• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.93-96
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• 2010

This study evaluates usefulness of the developed assistant device by taking projection of patellofemoral joint in emergency patients who were doubt posterior cruciate ligament injury in knee joint. The subjects of experiment were patients who visited Eul-Ji University Hospital due to knee injury from January 2006 to December 2006. Seventeen patients, who took the Knee post stress view, Knee merchant view, Knee Seo's view to use assistant device and Knee MRI. To make assistant device of $170{\times}50{\times}70\;cm$, we evaluated its usefulness by measuring posterior dislocation of tibia. Seo's view is more accurate to make judgment of posterior cruciate ligament injury than original knee post stress view. Interval difference of posterior dislocation of original knee post stress view is $6.17{\pm}3.04$ and Seo's view is $8.74{\pm}4.47$. The results show injury of patellofemoral joint, vertical fracture of patella and posterior cruciate ligament injury by taking a projection using Seo's view. Therefore, it is useful to take projection earlier than talometer and MRI in emergency patients who were doubt posterior cruciate ligament injury in knee joint.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.175-187
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to find the relationship between Achilles tendon angle, angular velocity from 2D cinematography utilized to easily analyze the functions of shoes, ankle joint moment, knee joint moment, and hip joint moment from 3D cinematography utilized to predict the injury. Also, this study was to provide the optimal standard to analyze the injury related to the shoes. Subjects in this study were 30 university male students and 18 conditions (2 types of running speed, 3 of midsole hardness, 3 of midsole height) were measured using cinematography and force platform. The results were as following. 1) Hip joint abduction moment was effected by many variables such as running speed, midsole height, maximum achilles tendon angle, ground reaction force. 2) Knee joint rotational moment in running was approximately 1/10 - 1/4 times of the injury critical value and eversion moment was approximately 1/4 - 1/2 times of the injury critical value. 3) Ankle joint pronation moment in running was 1/3 - 1/2 times of the injury critical value. 4) Knee joint rotational moment was found to be irrelevant with maximum achilles tendon angle or angular velocity. 5) Pronation from running was thought to be relevant to rather eversion moment activity than rotational moment activity of knee joint. 6) Plantar flexion abductor of ankle showed significant relationship with the ground reaction force variable. 7) When the loading rate for ground reaction force in passive region increased, extensor tended to be exposed to the injury. Main variables in biomechanical analysis of shoes were impact absorption and pronation. Among these variables, pronation factor was reported to be relevant with knee injury from long duration exercise. Achilles tendon angle factor was utilized frequently to evaluate this. However, as the results of this study showed, the relationship between these variables and injury relating variable of knee moment was so important. Studies without consideration on this finding should be reconsidered and reconfirmed.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.183-203
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• 2002

To know the effect of index of social ability (ISA) and function of social life (FSL) with activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), we carried out a study on the elderly with osteoarthritis daily living in Daegu city for 4 months, from April to July 2002. The followings were observed: 1. The score of functional disability of knee, ADL and ISA were better at lower age (p < 0.01). 2. The younger they are, the better FSL they have. The lower age group has good FSL (p < 0.01). 3. Weight affects more to the under 49Kg group than 50-59Kg group and 60-69Kg group in functional disability of knee, while it doesn't make much difference for the other groups (p > 0.05) and other assessment index doesn't show any relationship with weight. 4. Regarding relat ionship with height , taller group has better knee functions: it's proved by post hock examination that the over 160cm group has much higher knee function than the other groups (p < 0.05). In case of ADL, the over 160cm group and under 149cm group were better than 150$\∼$159cm group. (p < 0.01) . 5. ISA was also different depending on height . It was proved that FSL was the better for the over 160cm group than for the others as a result of post hock examination (p < 0.05). 6. In regard of how many months have passed since the attack of functional disability of knee, knee joint function was better for the 12mon$\∼$36mon group than for the others and the score of ADL was lower for the 12mon$\∼$36mon group than for the others (p < 0.01). ISA was lower for the 12mon$\∼$36mon group and the under 6mon group than for the other groups (p < 0.01). FSL was lower for the 12mon$\∼$36mon group and the under 6mon group than the other groups. (p < 0.01). 7. Comparing left knee with right one, the problem with left knee has lower score of functional disability in all items (p < 0.01). 8. Considering friction noise, knee joint function was slightly better for non-friction noise-group, but it's not statistically significant though. ADL and ISA were better for non-friction noise-group (p < 0.01), while no statistical significance was found in FSL, 9. Knee joint function was better for the group who doesn't have limitation on range of knee flexion motion (p,0.05) but no other difference was found in other items from this group. 10. Limitation on range of knee flexion motion has no statistical difference in ADL and FSL. However, ISA was better for the non-limitation group (p < 0.05) . 11. Knee joint function score has high correlation with ISA (r=0.812, p < 0.01) and FSL (r=0.732, p < 0.01) , which shows the better knee joint function, the higher the score. 12. ISA and FSL were highly correlated: the better ISA, the better FSL (r=0.893, p < 0.01), while ADL has no correlation with either knee joint function or ISA or FSL.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.163-173
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• 2006

Objectives : The study was peformed to evaluate the effect of treatment for Osteoarthritis of knee joint by using Homnis Placenta Herbal Acupuncture. Methods : We investigated 60 cases of patient with Osteoarthritis of knee joint from 1st February 2005 to 31st January 2005, 60 cases of patient with Osteoarthritis in knee joint treated at the department of acupuncture & moxibustion of Kwang-Dong Oriental Medicine Hospital were randomly selected for two group. One group was treated by Homnis Placenta Herbal Acupuncture therapy, the other group was treated by Filiform Acupuncture therapy. We studied Lyshoim score, Ahlaback Grade, Nine-point scale and improvement degree of the grade of Ahlaback. Results : 1. In the Lyshoim score, Homnis Filiform Acupuncture was more effective than Filiform Acupuncture. But, there was no significance between two groups statistically in the Lyshoim score. 2. In the Nine point score, Homnis Placenta Herbal Acupuncture was more effective than Filiform Acupuncture. 3.In the improvement degree of the grade of Ahlaback., Homnis Placenta Herbal Acupuncture was as effective as Filiform Acupuncture. Conclusion : In the treatment of Osteoarthritis of knee joint, Homnis Placenta Herabl Acupuncture was not more effective than Filiform Acupuncture statistically. But both Homnis Placenta Herbal Acupuncture and Piliform Acupuncture was effective in Osteoarthritis of knee joint.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.268-276
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• 2010

This study was to investigate the knee joint flexion angle and the foot pressure during climbing with different slope. The 24 healthy subjects were participated. And foot pressure was investigated using Parotec system. The knee joint flexion angle were filmed to using a video camera on each slope($0^{\circ},\;3^{\circ},\;6{\circ},\;9^{\circ}$). And knee joint angle was investigated by Dartfish. The data were analyzed ANOVAs. In conclusion, there was significantly different that knee joint flexion angle related on each slope angle. In foot pressure, there was significantly different in lateral heel area(1 cell), medial midfoot area(9 cell), medial forefoot area(15, 16 cell) of left foot, and in lateral heel area(3 cell) of right foot. There was significantly different of foot pressure in lateral and medial heel when knee joint flexion angle is between $10^{\circ}$ and $20^{\circ}$. There was change of gait cycle according to walking slop angle increasing, and the initial contact phase was shorter, the foot pressure in lateral heel was lower.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.79-86
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• 2022

Background: Bird dog exercise (BDE) is one of the lumbar stabilization exercises that rehabilitate low back pain by co-contraction of the local and global muscles. Previous studies have reported the effect of various type of BDEs (for example, practicing the exercises on various surfaces and changing the limb movement) for muscle co-contraction. Objects: This study aimed to investigate the effect of knee joint flexion position of the raised lower limb on abdominal and back muscle activity during BDE in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP). Methods: Thirteen males participated in this study (age: 32.54 ± 4.48 years, height: 177.38 ± 7.17 cm). Surface electromyographic (SEMG) data of the internal abdominal oblique (IO), external abdominal oblique (EO), lumbar multifidus (MF), and thoracic part of the iliocostalis lumborum (ICLT) were collected in two knee joint flexion positions (90° flexion versus 0° flexion) during BDE. The SEMG data were expressed as a percentage of root mean square mean values obtained in the maximal voluntary isometric contraction. Results: Greater muscle activity of the IO (p = 0.001), MF (p = 0.009), and ICLT (p = 0.021) of the raised lower limb side and the EO (p = 0.001) and MF (p = 0.009) of the contralateral side were demonstrated in the knee joint flexion position compared to the knee joint extension position. Greater local/global activity ratios of the abdominal muscle (i.e., IO and EO) of the raised lower limb (p = 0.002) and the back muscle (i.e., MF and ICLT) of the contralateral side (p = 0.028) were also noted in the knee joint flexion position. Conclusion: BDE with a knee joint flexion position might be recommended as an alternative lumbar stabilization exercise to enhance muscle activity in both the raised lower limb and the contralateral sides of the trunk for individuals with CLBP.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.73-81
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of strength training on knee joint torque during walking in an adolescent with trisomy-21 Down syndrome. One adolescent with Down syndrome and one normal child participated in this study. Strength training consisted of eight exercises: squat, hamstring curl, hip adduction, hip abduction, knee extension, toe raise, sit-ups, and hyperextension of the waist. The participant with Down syndrome was participated in strength training for 12 weeks, three times a week, three sets, 10-15 RM; resistance was adjusted according to the principle of progressive overload. To measure the effect of strength training, isokinetic strength variables and knee joint torques were measured before training and after 12 weeks of training. The participant with Down syndrome had some abnormalities in controlling knee motion during walking due to muscle hypotonia, ligament laxity, and weakness of muscles. Post-training isokinetic strength increased compared to pre-training measurements. Knee range of motion were increased after strength training. Strength training did not affect ad/adduction and in/exteranl moments but did have an effect on flexor/extensor moment and timing.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1997

The anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) is, perhaps, the most intriguing component of the knee joint. Initially referred to crucial ligament because of the cruciate or crossed arrangement or the anterior and posterior ligaments within the knee. the irony or the ACL being crucial to the well-being or the joint has only recently appreciated. The anterior cruciate ligament of human knee joint is a complex structure and its orientation, construct and biology arc directly related to the knee function as a constraint of knee joint motion. In addition to its functional role as a static stabilizer or the knee. the ACL has a unique neurovascular system. The vascular anatomy of the ACL plays a crucial role in the repair and reconstruction of the ligament, and the neuroreceptors found in its substance suggest a possible proprioceptive role for the ligament. The structural complexity of the ACL allows the ligament to function through the normal range of motion as a static stabilizer or the knee. hut it also makes the exact duplication of this structure very difficult. A comprehensive knowledge or the anatomy of the ACL can provide the orthopedic surgeon with a blueprint for the idealized repair and reconstruction of this most complex structure.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.197-207
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• 2015

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to report the effect of Korean medical treatment on 4 patients with acute traumatic meniscal tear, presenting severe knee pain and limitation of range of motion of the knee joint. Methods : 4 patients with acute traumatic meniscal tear had been treated with acupuncture, herbal treatment, moxibustion, and wet-cupping therapy. From administration to discharge, we recorded subjective pain by using a visual analogue scale and by measuring the range of motion of the knee joint once per week. Results : The visual analogue scale of knee pain of all 4 cases reduced to 0 after treatment. The range of motion of the knee joint also increased considerably after treatment. Conclusions : In this study, Korean medical treatment may have been effective in reducing knee pain and increasing the range of motion of the knee joint.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 1999

A new method of limb sparing by resection, extracorporeal irradiation and reimplantation has several theoretical advantages. This method preserves the mobility of a joint and avoids the problem of loosening or breakage of tumor prosthesis. This study involved using extracorporeal irradiated autogenous joint transplantation for reconstruction after en bloc resection, and observed the periods of functional union and histological changes in irradiated tissue of the knee joint. This study also aimed to clarify whether the degeneration of articular cartilage is induced in rabbits by a single 50Gy dose of irradiation at the knee joint. Twenty New Zealand rabbits about three kilograms were randomized into two groups of 10 rabbits each. In group 1, as control, we resected the knee joint followed by reimplantation without irradiation. Group 2 received extracorporeal irradiation on the resected knee joint followed by reimplantation. Following are the results of these observations. The osteotomy site showed external callus formation in the roentgenographic finding eight weeks after reimplantation. There was marked degenerative changes in the collagen fiber of the irradiated anterior cruciate ligament and meniscus during the fourth week, but new blood-vessel formation was observed in the vicinity. There was degenerative changes in the collagen fiber of articular cartilage treated extracorporeal irradiation at four and eight weeks in the scanning electron micrographic findings. These findings was in contrast to those of subchondral bone which showed decreased cellularity and empty lacuna at four and eight weeks. Autoradiography demonstrated active [$^3H$]uridine incorporation by irradiated chondrocyte at eight weeks after reimplantation. These results indicate that when destruction of the articular cartilage and soft tissue of the knee joint is not severe, extracorporeal irradiation and reimplantation can be used with several advantage in maintaining movement of the joint while avoiding problems of tumor prosthesis and rejection, and therefore extracorporeal irradiated autogenous joint transplantation can be used as a limb-sparing procedure for temporary biological spacer in the childhood bone tumor around the knee.