• Title/Summary/Keyword: kinetic studies

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The Effect of an Integrated Kinetic Program on the Change of Body Composition and Blood Lipid Components in Middle-aged Women (복합운동프로그램이 중년여성의 신체구성 및 혈중지질의 변화에 미치는 영향)

  • Ji, Yang;Wan-Hee, Lee
    • The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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    • v.24 no.1
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    • pp.41-50
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    • 2012
  • Purpose: This study examined the effect of an integrated kinetic program on the body composition of middle-aged and their associated blood lipid components. Methods: The subjects included 50 middle-aged women who resided at J city. Upon their agreements, the subjects were divided into either an experimental group or the control group. There were 25 subjects in each. The integrated kinetic program was conducted during the 6 weeks, and the experimental group was underwent its associated program 5 times a week. There were 3 subjects from each group that were excluded. The extensions were measured with the extensometer, the weights were taken with the body ingredient analysis instrument, and the blood lipid consistency with the blood autoanalyzer. Results: Pre- and Post- the integrated kinetic program, there were statistically significant differences between the body fat mass and the BMI in the experimental group. However, this difference was not significantly different in the control group. Further, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups of all items in blood lipid components. But the experimental group showed the decrement from TC and TG items after accomplishing the program. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that this kinetic program helps the prevention and functional control of bodily functional decrement to middle-aged women. It is considered that follow-up studies on practically integrated kinetic programs are needed so that they include exercise accomplishments of proper period and good quality nutrition intake. This is in order to maintain muscular quantity and prevent muscle function decrement for the healthy middle-aged women, preparing in aging and menopause.

The Kinetic Parameters of Hafnia alvei Aspartase from pH Studies

  • Kim, Sung-Kun;Choi, Jung-Hoon;Yoon, Moon-Young
    • BMB Reports
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    • v.28 no.3
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    • pp.204-209
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    • 1995
  • The pH dependence of kinetic parameters in the amination direction of the aspartase from Hafnia alvei has been determined. The V/K for fumarate is bell shaped with pK values of 6.4 and 8.7. The maximum velocity for fumarate is also bell shaped with pK values of 7.2 and 9.1. The pH dependence of 1/K, for potassium (competitive inhibitor of ammonia) decreases at low pH with pK 7.6. Together with data [Yoon and Cook (1994) Korean J. Biochem. 27, 1-5] on the deamination direction of the aspartase, these results are consistent with two enzyme groups which are necessary for catalysis. An enzymatic group that must be deprotonated has been identified. Another enzyme group must be protonated for substrate binding. Both the general base and general acid group are in a protonation state opposite that in which they started when aspartate was bound. A proton is abstracted from C-3 of the monoanionic form of L-aspartate by an enzyme general base with, a pK of 6.3~6.6 in the absence and presence of $Mg^{2+}$ Ammonia is then expelled with the assistance of a general acid group giving $NH_{4+}$ as the product.

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Optimization of Reflectron for Kinetic and Mechanistic Studies with Multiplexed Multiple Tandem (MSn) Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry

  • Bae, Yong-Jin;Yoon, So-Hee;Moon, Jeong-Hee;Kim, Myung-Soo
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.31 no.1
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    • pp.92-99
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    • 2010
  • Photoexcitation of a precursor ion inside a cell floated at high voltage installed in a tandem time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer provides triple tandem mass spectrometric information and allows kinetic and mechanistic studies. In this work, the factors affecting, or downgrading, the performance of the technique were identified. Ion-optical and computational analyses showed that an optimum instrument could be designed by utilizing a reflectron with linear-plus-quadratic potential inside. Theoretical predictions were confirmed by tests with instruments built with different ion-optical layout. With optimized instruments, masses of intermediate ions in the consecutive dissociation of a precursor ion could be determined with the maximum error of $\pm5$ Da. We also observed excellent agreement in dynamical parameters (critical energy and entropy) for the dissociation of a model peptide ion determined by instruments with different ion-optical layout operated under optimum conditions. This suggests that these parameters can be determined reliably by the kinetic method developed previously when properly designed and operated tandem TOF instruments are used.

Kinetic Studies on the Nucleophilic Reactions of Substituted Benzylnitrates with Anilines in $CH_3CN-CH_3OH$ (아세토니트릴-메탄올 혼합용매계에서 질산벤질과 아닐린의 친핵성 치환반응)

  • Son, Chang Guk;Kim, Wang Gi;Lee, Su Jeong;Yang, Gi Yeol
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.34 no.3
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    • pp.227-231
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    • 1990
  • Kinetic studies on the nucleophilic reactions of p-substituted benzylnitrates with substituted anilines have been conductometically carried out in 50-100% $CH_3CN-CH_3OH$ mixtures. From the kinetic data, Hammett ${\rho}_C$ and ${\rho}_N$ values, Bronsted $\beta$ values, and solvatochromic coefficients were determined in order to examine the transition state variations caused by changes in substituents and solvent properties. It is concluded that the reaction proceeds via a synchronous $S_N2$ mechanism in which bond formation is more advanced than bond cleavage.

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