simulation is essential to indicate the flow of the atmosphere in the region with a complicated topography which consists of many mountains in the inland while it is neighboring the seashore. Such complicated topography produces land and sea breeze as the mesoscale phenomenon of meteorology which results from the effect of the sea and inland. In the mesoscale simulation examines, the change of the temperature in relation to the one of the sea surface for the boundary condition and, in the inland, the interaction between the atmosphere and land surface reflecting the characteristic of the land surface. This research developed and simulated PNULSM to reflect both the SST and vegetation effect as a bottom boundary for detailed meteorological numerical simulation in coastal urban area. The result from four experiments performed according to this protocol revealed the change of temperature field and wind field depending on each effect. Therefore, the lower level of establishment of bottom boundary suitable for the characteristic of the region is necessary to figure out the atmospheric flow more precisely, and if the characteristic of the surface is improved to more realistic conditions, it will facilitate the simulation of regional environment.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제25권5호
• /
• pp.785-791
• /
• 2009

Using artificial rainfall simulator, the soil loss, which is deemed as the most cause of muddy water problem among Non-point source (NPS) pollutant, was studied by the analysis of direct runoff, groundwater discharge, and soil water storage properties concerned with rainfall intensity, slope of area, and land cover. The direct runoff showed increasing tendency in both straw covered and bared soil as slope increases from 5% to 20%. The direct runoff volume from straw covered surface were much lower than bared surface. The infiltration capacity of straw covered surface increased, because the surface sealing by fine material of soil surface didn't occur due to the straw covering. Under the same rainfall intensity and slope condition, 2.4~8.2 times of sediment yield were occurred from bared surface more than straw covered surface. The volume of infiltration increased due to straw cover and the direct runoff flow decreased with decrease of tractive force in surface. To understand the relationship of the rate of direct runoff, groundwater discharge, and soil water storage by the rainfall intensity, slope, and land cover, the statistical test was performed. It shows good relationship between most of factors, except between the rate of groundwater storage and rainfall intensity.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국수자원학회 2009년도 학술발표회 초록집
• /
• pp.986-990
• /
• 2009

Using artificial rainfall simulator, the soil loss, which is deemed as most cause of muddy water problem among Non-point source(NPS) pollutant, was studied by the analysis of direct runoff flow, groundwater runoff, and groundwater storage properties concerned with rainfall intensity, slope of area, and land cover. The direct runoff showed increasing tendency in both straw covered and bared boxes which are 5%, 10%, and 20% sloped respectively. Also the direct runoff volume from straw covered surface boxes were much lower than bared surface boxes. It's deemed as that the infiltration capacity of straw covered surface boxes were increased, because the surface sealing by fine material of soil surface didn't occurred due to the straw covering. Under the same rainfall intensity and slope condition, 2.4 ${\sim}$ 8.2 times of sediment yield were occurred from bared surface boxes more than straw covered surface boxes. The volume of infiltrated were increased due to straw cover, the direct runoff flow were decreased with decreasing of tractive force in surface. To understand of relationship the rate of direct runoff flow, groundwater runoff, and groundwater storage by the rainfall intensity, slope, and land cover, the statistical test was performed. It shows good relationship between most of factors, expect between the rate of groundwater storage and rainfall intensity.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.85-92
• /
• 2020

This study adopted soil test and laboratory physical model experiments to simulate the tailings impoundment accumulation process according to the principle of similarity. Relying on the practical engineering, it analyzed the tailings deposition characteristics on dry beach surface during the damming process, as well as the variation rules of dam saturation line. Results suggested that, the tailings particles gradually became finer along the dry beach surface to inside the impoundment. The particle size suddenly changed at the junction between the deposited beach and the water surface, which displayed an obvious coarsening phenomenon. Besides, the deposited beach exhibited the vertical feature of coarse upward and fine downward on the whole. Additionally, in the physical model, the saturation line elevated with the increase in dam height, and its amplitude was relatively obvious within the range of 1.0-4.5 m away from the initial dam. Under flood condition, the saturation line height was higher than that under normal condition on the whole, with the maximum height difference of 4 cm. This study could provide an important theoretical basis for further studies on dam failure experiments and the evolution rules of leaked tailings flow.

• 한국측량학회지
• /
• 제28권2호
• /
• pp.197-206
• /
• 2010

최근 선진국들은 도시의 열섬현상에 대한 많은 문제점들을 인식하고, 이에 대한 대책을 마련하기 위해 끊임없이 노력하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 위성영상을 이용하여 도심의 개발사업이 진행됨에 따른 토지의 피복변화량을 추출하고 이 변화량이 도심의 열변화에 미치는 영향을 분석하고자 하였다. 1985년 4월, 1994년 8월, 2001년 5월, 2009년 5월에 해당하는 4개의 Landsat 위성영상을 이용하여 대전광역시의 토지피복변화에 따른 열변화를 분석하였다. 도심의 지표면 온도를 추출하기 위해 Landsat TM 열적외선 영역센서인 Band 6의 분광밝기정도를 이용하여 표면온도분포를 산출하였으며, 이를 통해 도시화로 인한 열분포의 변화를 탐지하고자 하였다. 그 결과, 도심지의 면적이 최대 23.59% 상승한 반면 산림지역은 최대 27.91% 감소하였고, 도시화로 인해 도심의 지표온도가 주변지보다 높게 나타났으며, 이 경우 산림지역에 비해 약 $2.4^{\circ}C{\sim}5.7^{\circ}C$ 높게 형성되어 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
• /
• 제56권11호
• /
• pp.729-735
• /
• 2023

다중분광센서인 Moderate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)는 지표 및 대기 산출물을 통해 다양한 분야에서 활발한 연구가 진행되어 왔다. MODIS는 발사된지 20년이 지났고, 비슷한 특성의 이를 대체할 만한 자료의 필요성이 지속적으로 제기되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 2011년에 발사된 Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP) 위성의 Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) sensor에서 제공하는 지표 산출물 중 지표면 온도(Land Surface Temperature, LST)와 식생 지수인 정규식생지수(Normalized Differences Vegetation Index, NDVI)를 소개하고, 기존의 MODIS에서 제공되는 자료와의 비교 및 검증을 통해 연구 지역인 남한에서의 지역적인 적용성을 파악하고자 한다. 지표면 온도와 식생 활력은 농업적인 가뭄을 발생시키는 주요한 인자로써, 남한의 극심한 가뭄기간인 2014년과 2015년을 대상으로 가뭄의 시공간적인 변동성을 분석하여, VIIRS 산출물의 활용 가능성을 파악하였다.

• 대기
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.155-168
• /
• 2009

Characteristics of seasonal mean diurnal temperature range (DTR) and their causes over South Korea are investigated using the 60 stations data of Korea Meteorological Administration from 1976 to 2005. In general, the seasonal mean DTR is greatest during spring (in inland area) and least during summer (urban and coastal area). The spatial and seasonal variations of DTR are closely linked with the land surface conditions (especially vegetation activity and soil moisture) and atmospheric conditions (cloud amount, precipitation, local circulation). The seasonal mean DTR shows a decreasing trend at the major urban areas and at the north-eastern part of South Korea. Whereas, it shows an increasing trend at the central area of the southern part. Decreasing and increasing trends of DTR are more significant during summer and fall, and during spring and winter. The decrease (increase) of DTR is mainly caused by the stronger increase of daily minimum (maximum) temperature than daily maximum (minimum) temperature. The negative effects of precipitation and cloud amount on the DTR are greater during spring and at the inland area than during winter and at the coastal area. And the effect of daytime precipitation on the DTR is greater than that of nighttime precipitation.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.13-22
• /
• 2015

Unpaved forest roads are common accessways in mountain areas being used for forestry purposes. The presence of forest roads produces large volumes of surface runoff and sediment yield due to changes in soil properties and hillslope profile. Rainfall simulation experiments were conducted to estimate the impacts of above-ground vegetation and antecedent soil water condition on hydrology and sediment processes. A total of 9 small plots($1m{\times}0.5m$) were installed to represent different road surface conditions: no-vegetation(3 plots), vegetated surface(3 plots), and cleared vegetation surface(3 plots). Experiments were carried out on dry, wet, and very wet soil moisture conditions for each plot. Above ground parts of vegetation on road surface influenced significantly on surface runoff. Runoff from no-vegetation roads(39.24L) was greater than that from vegetated(25.05L), while cleared-vegetation condition is similar to no-vegetation roads(39.72L). Runoff rate responded in a similar way to runoff volume. Soil erosion was also controlled by land cover, but the magnitude is little than that of surface runoff. Even though slight differences among antecedent soil moisture conditions were found on both runoff and soil erosion, runoff rate and soil losses were increased in very wet condition, followed by wet condition. The experiments suggest that vegetation cover on forest road surface seems most effective way to reduce surface runoff and soil erosion during storm periods.