• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.239-243
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• 2012

We reported an outbreak of Aeromonas (A.) veronii responsible for ulcerative dermatitis in Israeli carp (Cyprinus carpio). The major clinical signs were darkening body, abdominal extension, exophthalmos and severe ulcerative necrosis in the skin. The necropsy showed yellowish ascites, necrosis in liver and enlargement of kidney and spleen in the morbid fish. In blood agar for culturing bacteria, three different colonies were identified as A. veronii, Plesimonas shigelloides and Shewanella putrefaciens by phylogenetic identification using 16S rRNA or gyrB gene sequences. A. veronii was the most dominant species among them and was resistant to ampicillin, nalidixic acid and oxytetracycline.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.78-87
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• 1997

The study of present study was to determine the valuable laboratory tests for the differential diagnosis of lead poisoning in dogs. Sixteen mongrel dogs were divided into 2 experimental groups (A and B) and a control group (C). The A and B groups were administered orally 2 mg and 20 mg of lead per kilogram of body weight for 49 days, respectively. In addition to clinical observation, blood, urine and hair samples were collected on appointed day and examined for hematological changes, lead content of serum, whole blood and hair, and urinary $\delta$-aminolevulinic acid concentrations. All dogs were necropside on 49th day and examined for the lead content and histological changes of organs. The results obtained were summarized as follows: The group B showed digestive and nervous signs, and weight loss. The group A showed no significant hematological changes except polychromatophilla on the 7th day. But group B showed polychromatophilia as well as mild anemia and nucleated erythrocyte on the 7th and 35th day. Basophlic stippling erythrocytes were observed in some of the group B on the 14th day. The lead content of whole blood was increased significantly in both A and B groups on the 21the day. The urinary $\delta$-aminolevulinic acid content was increased in both A and B groups on the 7th day. The hair lead content of A and B groups was increased significantly on the 49th and 21th day, respectively. The lead contents of organs including liver, kidney, spleen, muscle and bone were increased significantly in group B. Histopathologic changes were characterized by hemorrhages, necrosis and intranuclear inclusion body in the epithelial cells of convoluted tubles of kidney, cloudy swelling and degeneration and/or necrosis of liver, enlargement of Virchow-Robin space, and swelling of endothelial cells and hyperplasia of the pericytes of brain. From these results it may be concluded that examination of nucleated erythrocyte/polychromatophilia, urinary $\delta$ -aminolevulinic acid, and whole blood and hair lead contents is a reliable clinico-pathological diagnostic methods, and that examination of the Virchow-Robin space, endothelial cells and pericytes of brain as well as intranuclear inclusion body in the epithelial cells of convoluted tubles of kidney is valualble postmortem diagnostic methods for lead poisoning in dogs.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.391-403
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• 2007

The study was conducted to assess the repeated dose and reproduction and developmental toxicities of acetanilide, an intermediate for drug production, as a part of OECD Screening Information Data Set (SIDS) program. The test agent was administered by gavage at dose levels of 0, 22, 67, 200 and 600 mg/kg to Sprague-Dawley rats (12/group/sex) during pre-mating and mating period for males(up to 30 days) and females and pregnancy and early lactation period for females (up to 39-50 days). At 22 mg/kg, decreases in HGB, HCT (males) and MCHC (females), hyperplasia of spleen red pulp, hyperplasia of femur bone marrow (both sexes) were observed. At 67 mg/kg, salivation (males), reduced food consumption (both sexes), decreases in RBC, HGB, HCT and MCHC (males), increases in MCV (males) and spleen weight (males), hyperplasia of spleen red pulp and femur bone marrow (both sexes) were observed. At 200 mg/kg, decreases in locomotor activity and salivation (both sexes), reduced food consumption (both sexes), decreases in RBC, HGB, HCT and increases in MCV, MCH, BUN, T-BIL (males), enlargement of spleen (both sexes), increased weight of spleen (males), hyperplasia of spleen red pulp and femur bone marrow and extramedullary hematopoiesis of liver (both sexes), atrophy of thymus and corpus luteum hyperplasia of ovary (females) were observed. At 600 mg/kg, decreases in locomotor activity, cyanosis (both sexes), reddish tear, and salivation (males), mortality (4 out of 12 females), decreased body weight (females), reduced food consumption (both sexes), decreases in RBC, HGB, HCT and MCHC and increases in WBC, MCV, MCH, reticulocyte, neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, AST, ALT, BUN, T-BIL, ALB, Ca and A/G ratio (males), enlargement of spleen, increased weights of spleen (both sexes), liver (males), kidney and ovary, decreased weights of thymus (females), hyperplasia of spleen red pulp, hyperplasia of femur bone marrow and extramedullary hematopoiesis of liver (both sexes), and atrophy of thymus and corpus luteum hyperplasia of ovary (females) were observed. Regarding the reproduction and development toxicities, there were no treatment-related changes in precoital time, mating index, fertility index and pregnancy index at all doses tested. At 22 and 67 mg/kg, there were no adverse effects on all the parameters observed. At 200 mg/ kg, decreased body weight of pups (day 4 p.p.) were observed. At 600 mg/kg, decreased body weight of pups (day 0 and 4 p.p.) and viability index (day 4 p.p.), increased incidence of newborns dead or with abnormal clinical signs were observed. The results suggest that the NOAELs for general toxicity are < 22 mg/kg, LOAELs are 22 mg/kg and the NOAELs for reproductive toxicity are 67 mg/kg.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.225-244
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• 2006

Purpose : This study was performed to assess the clinical effect of Daejo-hwan(DJH) on climacteric syndrome, not only common symptoms such as hot flushes, anxiety, palpitation and so on, but also urogenital tract disturbances like vaginal dryness and sexual problems. Methods : We randomly divided 120 women with the climacteric syndrome into two groups. One group received only DJH 2 pills(4g) a time, three times a day for 8 weeks and the other group didn't get any treatment for the same period. We evaluated sonography, DXA, blood test, female hormone test and questionnaires in the beginning as well as after 8 weeks of the treatment. Symptoms were measured by Kupperman's index, Menopausal Rating Scale and the Greene Climacteric Scale. Results : In this study, DJH was innoxious on liver and kidney. And DJH in the treated group reduced climacteric symptoms significantly as compared to the control group without enlargement of uterus myoma and the change of estradiol. In Kupperman's index and MRS, DJH in the treated group especially had effects on fatigue, shoulder pain. anxiety, headache, hot flushes as well as sexual problems. Conclusion : These results suggest that DJH can be useful in treating various climacteric symptoms including sexual problems without influences on the size of uterus myoma and estradiol.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.69-72
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• 2001

대부분의 정상 소아는 하루에 수7회 정도씩 배뇨를 한다. 일부 소아에서는 하루에 2회 이하로 배뇨를 하는데, 이 경우를 infrequent voiding이라 지칭한다. 이들의 경우 대개 장기간 수의적으로 소변을 참아오는 경우가 대부분이다. 이러한 비정상적인 배뇨습관으로 인하여 종종 방광 용적이 증가되며, 잔뇨량이 늘어나고 배뇨의 욕구가 감소됨으로써 만성적인 방광확장과 함께 재발성 요로감염 및 신손상까지 초래될 수 있다. 본 보고자들은 13세의 여아에서 하루 2차례 이하로 매우 드물게 배뇨를 하는(가뭄뇨) 습관으로 인하여 요로감염과 신손상이 초래된 증례를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하고자 한다.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.68-71
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• 2012

신경섬유종증은 드문 전신질환 중의 하나로 비뇨생식기계를 침범하는 경우는 극히 드물다고 알려져 있으나 비뇨생식기계를 침범하는 경우에는 그 기관으로 방광이 가장 흔하다. 비뇨생식기계를 침범하는 경우 증상이 나타나기 전까지 그 침범여부를 알기 어려운 경우가 많기 때문에 정기적인 추적관찰 중 비뇨생식기계 증상이 나타난다면 정밀검사를 시행하여 침범상태를 정확히 판단할 필요가 있겠다. 치료 방법으로는 보존적인 치료가 대부분이지만 종양의 크기가 클 경우 종양절개를 하는 경우도 있으나 매우 드물고, 보존적 치료와 동시에 종양의 크기 증가여부에 대하여 정기적인 추적관찰이 요구된다. 저자들은 소아에서 방광을 침범한 신경섬유종증이 증상을 나타낸 경우로 보존적 치료 후 경과관찰 중인 환아 1례를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.363-371
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• 2007

Isaria sinelairii (IS) was orally administered at doses of 0, 0.04, 0.2, and 1 g/kg/day over a 13-week period. There were no observed clinical signs or deaths related to treatment in all the groups tested. Therefore, the approximate lethal oral dose of I. sinclairii was considered to be higher than 1 g/kg in rats. Throughout the administration periods, no significant changes in diet consumption, ophthalmologic findings, organ weight, clinical pathology (hematology, clinical chemistry, coagulation, and urinalysis) or gross pathology were detected. Minor changes were found in hematological parameters for the 0.04 g/kg/day and 0.2 g/kg/day IS treated groups (triglyceride reductions of $20.1{\sim}46.6%$ and platelet increases), but all changes were within physiological range. Microscopic examination failed to identify any treatment-related histopathologic changes in the organs of the IS-treated rats other than nuclear enlargement (cellular atypia) of the tubular regions in the medulla of the kidney in the high dose group. From these results, one can conclude that the no-observed effect level (NOAEL) of I. sinclairii is less than 0.04 g/kg/day in rats.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.37-54
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• 1967

The changes in histopathology of various organs and growth inhibition of the chick embryos incubated with radioactive sulfur ($^{35}S$) were experimentally studied. The various doses of $^{35}S$ were injected into the yolk sac at different intervals and the weight changes of the embryos were evaluated to determine the growth inhibition rates. The embryos sacrified on various incubation days were used for the study of histopathological changes in organs such as the bone, liver, kidney, gonad, and eye. Following were the results: 1) The weight changes of the $^{35}S$ treated groups were as follows: i. Embryos treated on the 5 th incubation day: No weight changes were noted on the 8th incubation day, however, the growth inhibition rate of 32.1% was noted in the group treated with $50{\mu}C$ and of 38.2% in the group treated with $150{\mu}C$ on the 12th incubation day. The rates were 9.1 and 12.1% on the 15th incubation day, and 6.5 and 10.6% on the 18th incubation day respectively. ii. Embryos treated on the 8th incubation day: The growth inhibition rates on the 12th, 15th and 18th incubation days in the groups treated with $50{\mu}C$ were 20.9, 25.9 and 18.8% and in those treated with $150{\mu}C$ were 20.0, 14.9 and 16.9% respectively. iii. Embryos treated on the 12th incubation day: The growth inhibition rates on the 15th and 18th in the groups treated with $50{\mu}C$ were 13.6 and 21.1% and in those treated with $150{\mu}C$ were 26.7 and 6.5% and in those treated with $250{\mu}C$ were 10.6 and 12.6% respectively. iv. Embryos treated on the 15th incubation day: The growth inhibition rates on the 18th in the groups treated with $50{\mu}C$ were 6.5% and in those treated with $150{\mu}C$ were 10.1% and in those treated with $250{\mu}C$ were 8.5% respectively. In summary, the longer the incubation days, the less the growth inhibition rates. II) The histopathological changes in the various organs were as follows: i. Bone: Hyperplasia and edematous changes of the bone cavity, irregular distribution of immature granular cells and increased number of the myeloblast, megakaryocyte and reticuloendothelial cells were noted. ii. Liver: The embryos treated with $150{\mu}C\;of\;^{35}S$ on the 8th incubation day showed necrosis and nucleolysis of the liver cell and abnormal enlargement of sinusoid on the 12th incubation day. The longer the incubation days, the more severe the changes such as the pyknotic artophy of the liver cells and heterochromatism. The embryos treated on the 5th incubation day with 50 and $150{\mu}C\;of\;^{35}S$ showed little changes, but sight enlargement and accumulation of serous fluid in the sinusoid on the 8th incubation day. iii. Kidney: No particular changes except atrophic changes of epithelium were noted in early stage, however, the infiltration of the granular cell and monocyte into the cortex and pyknotic changes of vascular glomeruli were noted in later stage. These changes were not closely related to the doses of $^{35}S$ given. iv. Gonad: The degenerative changes such as destruction of the immature germ cells, hyperplasia and vacuolization of the stroma were noted in testis and ovary. v. Eye: A slight distortion of the cornea and sclera was noted. The hypertrophy of inner layer and blood cell infiltration into the vascular layer of the choroid membrane were noted in embryo groups on the 12, 15 and 18th incubation days.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.524-531
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• 1996

목적 : 골스캔에서 신세포암의 골전이 빈도, 호발 부위 및 전이 양상을 알아보고, 신세포암이 있는 신장의 섭취 형태를 분류하여 신세포암 환자에서 골스캔의 부가적 역할을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 수술과 조직 검사상 신세포암으로 진단된 158명의 골스캔을 후향적으로 분석하였으며 골스캔상 병변은 방사선학적인 검사와 추적 골스캔, 조직 검사 소견을 통하여 골전이를 확인하였다. 골스캔상 전이 병소의 위치는 두개골, 척추, 견관절, 흉골, 늑골, 골반, 사지의 장골등 7개의 해부학적 위치로 나누었고, 각 병변은 열소와 냉소로 분류하였다. 신세포암을 가진 신장은 섭취 형태에 따라 정상, 광자결손병소, 크기가 커져 있으면서 약한 섭취를 보이는 경우 크기가 커져 있으면서 불규칙한 섭취를 보이는 경우, 초승달 모양으로 밀려 있는 경우 그리고 섭취가 증가되어 있는 경우 등 여섯 군으로 분류하였다. 결 과 : 158명의 환자중 20명(12.7%)에서 71개의 골전이 병변을 관찰할 수 있었고 전체 병변의 약 80%는 구간 골격에 위치하였다. 병변중 55개(77.5%)는 열소로, 16개(22.5%)는 냉소로 보였다. 첫 골스캔을 시행하기 전에 신절제술을 받은 20명의 환자를 제외한 138명의 환자중 70명 (50.7%)에서 비정상 신섭취를 관찰할 수 있었으며, 그 중 골전이가 있는 17명(3명은 첫 골스캔 전에 신절제술을 받았음)의 환자중에서는 14명(82.4%)에서 비정상 신섭취를 관찰할 수 있었다. 비정상 신섭취를 보이는 70명중에서 가장 흔한 두 가지 형태는 광자결손병소와 크기가 커져있으면서 약한 섭취를 보이는 경우로 각각 35명(50%)과 17명(24.3%)이었다. 그리고 골의 통증과 병적 골절을 주소로 내원한 4명의 환자에서는 골스캔상 비정상 신섭취와 골의 병소를 관찰함으로써 인식되지 못했던 원발 종양(신세포암)에 대한 정보를 제공할 수 있었다. 결 론 : 골스캔상 신세포암으로부터의 골전이 병소의 양상과 신섭취 형태를 잘 이해함으로써 골전이 병소를 잘 검출할 수 있을 뿐 아니라, 원발 종양에 대한 정보를 제공할 수 있으리라 생각된다.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.123-130
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• 2002

이식후 발생하는 림프증식성 질환(PTLD)은 양성 다크론성 B림프구 증식증으로부터 악성의 단크론 림프종에 이르기까끼 다양한 임상상을 보이는 질환이다. PTLD는 Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)와 과도한 면역억제와 밀접한 관계가 있다. 국내에서는 1997년 성인에서 신 이식 후 발생한 예가 처음 보고되었으며, 소아에서는 간 이식 후 발생한 예가 있을 뿐 신 이식 후 발생한 증례의 보고는 없어 이 보고가 국내 최초로 신이식 소아에서 발생한 PTLD 증례이다. 환자는 9세 남아로서 긴이식후 4개월후에 PTLD가 발생하였으며 주된 임상 양상은 발열, 림프절 종대와 혈변이었다. 림프절과 대장의 생검조직 에서 EBV in situ hybridization이 양성이고, 조직학적으로 B 세포계열의 PTLD에 합당한 소견이었다. 모든 증상은 면역억제제 감소와 ganciclovir 치료로 완전 관해되었다.