• 한국안광학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.83-88
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• 1999

본 연구는 한국 성인 여성에 대한 외안부 형태를 조사하기 위해 시도한 것이다. 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 내안각간의 거리의 최적길이는 35-36mm이다. 그러나 18-19세는 20-25세에 비해서 폭의 범위가 넓다. 2. 검열의 최적길이는 30-31mm이다. 한편 우안과 좌안은 비슷한 결과를 가진다. 3. 검열의 최적 폭은 8mm이다. 그리고 우안과 좌안은 비슷한 결과를 가진다. 4. 근거리에서 대부분의 PD는 28-31mm(76.7%)이다. 그리고 우안과 좌안은 비슷한 결과를 가진다. 5. 원거리에서 대부분의 PD는 30-33(75.8%)mm이다. 그러나 18-21세는 우안이 좌안에 비해서 길다. 6. 우성안은 거의 우안이다.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제55권9호
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• pp.617-624
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• 2017

Objective: To compare the electromyographic activity of masseter and temporal muscles between bruxers and nonbruxers in adult and adolescent patients. Material and Methods: The samples composed of the surface electromyography (EMG) recordings obtained from the orthodontic patients. Sixty-eight patients who had bruxsim habit (43 female and 25 male) were divided into four groups according to their age and gender. Control groups consisted of 79 patients who had not bruxism habit. EMG of the masseter muscle and anterior temporal muscle were recorded before treatment in clenching at maximum intercuspation. The ratio of temporal and masseter muscle activity (T/M ratio) was compared between bruxers and nonbruxers in adult and adolescent patients. Results: EMG of masseter muscle and temporal muscle were significantly higher in adult male bruxism group than control. T/M ratio in adult male bruxism group was significantly lower than in adult male nonbruxism group. However, there was no significant difference in T/M ratio between adolescent bruxism group and adolescent nonbruxism group. Conclusions: The balance in the activity of the masseter and temporal muscles may not differ between bruxers and nonbruxers during adolescent periods. However, in adult period, the masseter muscle activity against temporal muscle is greater in males with bruxism habit compared to non-bruxer.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.197-203
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• 2001

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of crude ginseng saponin (CGS) on clinical pathological parameters in adult female guinea pigs exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). A total of 80 guinea pigs (800$\pm$20 g) were divided into 8 groups: group 1 (normal control group) was given vehicle (com oil containing small amount of acetone and DMSO) and saline; group 2 (single TCDD-treated) received TCDD (1 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg, i.p.) and saline (i.p.); groups 3 and 4 were administered CGS at daily i.p. doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg for 4 weeks, respectively; groups 5 and 6 were administered CGS (10 and 20 mg/kg, respectively) for 5 weeks starting 1 week before TCDD-exposure; groups 7 and 8 were administered CGS (10 and 20 mg/kg, respectively) for 3 weeks from 1 week after TCDD-exposure. CGS was prepared by Diaion HP-20 adsorption chromatography. Body weight of G2 was significantly decreased from the 2nd week after TCDD-exposure (p<0.01). Body weights of the CGS-treated groups were also decreased by TCDD-exposure, but the weight loss was greatly retarded compared with that of G2. Increase in blood glucose, amylase, lipase, total cholesterol. triglyceride, AST and LDL-cholisterol levels by TCDD exposure was significantly attenuated by the CGS-treatment (p<0.05). From these results, we found that saponin the main active ingredient of ginseng, played a protective role against TCDD-induced toxicity in not only male but female guinea pigs.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.85-100
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• 2011

The objective of this study was to analyze body measurements, BMI and body type according to age in the male and female groups based on 3D scan body measurement data of adult men and women in their 20's~30's and to provide basic information usable in the clothing and fashion industry. For this purpose, we analyzed 3D scan body measurement data of 848 adults measured in the 6th Size Korea project and the results were as follows. First, there were differences in 3D scan body measurements according to age in the male and female groups, and in general the measurements of the height items were larger in younger adults and the measurements of the circumference, breadth and depth items were larger in older ones. Second, there were differences in 3D scan body measurements according to BMI in the male and female groups, and in general body measurements were largest in the obesity group and lowest in the underweight group. Third, BMI was different according to gender and in general BMI was higher in men and obesity and overweight were more frequent in men than in women. Moreover, BMI was significantly different according to age and was higher in the 30's than in the 20's. Fourth, the mean difference in the drop and lower drop values according to age in the male and female groups was significant, and the drop and lower drop values were lower in the 30's than in the 20's. These results are considered meaningful as data for the development of clothing size systems, patterns and grading in the areas of clothing and fashion targeting consumers in their 20's~30's.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.66-71
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• 2016

포식성 천적 칠레이리응애에 대하여 8종 살충제들의 감수성을 검정하였다. 칠레이리응애 암컷성충은 실험약제들의 처리 168시간 후에 78-92%의 개체들이 생존하였으며, 무처리 암컷성충에 비해 62.6-93.4%의 산란수를 보였으며, 산란된 난들의 부화에 영향이 없었다. 실험약제들은 칠레이리응애 난의 부화와 약충의 생존율에 큰 영향이 없었다. 칠레이리응애의 발육태들은 실험약제들이 처리된 잎 절편에서 생존율에 큰 영향을 받지 않아, 98-100%의 개체들이 성충태에 도달하였다. 이상의 결과로 보아, 실험약제들은 해충종합관리 체계에서 칠레이리응애와 함께 활용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제6권spc호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2017

Taeniacanthid copepods Anchistrotos kojimensis Do and Ho, 1983 were collected from the branchial cavities of stichaeid fish, Ernogrammus hexagrammus (Schlegel) and yellowfin goby, Acanthogobius flavimanus (Temminck and Schlegel) in Korean waters. Here, we provide the first description of a male of Anchistrotos Do and Ho, 1983. A close comparison of the specimens of A. kojimensis collected from Korea with the original description revealed differences in the adult female: (1) the caudal ramus bears seven setae (seta I minute); (2) the maxillule with small knob-like process anteriorly; (3) leg 5 ornamented with patched spinules distally and having row of spinules at base of each spine and distal seta. The first description of the adult male reveals the following features: (1) the distal abdominal somite had rows of spinules anteriorly and near insertion of each caudal ramus; (2) the postantennal process is more elongate than in the female; (3) the basis of maxilliped is with two prosimomedial setae, two longitudinal rows of stout denticles found on posteromedial surface and row of spinules on anteromedial surface; and (4) the second endopodal segment is a strongly curved claw, with a row of stout denticles along a concave margin, two long and one small setae.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.561-572
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify gender role identity and stereotypes and to explore the relationship between gender role identity and stereotype among college students. Method: The subjects consisted of 245 college students in Daegu. Each participant was administered the KGRII of Lee, Kim, Koh(2002) and Sex Stereotype scales modified by Kim, Dongil(1999). The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, $x^2-test$, Sheffe test with SPSS 11.0 PC Program. Result: 1. For male students, masculinity type(32.4%) was most prevalent but for female students, feminity type (29.3%) was most common. 2. Female students were inclined to oppose traditional sex-role rather than male students. And the over 23 years old group tended to resist traditional sex-roles rather than other aged group. 3. The Androginy typed group had more progressive sex-role compared with undifferentiated typed group. Conclusion: These results suggest that gender role identity and sex stereotype were difference in sex and age. And the androgyny typed group had more progressive sex-role compared with other gender role identity typed group.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.426-435
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the predictors of cardiovascular risk factors among type 2 diabetic patients. Method: Data were collected from November, 2003 to June, 2004 using a physiological index and questionnaires. Patients(N=159) aged 40 and above were conveniently recruited from health care centers in B city. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and stepwise multiple regression using SPSS WIN 10.0 program. Results: The cardiovascular risk factors were negatively related with female gender, household monthly income, educational experience about diabetes, physical activity, self-care, self-efficacy and problem oriented coping, while positively related with the duration of diabetes, diabetic family history and depression. Self-care, diabetic family history, female gender, monthly household income, self-efficacy, affective-oriented coping and physical activity predicted 41.5% of the variance in cardiovascular risk factors of diabetic patients. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, we concluded that cardiovascular risk factors of type 2 diabetic patients are related to the modifiable and non-modifiable variables. Self-care, self-efficacy, affective oriented coping, and physical activity were identified as modifiable variables. Intervention programs to increase those variables are warranted to reduce cardiovascular risk factors among type 2 diabetic patients.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.289-297
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to categorize and to understand the structure of subjectivity in the gender role identity of older female adults. The perception of gender role identity is subjective and varies according to the uniqueness of individual experiences and the value of social culture. Methods: Q-methodology, a technique for extracting subjective opinions was used. In 2010, forty participants completed the Q-sort activity, rating each statement relative to the others. The Q sample has two categories, representing masculinity and femininity, and each category has 20 statements, resulting in 40 adjectives. Results: Using the Q factor analysis, three classifications were identified: 'caring-affectionate type,', 'assertive-confident type,' and 'sensitive-affectionate type.' Despite the differences among the three types in this research, elderly females are likely to have the understanding and patience to comfort others and care for the children. Conclusion: The results of this study revealed new dimensional types of gender role identity and raise the issue of why we need to develop methods for the new dimensional types. Based on the results, further research is needed to compare the findings with those of older males or with women of different age groups.

• 환경생물
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.307-313
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• 2012

The Oriental White Stork (Ciconia boyciana) is a representative wetland species distributed across East Asia. The species has been declined to face the threat of species extinctions with estimation of at about 3000 individuals. In order to re-introduce the endangered storks in the field, we developed a baseline model using the program VORTEX, performed sensitivity test, and finally suggested an ideal model based on results of the sensitivity test. The baseline model predicted 12.5% extinction probability with mean time to first extinction of 82.0 year. Sensitivity test revealed that two demographic variables (first-year mortality and percent of adult female breeding) had the greatest impacts on population persistence. Thus, corrected model improved the population persistence, where the extinction probability decreased to 1.0% in 100 years by changing values of two variables within a range of applicable to the population. Our models for stork re-introduction suggest this population will be stable by improving first-year mortality and adult female fecundity.