• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.759-768
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• 2019

This study was conducted to estimate the mean annual extreme minimum temperature raster and predict the potential distribution of the invasive plant, Ipomoea triloba, on the Korean peninsula. We collected annual extreme minimum temperature and mean coldest month minimum temperature data from 129 weather stations on the Korean peninsula from 1990-2019 and used this data to create a linear regression model. The min temperature of the coldest month raster from Worldclim V2 were used to estimate a 30 second spatial resolution, mean annual extreme minimum temperature raster of the Korean peninsula using a regression model. We created three climatic rasters of the Korean peninsula for use with the Proto3 species distribution model and input the estimated mean annual extreme minimum temperature raster, a Köppen-Geiger climate class raster from Beck et al. (2018), and we also used the mean annual precipitation from Worldclim V2. The potential distribution of I. triloba was estimated using the Proto3 model with 117 occurrence points. As a result, the estimated area for a potential distribution of I. triloba was found to be 50.7% (111,969 ㎢) of the Korean peninsula.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.287-298
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• 2020

It is predicted that future climate warming will occur, and the subtropical climate zone currently confined to the south coast of Korea will gradually rise north. The shift of climate zone implies a change in area for cultivating crops. This study aimed to evaluate the current and future status of climate zones based on the high-resolution climate data of South Korea to prepare adaptation measures for cultivating crops under changing agricultural climate conditions. First, the climatic maps of South and North Korea were produced by using the high-resolution monthly maximum and minimum daily temperature and monthly cumulative precipitation produced during the past 30 years (1981-2010) covering South and North Korea. Then the climate zones of the Korean Peninsula were classified based on the Köppen climate classification. Second, the changes in climate zones were predicted by using the corrected monthly climate data of the Korean Peninsula (grid resolution 30-270m) based on the RCP8.5 scenario of the Korea Meteorological Administration. Köppen climate classification was applied based on the RCP8.5 scenario, the temperature and precipitation of the Korean Peninsula would continue to increase and the climate would become simpler. It was predicted that the temperate climate, appearing in the southern region of Korea, would be gradually expanded and the most of the Korean Peninsula, excluding some areas of Hamgkyeong and Pyeongan provinces in North Korea, would be classified as a temperate climate zone between 2071 and 2100. The subarctic climate would retreat to the north and the Korean Peninsula would become warmer and wetter in general.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.324-347
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• 2022

Geological information on the Korean Peninsula plays a significant role in science education because it provides a basic knowledge foundation for public use and creates an opportunity to learn about the nature of geology as a historical science. In particular, the Mesozoic Era, when the Korean Peninsula experienced a high degree of tectonic activity, is a pivotal period for understanding the geological history of the Korean Peninsula. This study aimed to analyze whether content regarding the geology of the Mesozoic Era are reliably and consistently presented in the 'Geology of the Korean Peninsula' section of Earth Science II textbooks based on the 2015 revised curriculum. Four textbooks for Earth Science II were analyzed, focusing on the sedimentary strata, tectonic movement, and granites of the Mesozoic Era. The analysis items were terms, periods, and rock distribution areas. The consistency within and among textbooks and of textbooks and scientific knowledge was analyzed for each analysis item. Various inconsistencies were found regarding the geological terms, periods, and rock distribution areas of the Mesozoic Era, and suggestions for its improvement were discussed based on these inconsistencies. It is essential to develop educational materials that are consistent with the latest scientific knowledge through collaboration between the scientific and educational communities.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.164-171
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• 2011

This work focuses on the analysis of bioaerosols in the atmosphere at higher altitudes over Noto Peninsula, Japan. We carried out direct sampling via aircraft, separated cultures, and identified present isolates. Atmospheric bioaerosols at higher altitudes were collected using a Cessna 404 aircraft for an hour at an altitude of 3,500 m over the Noto Peninsula. The aircraft-based direct sampling system was devised to improve upon the system of balloon-based sampling. In order to examine pre-existing microorganism contamination on the surface of the aircraft body, bioaerosol sampling was carried out just before takeoff using the same method as atmospheric sampling. Identification was carried out by a homology search for 16S or 18S rDNA isolate sequences in DNA databases (GenBank). Isolate sampling just before takeoff revealed Stretpomyces sp., Micrococcus sp., and Cladosporium sp. One additional strain, Bacillus sp., was isolated from the sample after bioaerosol collection at high altitude. As the microorganism contamination on the aircraft body before takeoff differed from that while in the air, the presence of additional, higher atmosphere-based microorganisms was confirmed. It was found that Bacillus sp. was floating at an altitude of 3,500 m over Noto Peninsula.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.261-279
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• 2016

Trends of food and energy consumptions in South Korea, North Korea, and the Korean Peninsula were shown and consumptions of food and energy for the integrated Korean Peninsula with several Cases were predicted, and the directions for the environmental resources management were suggested in this study. The Food Supply Quantity, the Protein Supply Quantity, and the Food Supply of North Korea were less than those of South Korea, the Eastern Asia, and World after 1990s. However, it is expected that the food consumption in North Korea will increase, if two Koreas are integrated. If the Food Supply Quantity of North Korea is the same as that of South Korea with the maximum projected population of integrated two Koreas by 2055, the food consumption in the Korean Peninsula would increase by 25% compared with the 2011 food consumption of integrated two Koreas. Thus, the choice of diet should be carefully considered and the increase of agricultural productivity is required. Energy consumption in North Korea is very small comparing to that of South Korea and fraction of coal in energy usage of North Korea is very high. If the energy consumption per capita of North Korea after integration be the same as that of South Korea in 2011, the energy consumption in the Korean Peninsula would increase by 45% compared with the 2011 energy consumption of integrated two Koreas. To minimize the environmental effects caused by energy consumption, the energy plan with the reduced fraction of coal in energy supply of North Korea should be adopted and advanced technology with higher efficiency should be applied to establish or expand the energy facility in North Korea.

• Proceedings of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea Conference
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• 2001.09a
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• pp.3-10
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• 2001

In order to establish the intensity-magnitude relation far the Korean earthquakes, those relations for the earthquakes in the Sino-Korean craton were estimated. In this process, earthquake data of northeastern China region whose geological environment is similar to Korea Peninsula were also utilized. These data were analyzed not only with linear fit, but also with non-linear fit. The fellowing relation, M=0.57 $\times$ 1$_{e}$ + 2.86, seems appropriate for the present, but its validity should be tested more in the future.e.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.95-122
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• 2004

This study focuses on analyzing the potentiality of economic integration and the changes in logistics circumstances in Northeast Asia. So far as the changes in logistics circumstances in it, it is emphasized a complex transport system by sea and by land, according to the connection with the Railroad of South-North in Korean Peninsula and the Railroad of the Continent of Siberia. It first considers the propriety of economic integration among Korea, China and Japan in Northeast Asia. The first stage of the economic integration in Northeast Asia means it is started from contracting of FTA(Free Trade Agreement) which just agreed at the Summit Conference among Korea, China and Japan in ASEAN＋3(Korea China. Japan). At that time, the Summit Conference between the three countries have agreed to study on the propriety of FTA charging by own country's research organization. At first China has been hesitated to join with FTA in spite of high growth in his economy, because the time is not yet for it. After all, China also decided himself to participate to FTA together with Korea and Japan by reacted to the stimulus at the conference atmosphere between every country of ASEAN. The discussion on the changes in logistics circumstances also is needed to deal simultaneously with a situation in the economic integration in Northeast Asia. It is worthy to be paid our attention to the restoration of the Railroad of South-North in Korean Peninsula, which was disconnected for a long time from the dispute between South Korea and North Korea. Therefore, it needs to be investigated together with the movement of economic integration in Northeast Asia. The reaction on the restoration of the Railroad of South-North in Korean Peninsula is not only limited to the transport of trade cargo between South Korea and North Korea, but also it is reached to all of Northeast Asia, so far as to all of the area of Russia, Europe, and the other neighbor countries. Because this railroad is connected with the Railroad of the Continent of Siberia. The transport of trade cargo in Northeast Asia have been mostly depended upon the transport by sea until now. However, it would be divided into the transport by sea as well as by land from now. As its economic effect, the restoration of the Railroad of South-North in Korean Peninsula could be not only contributed to reduce the cost of logistics within South Korea and North Korea, but also within or without in Northeast Asia, Russia, and Europe. Consequently, it could be improved the power of international competitiveness of goods in Northeast Asia, according to the formation of a complex transport system together with the transport by sea and by land.

• Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.3-22
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• 1998

Korea boasts of abundant historical earthquake records of almost 1900 events. The epicenters and intensities of these earthquakes are determined on the basis of descriptions and felt areas of the events. It turns out that most of the earthquakes occurred on major faults or tectonic boundaries of the peninsula except for the northeastern part which had been the least disrupted by tectonic disturbances during the Mesozoic. It appears that the crustal layers of the southern and northwestern parts of the peninsula had been severely ruptured during the Mesozoic disturbances and some of the faults thus generated have been active since. The seismicity of the peninsula had been rather low from the first to the fourteenth century, but unusually high from the fifteenth to the eighteenth century, and have been rather low since. This period of unusually high seismicity of the peninsula coincides with that of the northeastern part of China, suggesting the two areas are seismologically closely connected. It appears that most of the seismicity of the peninsula results from the high stress propagating from the Himalayas where the Eurasian and Indian plates collide. The data file of Korean historical earthquakes is not yet complete and supplementary studies are under way. The main purpose of this paper is to provide the data file of Korean historical earthquakes analyzed up to date for geoscientists and engineers in need of this file.

• The Korean Journal of Soil Zoology
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• v.11 no.1_2
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• pp.48-65
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• 2006

Herein, 29 species of the harpaline ground beetles are listed from the Korean Peninsula. Of these, distribution of the two species, Harpalus (Harpalus) tardus (Panzer 1797) and H. (H.) tibeticus hsifanicus Schauberger, 1932, are very doubtful in the Korean Peninsula.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.161-167
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• 2012

Korean species of the genus Euodynerus Dalla Torre were taxonomically reviewed. Four species were confirmed: E. trilobus, E. dantici violaceipennis, E. nipanicus nipanicus, and E. quadrifasciatus atripes. The specimens previously identified as E. dantici brachyotomus and E. notatus pubescence form North Korea were re-examined, and corrected to E. dantici violaceipennis and E. nipanicus nipanicus, respectively. Euodynerus quadrifasciatus atripes was re-described for future researchers. After careful reading previous descriptions, Euodynerus seuli Radoszkowski was tentatively supposed to be conspecific with E. nipanicus.