• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.451-462
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine the level of concern and the level of knowledge of endocrine disruptors, and the level of dietary behaviors to decrease exposure to endocrine disruptors, to determine the factors affecting the level of knowledge and behaviors, and to assess the causal relationship between them. The data were collected from 579 adults in Seoul, Incheon, Daejeon, Daegu, Busan and Gwangju provinces. Frequencies, t tests, analysis of variance, Cronbach's alpha, Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis, multiple regression analyses, and path analysis were carried out by SPSS for Win V.18.0. The results of this study were as follows: The level of concern about endocrine disruptors was higher than the medium level. The respondents were most concerned about a container of cup ramen among products related to foods. The levels of both knowledge and behaviors in order to decrease exposure to endocrine disruptors in dietary life were not high. The factors affecting the level of knowledge of endocrine disruptors were educational level, attendance in education for endocrine disruptors, and concern about endocrine disruptors. On the other hand, sex, age, concern about endocrine disruptors, and the level of knowledge of endocrine disruptors affected the level of behaviors to decrease exposure toward endocrine disruptors. The results of the path analysis showed that educational level and education of endocrine disruptors had an indirect influence on the level of behaviors in order to decrease exposure to endocrine disruptors in dietary life. The concern about endocrine disruptors had both a direct and an indirect effect on the level of behaviors to decrease exposure to endocrine disruptors in dietary life. In addition, sex, age and the level of knowledge of endocrine disruptors directly affected the level of behaviors to decrease exposure to endocrine disruptors in dietary life.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.74-84
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was designed to identify knowledge and performance level of infection control among oriental medical doctors and nurses and further to identify factors that may influence practice. Methods: Data were collected using the survey method. Two hundred and forty two healthcare workers (HCW) from five oriental medicine university hospitals in Korea (140 physicians and 102 nurses) completed a survey about infection control. The study was conducted from February 1 to 28, 2011. Results: The average knowledge level of infection control among HCW was $0.75{\pm}0.13$ (score range 0~1) and the average performance level of infection control was $3.16{\pm}1.05$ (score range 0~5). 'Disinfection and sterilization' were ranked the highest in both the knowledge and performance level. In the knowledge level, 'hand washing/hand hygiene' were ranked the lowest. 'Bloodstream infection prevention' was the lowest among the infection control categories in performance. Total average knowledge and performance level of nurses was significantly higher than that of the physicians. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the oriental medical doctors and nurses' knowledge and performance level of infection control differed. The education on infection control is required to oriental medical doctors and nurses and it would contribute to preventing healthcare associated infections in oriental medicine hospitals.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.307-322
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• 2008

This study was carried out to examine dietary habits, food frequency and dietary attitudes by gender and nutrition knowledge level in upper-grade school children. Subjects were 223 boys and 208 girls attending 13 elementary schools (5 th and 6 th graders). A self-administered questionnaire was developed to assess nutrition knowledge, dietary habits, food frequency, and dietary attitudes. Nutrition knowledge score assessed by 19 questions was significantly higher in girls than in boys. There were significant differences between boys and girls in several items in dietary habits such as enough breakfast time, dinner regularity, number of side dishes, eating speed, type of snack after dinner, and degree of saltiness of dishes. Girls consumed staple foods such as rice, noodles or bread more frequently, and consumed less frequently ramyun, fried foods, fast foods, and Chinese foods than boys. In addition, girls had more positive dietary attitudes in trying to reduce fast foods, Chinese foods, ramyun and fried foods. Also children in the high or moderate nutrition knowledge level groups had better dietary habits in frequency of meals, frequency of breakfast, enough breakfast time, dinner regularity, activity during the meal, number of side dishes, eating speed, type of snack after dinner, and better food choices by eating staple foods and vegetable side dishes, meats and beans more frequently, and fried foods, doughnuts/cakes, Chinese foods less frequently, and had better dietary attitudes in breakfast, vegetables and fruit intake than children in the low nutrition knowledge level group. Our results showed that dietary habits, food frequency and dietary attitudes were different by gender and nutrition knowledge level. These results suggest that in developing nutrition education program for elementary school children, the differences between gender and nutrition knowledge level should be considered. Nutrition education in elementary schools may change dietary habits and dietary attitudes through increasing nutrition knowledge.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.17
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• pp.7769-7779
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• 2015

Background: This study was conducted with the purpose of evaluating the effect of skin cancer training provided to maritime high school students on their knowledge and behaviour. Materials and Methods: The study had a quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test intervention and control groups. Two maritime high schools located in the city of Antalya were included within the scope of the study between March and June 2013, covering a total of 567 students. Results: While the knowledge mean scores of students regarding skin cancer and sun protection did not vary in the pre-test ($6.2{\pm}1.9$) and post-test ($6.8{\pm}1.9$) control group, the knowledge mean scores of students in the experimental group increased from $6.0{\pm}2.3$ to $10.6{\pm}1.2$ after the provided training. Some 25.4% of students in the experimental group had low knowledge level and 62.2% had medium knowledge level in the pre-test; whereas no students had low knowledge level and 94.3% had high knowledge level in the post-test. It was determined that tenth grade students, those who had previous knowledge on the subject, who considered themselves to be protecting from the sun better, had higher knowledge levels and their knowledge levels increased as the risk level increased. It was found that the provided training was effective and increased positively the knowledge, attitude and behaviour levels of students in the experimental group in terms of skin cancer and sun protection. Conclusions: Along with the provided training which started to form a lifestyle, appropriate attitudes and behaviours concerning skin cancer and sun protection could be brought to students who will work in outdoor spaces and are members of the maritime profession within the risk group.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.115-131
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• 2009

This paper attempts to show that consumers' own information processing mode can play an important role in inducing favorable product evaluations, which is the most key goal of marketing. Th elaboration likelihood model contends that consumers' motivation and knowledge, in addition to the outside marketing information, affects the evaluation process. On the other hand, The resource matching hypothesis suggests that an excessively high level of information processing may lead to negative evaluations. In this study, Need for closure exacerbated overall evaluations of consumers. Such relationship was more salient in the condition of low severity that in the condition of high severity. Also under the situation of low severity, consumers with high level of relevant knowledge made evaluations more favorable, compared to the consumers of low knowledge. On contrast under the situation of high severity, relevant knowledge leaded to less favorable evaluations. This experiment identifies the appropriateness of the elaboration likelihood model and the resource matching hypothesis. Especially This study suggests an rare example that consumers' knowledge may not paly an desirable role in making their judgments.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.91-107
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• 2000

This paper proposes the Organizational Knowledge Discovery Process Model (OK-DPM) as an initiative for developing a knowledge management methodology. OK-DPM is a model designed to effectively discover knowledge useful to the organization. It explains the knowledge discovery process from the conceptual level to the application level. It decomposes the organizational knowledge discovery process into 3 sub-processes; Creation, Suggestion and Validation. For each sub-process, design components are identified and possible methods for supporting each one are suggested. Also, the relationship patterns between the knowledge discovery process and knowledge type are explored. By applying OK-DPM to two real cases where the knowledge management projects are ongoing, the model was validated and revised. Even though we need to investigate with more cases to refine the OK-DPM, we found that it could provide some insights in developing the effective knowledge discovery process.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.73-85
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• 2002

This study was conducted to examine community residents' knowledge level and related factor on electronic wave in order to provide basic data for development of education and publicity program. 2,000 people, who lived in five big cities and five small and medium cities, were selected ad subjects of this study. The data were collected from May 1, 200 I to August 31, 2001. The results of this study are as follows. According to the average knowledge level of harmful affect of electronic wave on health in general characteristics, female was higher(37.40 ± 5.24 points) than male; ‘forties’ was highest(37.77 ± 5.69 points); ‘married spouse’ was high(36.84 ± 5.59 points); ‘living in small-ta-medium city’ was high(36.84 ± 5.32 points). ‘university graduate’ was highest(37.41 ± 5.32 points) in education level, ‘middle class’ was high(36.61 ± 4.96 points) in economic status, ‘professional technician’ was higher(36.68 ± 6.55 points) than other occupations in occupational type. According to the knowledge level of harmful affect of electronic wave on health in health condition by self-judgment, ‘good health condition’ was highest(36.77 ± 4.99 points). In the case of the knowledge level of those who visited medical institutions for last one year, ‘never visited’ was highest(37.19 ± 5.02 points). In the kind of medical institutions, ‘those who visited general hospital’ was highest(36.58 ± 5.63 points). In the way of knowledge obtainments of electronic wave through education and publicity media, ‘school education’ was highest(37.55 ± 5.19 points). According to the score of awareness level of disease incidence related to electronic wave, allergy and erethism was highest(57.8 points on the basis of 100 points). It appeared in order of leukemia, skin disease or skin cancer, dementia, various cancers, cataract, and brain tumor. The variables which significantly influenced knowledge level of harm of electronic wave were knowledge obtainments of electronic wave, age, economic status, daily TV watching period, sex, period of daily cellular phone use, period of working with computer, and daily VTR watching period. The knowledge of community residents concerning harmful affect of electronic wave on health is needed because people's opportunity of exposing to electronic wave is increasing. Especially, it is the demands of the times to provide information on knowledge of each equipment which generate electronic wave. The government, the product manufacturing companies, related social organizations, and education institutions must make efforts to develop the education program which is needed to make people have right knowledge and attitude.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.130-139
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was performed to identify the relationship between belief, knowledge, and practice about oral health care of middle-aged women, and to prepare baseline data for developing a dental health education and promotion program, Method: For the survey, 120 individuals(middle-aged women) were chosen by convenience sampling and agreed to participate in the study. Their belief, knowledge, and practice about oral health care were measured, For descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Tukey and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used with SPSS Win 14,0. Result: The level of belief and practice about oral health care was middle for the subjects, However, the level of knowledge about oral health care was relatively high. The level of practice about oral health care related to characteristics of subjects showed significant differences according to level of education and oral health status. There was no significant correlation between the level of practice and the belief about oral health care, The practice about oral health care showed a significant positive correlation with knowledge. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate a need for the development of oral health care programs that is effective in improving belief, knowledge, and practice about oral health care reported by middle-aged women.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.50-61
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of cardiac rehabilitation teaching program on knowledge level and compliance of health behavior for the patients with myocardial infarction. Method: The subjects were 47 patients 23 were assigned to the experimental group and 24 were for the control. The cardiac rehabilitation teaching program is a individualized teaching program which was delivered to the experimental group during hospitalization period by present researcher. Data were collected through questionnaire surveys for knowledge level and compliance of health behavior from September 15, 1999 to December 31, 2000. The collected data was analyzed by using the SAS program. Results: 1. With regard to the knowledge scores 1) The total knowledge level in the experimental group was significantly higher than in the control group. 2) As to the knowledge domains, nature of disease, risk factors, diet, medication, exercise, and daily activities were significantly higher in score in the experimental group than in the control group. 2. With regard to the compliance of health behavior 1) The average compliance with good health behavior was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group. 2) As to the health behavior domains smoking cessation, diet, stress management, regular exercise, and other measures for lifestyle modification were significantly higher in score in the experimental group than in the control group. 3. The pre-treatment knowledge score was positively correlated to the post-treatment knowledge score and post- treatment knowledge score was positively correlated to the post-treatment compliance of health behaviors. Conclusion: The above findings indicate that the cardiac rehabilitation teaching program for the experimental group was effective in increasing level of knowledge and improvement of compliance with good health behavior of patients with myocardial infarction.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.21-34
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• 2013

The purposes of this study were (1) to investigate the differences in the level of children's knowledge and reasoning skills due to the sloping phenomenon according to their ages and the types of tasks they were asked to perform, and (2) to investigate whether children's prior knowledge is changed to post knowledge through their reasoning. A total of 120 subjects, forty from each of the age groups 4, 6 and 8 were selected for the study. The major findings are presented below : 8-year old children showed higher levels of prior knowledge than 6-year old children. The prior knowledge level of the "size" task was higher than that of the "weight" task. 6-and 8-year old children showed higher levels of reasoning than 4-year old children. The reasoning level of the "size" task was higher than that of the "weight" task. 6-and 8-year old children showed higher levels of post knowledge than 4-year old children. However, there was no difference in children's post knowledge according to task difference. Through the different types of reasoning involved in the children's performances of the two tasks, changes in the prior knowledge of the sloping phenomenon were observed among all age groups.