• 기업가정신과 벤처연구
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.53-68
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• 2016

기술 학습, 기업가정신, 혁신, 창의성에 대한 동기 및 관련 활동은 아시아 국가들의 경제 발전의 원동력이었다. 기술 발전의 초기에는 기술 학습과 기업가정신이 선진국들을 효과적으로 따라잡을 수 있는 방안으로 작용하였다. 왜냐하면 이를 통하여 기업들은 상대적으로 낮은 리스크를 가지고 기술과 지식을 빠르게 축적할 수 있었기 때문이다. 그러나 기술 발전의 후기에는 혁신과 창의성이 보다 중요하게 작용하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 1) 기술 학습 성과에 영향을 미치는 요소들 (학습 역량)과 2) 창의적인 조직 및 경제 환경 구축을 위한 혁신 역량 강화에 필요한 과제들을 규명하는 것이다. 본 연구의 핵심 내용은 탈추격 시대에서의 학습 역량과 연관되어 있다. 문헌 연구 및 한국의 경제발전 사례를 바탕으로 본 연구에서는 기술 학습에 영향을 미치는 다양한 요소들로 구성된 기술 학습 모형을 제시하였다. 이와 관련하여 세 가지 가설을 설정하였고, 한국의 공작기계 제조업체들로부터 데이터를 수집하였다. 또한 해당 업체들의 CEO들과 R&D 책임자들을 대상으로 구조화된 설문을 수행하였다. 이를 바탕으로 상관 분석과 ANOVA를 수행하여 가설을 검증하였다. 추가로 사례 분석과 정책 분석을 수행하여 혁신 활성인자와 방해인자들을 규명하였고, 이를 근거로 혁신 역량 강화를 위한 방안을 제시하였다. 실증 분석 결과를 기반으로 1) 기술 축적정도 2) 기술인력들의 잠재력 3) 확고한 기술적 노력 4) 학습에 대한 의지 5) 최고 경영층의 지원 6) 공식적인 기술 학습 시스템 7) 높은 학습 동기 8) 적절한 기술 선택 9) 명백한 목표 설정과 같은 기업의 학습 잠재력과 활동(학습 역량)을 규명하였다. 이와 같은 학습 역량은 경제 발전 초기 기업의 학습 성과를 결정하였다. 또한 기술발전 단계별로 기술학습을 위해 필요한 핵심 요소들이 상이하였다. 통계 및 정책 분석을 통하여 기술학습은 기술발전 과정의 본질적인 원칙으로 이해될 수 있음을 입증하였다. 선제적이고 창의적인 학습은 후기에, 대응적이고 모방적인 학습은 초기에 활성화 되었다. 추가로 본 연구에서는 탈추격 시대에서의 혁신역량 및 혁신활동 강화의 원동력 또는 촉진 요소를 탐색하였다. 예비 사례분석 결과는 1) CEO의 전략적 의지와 기업 문화 2) 리더십과 변화 주도 챔피언의 존재 3) 디자인 원칙과 방식 4) 에코시스템과 협력체계, 5) 지속적 R&D 투자가 혁신역량 및 혁신활동 강화의 촉진 요소로 작용함을 보여주었다.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.191-210
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• 2014

As mobile devices that can be connected to the Internet have spread and networking has become possible whenever/wherever, the Internet has become central in the dissemination and consumption of news. Accordingly, the ways news is gathered, disseminated, and consumed have changed greatly. In the traditional news media such as magazines and newspapers, expert editors determined what events were worthy of deploying their staffs or freelancers to cover and what stories from newswires or other sources would be printed. Furthermore, they determined how these stories would be displayed in their publications in terms of page placement, space allocation, type sizes, photographs, and other graphic elements. In turn, readers-news consumers-judged the importance of news not only by its subject and content, but also through subsidiary information such as its location and how it was displayed. Their judgments reflected their acceptance of an assumption that these expert editors had the knowledge and ability not only to serve as gatekeepers in determining what news was valuable and important but also how to rank its value and importance. As such, news assembled, dispensed, and consumed in this manner can be said to be expert-based recommended news. However, in the era of Internet news, the role of expert editors as gatekeepers has been greatly diminished. Many Internet news sites offer a huge volume of news on diverse topics from many media companies, thereby eliminating in many cases the gatekeeper role of expert editors. One result has been to turn news users from passive receptacles into activists who search for news that reflects their interests or tastes. To solve the problem of an overload of information and enhance the efficiency of news users' searches, Internet news sites have introduced numerous recommendation techniques. Recommendations based on popularity constitute one of the most frequently used of these techniques. This popularity-based approach shows a list of those news items that have been read and shared by many people, based on users' behavior such as clicks, evaluations, and sharing. "most-viewed list," "most-replied list," and "real-time issue" found on news sites belong to this system. Given that collective intelligence serves as the premise of these popularity-based recommendations, popularity-based news recommendations would be considered highly important because stories that have been read and shared by many people are presumably more likely to be better than those preferred by only a few people. However, these recommendations may reflect a popularity bias because stories judged likely to be more popular have been placed where they will be most noticeable. As a result, such stories are more likely to be continuously exposed and included in popularity-based recommended news lists. Popular news stories cannot be said to be necessarily those that are most important to readers. Given that many people use popularity-based recommended news and that the popularity-based recommendation approach greatly affects patterns of news use, a review of whether popularity-based news recommendations actually reflect important news can be said to be an indispensable procedure. Therefore, in this study, popularity-based news recommendations of an Internet news portal was compared with top placements of news in printed newspapers, and news users' judgments of which stories were personally and socially important were analyzed. The study was conducted in two stages. In the first stage, content analyses were used to compare the content of the popularity-based news recommendations of an Internet news site with those of the expert-based news recommendations of printed newspapers. Five days of news stories were collected. "most-viewed list" of the Naver portal site were used as the popularity-based recommendations; the expert-based recommendations were represented by the top pieces of news from five major daily newspapers-the Chosun Ilbo, the JoongAng Ilbo, the Dong-A Daily News, the Hankyoreh Shinmun, and the Kyunghyang Shinmun. In the second stage, along with the news stories collected in the first stage, some Internet news stories and some news stories from printed newspapers that the Internet and the newspapers did not have in common were randomly extracted and used in online questionnaire surveys that asked the importance of these selected news stories. According to our analysis, only 10.81% of the popularity-based news recommendations were similar in content with the expert-based news judgments. Therefore, the content of popularity-based news recommendations appears to be quite different from the content of expert-based recommendations. The differences in importance between these two groups of news stories were analyzed, and the results indicated that whereas the two groups did not differ significantly in their recommendations of stories of personal importance, the expert-based recommendations ranked higher in social importance. This study has importance for theory in its examination of popularity-based news recommendations from the two theoretical viewpoints of collective intelligence and popularity bias and by its use of both qualitative (content analysis) and quantitative methods (questionnaires). It also sheds light on the differences in the role of media channels that fulfill an agenda-setting function and Internet news sites that treat news from the viewpoint of markets.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.221-241
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• 2018

지식사회에 들어서며 새로운 형태의 자본으로서 정보의 중요성이 강조되고 있다. 그리고 기하급수적으로 생산되는 디지털 정보의 효율적 관리를 위해 정보 분류의 중요성도 증가하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 기업의 기술사업화 의사결정에 도움이 될 수 있는 맞춤형 정보를 자동으로 분류하여 제공하기 위하여, 기업의 사업 성격을 나타내는 한국표준산업분류(이하 'KSIC')를 기준으로 정보를 분류하는 방법을 제안하였다. 정보 혹은 문서의 분류 방법은 대체로 기계학습을 기반으로 연구되어 왔으나 KSIC를 기준으로 분류된 충분한 학습데이터가 없어, 본 연구에서는 문서간 유사도를 계산하는 방식을 적용하였다. 구체적으로 KSIC 각 코드별 설명문을 수집하고 벡터 공간 모델을 이용하여 분류 대상 문서와의 유사도를 계산하여 가장 적합한 KSIC 코드를 제시하는 방법과 모델을 제시하였다. 그리고 IPC 데이터를 수집한 후 KSIC를 기준으로 분류하고, 이를 특허청에서 제공하는 KSIC-IPC 연계표와 비교함으로써 본 방법론을 검증하였다. 검증 결과 TF-IDF 계산식의 일종인 LT 방식을 적용하였을 때 가장 높은 일치도를 보였는데, IPC 설명문에 대해 1순위 매칭 KSIC의 일치도는 53%, 5순위까지의 누적 일치도는 76%를 보였다. 이를 통해 보다 정량적이고 객관적으로 중소기업이 필요로 할 기술, 산업, 시장정보에 대한 KSIC 분류 작업이 가능하다는 점을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 이종 분류체계 간 연계표를 작성함에 있어서도 본 연구에서 제공하는 방법과 결과물이 전문가의 정성적 판단에 도움이 될 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.99-124
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• 2009

Many firms in Korea have adopted and used advanced information technology in an effort to boost efficiency. The process of adapting to the new technology, at the same time, can vary from one firm to another. As such, this research focuses on several relevant factors, especially the roles of social interaction as a key variable that influences the technology adaptation process and the outcomes. Thus far, how a firm goes through the adaptation process to the new technology has not been yet fully explored. Previous studies on changes undergone by a firm or an organization due to information technology have been pursued from various theoretical points of views, evolved from technological and institutional views to an integrated social technology views. The technology adaptation process has been understood to be something that evolves over time and has been regarded as cycles between misalignments and alignments, gradually approaching the stable aligned state. The adaptation process of the new technology was defined as "appropriation" process according to Poole and DeSanctis (1994). They suggested that this process is not automatically determined by the technology design itself. Rather, people actively select how technology structures should be used; accordingly, adoption practices vary. But concepts of the appropriation process in these studies are not accurate while suggested propositions are not clear enough to apply in practice. Furthermore, these studies do not substantially suggest which factors are changed during the appropriation process and what should be done to bring about effective outcomes. Therefore, research objectives of this study lie in finding causes for the difference in ways in which advanced information technology has been used and adopted among organizations. The study also aims to explore how a firm's interaction with social as well as technological factors affects differently in resulting organizational changes. Detail objectives of this study are as follows. First, this paper primarily focuses on the appropriation process of advanced information technology in the long run, and we look into reasons for the diverse types of the usage. Second, this study is to categorize each phases in the appropriation process and make clear what changes occur and how they are evolved during each phase. Third, this study is to suggest the guidelines to determine which strategies are needed in an individual, group and organizational level. For this, a substantially grounded theory that can be applied to organizational practice has been developed from a longitudinal comparative case study. For these objectives, the technology appropriation process was explored based on Structuration Theory by Giddens (1984), Orlikoski and Robey (1991) and Adaptive Structuration Theory by Poole and DeSanctis (1994), which are examples of social technology views on organizational change by technology. Data have been obtained from interviews, observations of medical treatment task, and questionnaires administered to group members who use the technology. Data coding was executed in three steps following the grounded theory approach. First of all, concepts and categories were developed from interviews and observation data in open coding. Next, in axial coding, we related categories to subcategorize along the lines of their properties and dimensions through the paradigm model. Finally, the grounded theory about the appropriation process was developed through the conditional/consequential matrix in selective coding. In this study eight hypotheses about the adaptation process have been clearly articulated. Also, we found that the appropriation process involves through three phases, namely, "direct appropriation," "cooperate with related structures," and "interpret and make judgments." The higher phases of appropriation move, the more users represent various types of instrumental use and attitude. Moreover, the previous structures like "knowledge and experience," "belief that other members know and accept the use of technology," "horizontal communication," and "embodiment of opinion collection process" are evolved to higher degrees in their dimensions of property. Furthermore, users continuously create new spirits and structures, while removing some of the previous ones at the same time. Thus, from longitudinal view, faithful and unfaithful appropriation methods appear recursively, but gradually faithful appropriation takes over the other. In other words, the concept of spirits and structures has been changed in the adaptation process over time for the purpose of alignment between the task and other structures. These findings call for a revised or extended model of structural adaptation in IS (Information Systems) literature now that the vague adaptation process in previous studies has been clarified through the in-depth qualitative study, identifying each phrase with accuracy. In addition, based on these results some guidelines can be set up to help determine which strategies are needed in an individual, group, and organizational level for the purpose of effective technology appropriation. In practice, managers can focus on the changes of spirits and elevation of the structural dimension to achieve effective technology use.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.57-74
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• 1990

As the whole world took on the tendency to be highly industrialized, it became necessary for each field of occupation to require professional man power. Especially, since the World War n, the participation of woman power in economic activities has been continually increasing. In our country also, because of the rapid economic growth, change in the way of thinking of women as well as their participation in economic activities are increasing. Thus, woman power is being utilized in various occupational fields from simple physical labor to those that require high-professional skill. Also, continued economic development policies, by setting the establishment of welfare society as the ideology to be fulfilled, brought expansion of medical facilities in the field of public health and increase in man power in that field. As for the nursing specialists, more than 6000 have been being produced per year and as of the end of 1988, the total number of nursing specialists, reached 123, 115. Therefore, this study is done to recognize the professional knowledge and ability of nursing specialists, who take up $40\%$ of the total public-health related man power in our country, through evaluating their working environment and their disposition of character. This study, which was done from September 18th to September 30th 1989, took on the method of using formed questionnaires that had been amended and supplemented during two preparatory investigations, 322 of such questionnaires were used as an analytical material. In the formation of questionnaires, 12 questions were related to the working environment, and 26 in fortotal were related to the disposition of character, 5 for wise-disposition, 11 for activedisposition and 10 for open-disposition. The measuring method, which used 5-point-standard, allowed 5 points for affirmative recognition of the working environment, also 5 points for showing wise, active and open disposition of character and only point in opposite cases. Collected materials were analyzed, through an electronic calculation, into the average value, the standard deflection percentage, pearson corelative number and stepwise multiple regression. Summarizing the results from this study is as follows: 1. It was shown that the nursing specialists with the average of 3.07 have affirmative recognition of their working environment. The questions which drew most affirmative reaction were those concerning finance-management system such as hand, the questions that received negative reaction were those concerning communication method with the average of 2.49. Such reaction seems to have resulted from the cramming regulation by the superior authorities. Concerning the recognition of working environment in relation to employment conditions, more affirmative recognition is shown with the average of 3.14. at hospitals where injection job is not performed. The nursing specialists working at regular hospitals show more affirmative recognition than those at general hospitals, the averages being respectiely 3.16 and 3.03. 2. As for the disposition of character of the nursing specialists, active-disposition was highest with the average of 3.38, next was wise-disposition with 3.20 and the lowest was open-diposition with 2.98. Variable-wise disposition of character shows that wise-disposition and academic background are beneficially correlated by 0.12. Ative-disposition and open-disposition show correlation to the office term by respectively 0.16 and 0.21. In other words. better academic background leads to higher wise-disposition and more - experience results in higher active and open disposition. Also, the class that performs the injection job, in relation to the working environment, might cause change in the self-conceit that identify those in that class with the nurses; however, as far as professional judgment and action, in dealing with nursing job, being wise, active and open is concerned, not much effect is made. 3. The relation between the recognition of the working environment and the disposition of character is that more afirmative recognition- a nursing specialist has about her working environment, the higher the active-disposition becomes by 0.13. The degrees of the relation between recongnition of environment and wise and open dispositions show respectively 0.06 and -0.06 and -0.06. That is to say that when having more affirmative recognition of the working environment, a nursing specialist shows wise but closed disposition of character. This, howerver, didn't mean much statistically. When observing the results mentioned above, it is conspicuous that the nursing specialists, working as substitutes for the nurse at medical institutions of various sizes, get the feeling of being somewhat equal to the nurses and to some extent, fulfill their desire to accomplish their ego; however, as far as professional ability expansion if concerned. they lack wise and open dispositions. Therefore, considiering upon the results of this study, in medical institutions where the work of nursing specialists is regaded equal to that of the nurses, as a medical member who deals with human lives, it is desirable to make the nursing specialists work under the supervision of the nurses and to offer them continuous education to strengthen and improve their natural dispositions.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.60-78
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• 2012

본 연구는 성호의 대표 저작인 [성호사설]의 만물문(萬物門)에서 지리관련 내용을 뽑고, 오늘날 지리학 분류체계와 개념을 기준으로 해석하면서 성호의 '지리적 관심과 사고(思考)'를 알아보려 한 것이다. 결과는 첫째, 지반의 융기, 회오리 바람, 토양성질, 윷 말판의 천문지리 등 자연지리 내용과 산삼, 담배, 고추, 전통과실(밤 대추 감), 고려지(高麗紙; 한지), 뽕나무와 목면, 천연 염색, 마정(馬政), 지남침, 모내기 농구 앙마(秧馬) 등 인문지리 내용이 나타난다. 둘째, 회오리 바람, 지남침, 말[馬], 고추, 산삼, 전통과실(대추 밤), 사도(柶圖; 윷판) 등의 내용은 자세하고 깊다. 셋째, 철저한 고증과 인용을 바탕으로 기술하여 내용의 진위(眞僞)는 대체로 '진(眞)'이다. 넷째, 많은 주제와 내용들이 '서민들의 민생경제 및 그 개선'에 주안을 둔다. 농작물 관련내용과 말을 이용한 물자 수송 등에 주된 관심을 기울여 당시의 시대적 상황을 반영한다. 다섯째, 모든 설명에 대한 고증과 인용은 중국(청) 문헌을 토대로 하는 것을 볼 때, 조선에 대해 당시 청(淸)은 선진세계이며 본받을 만한 문명 문물이었다. 여섯째, 말의 정책적 관리, 모내기 농구 앙마, 뽕나무, 옷의 천연염색 등의 내용을 제외 하면 오늘날에도 효용성이 있는 유용한 내용들이다. 요약컨대 성호의 지리적 관심과 사고(思考)는 민생 농업경제에 초점이 모아짐을 알수 있다.

• 가정∙방문간호학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.5-13
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• 2004

The home health care industry has grown rapidly and can be expected to continue to grow in the foreseeable future. Home health care refers to the practice of nursing applied to clients with a health condition in the clients place of residence. clients and their designated care givers are the focus at home health nursing practice. The goal of care is to initiate. manage and evaluate the resources needed to promote the clients optimal level of well-being and function. Nursing activities necessary to achieve this goal may warrant preventive maintenance and restorative emphases to prevent potential problems from developing. Many project program were suggested home health care model for Korea's health care system and policy direction for expansion and establishment of home health care .But the aim of this paper is to provide on overview for theoretical frame work in home health care. Theories and conceptual frameworks or models are important nursing because they define and guide the boundaries of professional practice and identify key nurse-patient-caregiver relationships that emerge with caring. Following is the research with an investigation of the literature review in the University of Arizona international medline database, In conclusion, are as followers: First, many nursing theorists have had a tremendous impact on nursing practice. the following highlights those nursing theorists that are particularly helpful in understanding home health care. 1. Florence Nightingale : Our earliest theoretical legacy. Nightingale's believes are reflected in basic infection control practice such as hand washing and infectious waste disposal and are key nursing interventions in home care. 2. Martha Roger's :Science of unitary human beings theory. Rorger's believed that the focus of shared. non invasive healing modelities is the human environmental field rather than direct physical care. These modelities continue to evolve as our awareness (reflecting greater diversity, faster rhythms, motions, and ways of knowing) transcends time and space, allowing individuals to get in touch with their integral nature of unbroken wholeness. On people as ever changing energy fields have special relevance in home care especially with hospice and palliative care applications. 3. Madeline Leininger's; Transcultural nursing theory. Home care nurses move through a variety of communities and often care for patients from different cultural back grounds. Therefore Leininger's work has a good that with home care because home care nursing practice is very culturally focused. 4. Dorothea Orem's : Self care deficit theory. Orem's theory views care as something to be performed by both nurses and patients. The role of the nurse is to provide education and support that help patients acquire the necessary activities to perform self-care. Orem's theory is foundational to have care because it begins to truly acknowledge the role of the patient in managing his or her own health. which is referred to as self-care. 5. Margaret Neuman's; Health as expending consciousness theory. Neuman believes that health compasses disease and reflects an underlying pattern of person-environment interaction. A key application of 'Neuman's work to home care is for nurses to understand that health and illness do not necessarily exist at opposite ends of a continuum. 6. Jean Watson's: Theory of human caring. Watson's theory of human caring in nursing proposes human caring as the moral ideal of nursing. Nurses participate human caring to protect, enhance and preserve humanity by assisting individuals to fing meaning in illness. pain and existence and to help others gain self knowledge. self control. and self healing such thinking lends richness to theory development. as well as clinical practice in home care. Second, Robin Rice : Dynamic self determination for self care. (A theoretical framework for home care) Dynamical self determination for self care can be useful to home care nurses in a variety of ways. As research tool it can be reflected in the interview process when the home visit. The home care nurse's role is that of facilitator of patient self-determination for self care through numerous strategies. including patient education and case management.

• 가정∙방문간호학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.5-24
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to develop a parenting intervention program and determine the efficacy of the program with low-birth weight infants and their mothers. Nine dyads for the experimental group and twelve dyads for the control group discharged from the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a University Hospital in Seoul were recruited for the study. For the intervention group, programmed education and support which focused on the maternal sensitivity of the infant's behavior. rearing environment. motherinfant interaction and infant care were given to each subject. Individual counseling and home visits were provided at discharge, one week after discharge. and one and three months of corrected age in every infant. Structured questionaires were administered and feeding interactions were videotaped and coded by a blinded certified observer. A Quasi-experimental design was conducted for this study. Postpartum depression, maternal self esteem. infant care burden, HOME. mother-infant interaction, and infant development were measured. Results were in favor of the intervention versus the control group. On the Beck depression inventory, intervention mothers showed decreasing trends in depressive symptom vs control mothers although, there were statistically no significant differences between the two groups at each time. The mean score of experimental group was 11.55(mild depression state) at discharge and became 8,6(normal state) at 1 month of corrected age. On the other hand, the mean score of the control group was 13.92(mild depression state) at discharge and became 14.0. Maternal self esteem in both groups improved over time. Infant care burden in both groups was also shown to increase over time. There was a significant difference between the two groups in HOME(p=.0340) at 3 months of corrected age. HOME scores of the experimental group and the control's were 31.10 and 25.58, respectively. Mothers' emotional and language responses were significantly high in the intervention group compared with the control group(p=.0155). Intervention group (53.33) showed a significantly high quality of motherinfant interaction compared with the in control group (42.80)(p =.0340). Intervention group mothers appeared have a better quality of mother-infant interaction behaviors. On the other hand, there was no statistical difference in the infant part between groups. Intervention group infants had higher trends in a general developmental quotient: although, there was no statistical difference between groups. The general developmental quotient of intervention infants was 102.56 and control's was 91.28. However, the developmental quotient of the domain of 'individuality-sociality' was higher in the intervention group infants compared with the control's(p=.0155). The concerns identified by parents revealed two domains of an infants' health management -knowledge and skills in caregiving of lowbirthweight-infants, characteristics of lowbirthweight infants, identifying a developmental milestone, coping with emergency situations and relaxation strategies of mothers from the infant care burden. Interview data with the mothers of low-birth weight infants can be used to develop intervention program contents. Limited intervention time and frequency due to time and cost limitations of this study should be modified. The intervention should be continuously implemented when low-birth weight infants become three years old. An NNNS demonstration appeared to be a very effective intervention for the mothers to improve the quality of mother-infant interactions. Therefore intervening in the mothers of low-birth weight infants as early after delivery as possible is desirable. This study has shown that home visit interventions are worthwhile for mothers only beyond the approach as an essential factor in ability of facilitating a growth fostering environment. In conclusion. the intervention program of this study was very effective in enhancing the parenting for the mothers of low-birth weight infants, resulting in health promotion of low-birth weight infants. The home-visit outreach intervention program of this study will contribute to the health delivery system in this country where there is a lack of continuous follow-up programs for low-birth weight infants after discharge from NICU, if it is activated as part of the home visit programs in community health systems.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.79-99
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• 2015

부도 예측은 회계와 재무 분야에서 꾸준히 연구되고 있는 분야이다. 초기에는 주로 다중판별분석(multiple discriminant analysis)와 로짓 분석(logit analysis)과 같은 통계적 방법을 이용하였으나, 1990년대 이후에는 경영 분야의 분류 문제를 위해 많은 연구자들이 인공신경망(back-propagation neural network), 사계기반추론(case-based reasoning), 서포트 벡터 머신(support vector machine) 등과 같은 인공지능을 통한 접근법을 이용하여 통계적 방법보다 분류 성과 측면에서 우수함을 입증해왔다. 기존의 기업의 부도에 관한 연구에서 많은 연구자들이 재무비율을 이용하여 부도 예측 모형을 구축하는 것에 초점을 맞추어왔다. 부도예측에 관한 연구가 꾸준히 진행되고 있는 반면, 부도의 세부적인 유형을 예측하여 제시하는 것에 대한 연구는 미흡한 실정이었다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 수익성, 안정성, 활동성 지표를 중심으로 국내 비외감 건설업 기업들의 부도 여부뿐만 아니라 부도의 세부적인 유형까지 예측 가능한 모형을 개발하고자 한다. 본 연구에서는 부도 유형을 예측하기 위해 두 개의 인공신경망 모형을 결합한 하이브리드 접근법을 제안하였다. 첫 번째 인공신경망 모형은 부도예측을 위한 역전파 인공신경망을 이용한 모형이며, 두 번째 인공신경망 모형은 부도 데이터를 몇 개의 유형으로 분류하는 자기조직화지도(self-organizing map)을 이용한 모형이다. 실험 결과를 통해 정의된 5개의 부도 유형인 심각한 부도(severe bankruptcy), 안정성 부족(lack of stability), 활동성 부족(lack of activity), 수익성 부족(lack of profitability), 회생 가능한 부도(recoverable bankruptcy)는 재무 비율에 따라 유형별로 상이한 특성을 갖는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 신용 평가 분야의 연구자와 실무자들이 기업의 부도의 유형에 대한 유용한 정보를 얻을 것으로 기대한다.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.46-69
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• 2013

권이진(1668~1734)의 문집(유회당집)에 수록된 기문에 근거하여 별업형 별서 유회당 원림(하거원)의 의미경관과 환경설계기법을 추적하였는바, 첫째, 유회당 권이진은 대전 보문산 남쪽 무수동 마을 뒷동산 일대에 20여 년 동안 3단계에 걸쳐 선묘, 별업, 원림, 강학처 등 별업형 별서원림을 조성했다. 즉, 초창기 마을 뒷동산에 부친의 묘를 자리 잡아 별업(유회당)을 조성했고, 중반기에 연못(납오지), 원림(반환원), 선묘를 보호하고 후손의 강학을 위한 여경암과 거업재 등을 조성했으며, 후반기에 유회당을 증축하고, 동쪽 영역을 확충하여 하거원 원림을 완성했다. 둘째, 풍수적 입지 체계하의 무수동 마을에 자리 잡은 유회당 별업은 본제 살림집(안동 권씨 종가), 별업(유회당), 선묘소, 하거원(원림), 여경암(강학처) 등 별업형 별서가 갖추어야 할 공간요소를 모두 포함하고 있는 대표적 사례라 하겠다. 셋째, 유불선(儒佛仙)에 기반한 의미경관 요소가 작용되었는데, (1) 부모님 추모, (2) 가문 화합, (3) 절개, (4) 덕, (5) 고매한 인간 염원, (6) 상서로움, (7) 은일자의 삶, (8) 가문 번영과 학문 발전, (9) 선조의 은혜, (10) 선경세계, (11) 묘역보존, (12) 불로장생의 염원 등을 들 수 있다. 넷째, 선영 묘역을 조성한 후 13년에 걸쳐 조성한 하거원은 계류를 따라 3개의 연못이 어우러진 수경원을 조성했으며, 5개의 대(臺)와 3곳의 대숲, 그리고 석가산 등을 갖추어 선경의 이상세계를 구축하였다. 다섯째, 소나무, 단풍, 철쭉, 진달래, 감나무, 대나무, 버드나무, 석류, 사계화, 산당화, 왜철쭉, 복숭아, 연꽃, 국화, 작약, 모란, 장미, 벽오동, 무궁화, 배롱나무, 자두와 살구, 매화, 반송, 잣나무, 회양목, 단내 등 수 많은 조경식물종을 도입하여 시정(詩情)을 통한 낭만성, 의인화를 통한 상징성과 이상향 표출, 사계절 경색을 고려한 다양성 등을 꾀하였다. 여섯째, 경관석의 활용은 자연암석을 그대로 이용하는 진경(眞景)기법, 수경요소와 연계, 석연지와 화계 등을 이용한 점경물 기법, 의미경관의 진수를 보여주는 축경형 석가산기법 등을 들 수 있다. 그리고 수경관의 특징은 자연계류와 지형조건(동쪽계곡)을 고려한 물의 적극적 활용, 계류를 따라 원림의 각 공간을 리듬감 있게 물길로 연계하는 생태적 코리도 역할, 활수담, 몽정, 호수와 복수 등 철학적 가치를 연계시킨 의미경관의 대입, 물성을 이용한 청각과 시각 등 이목구비(耳目口鼻)의 오감만족 체험 공간화 등을 들 수 있다.