• 대한수의학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.437-445
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• 2001

개에서 실험적으로 편측성 신수종증을 유발한 후, 이오헥솔-에탄올 용액을 신장동맥내로 주입하여 신수종증이 유발된 신장으로의 혈류를 차단하는 신동맥 색전술을 확립하고자 본 실험을 실시하였다. 실험적 수신증은 12두의 개의 편측 근위 요관을 이중결찰하여 유발하였다. 편측의 수뇨관을 결찰한 후, 초음파상으로 동측 신장의 장축길이가 유발전에 비하여 9일째(p<0.05)와, 17일째(p<0.005)에 유의적으로 증가하였으며, 동측 신장의 피질길이가 17일째에 유의적으로 감소하며, 아울러 확장된 신우내에 액체가 저류하는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. BUN, creatinine, ALT, calcium, phosphorus는 변화하지 않았다. 이를 통하여 12두의 개에서 요관 결찰 17일째에 편측성 수신증이 유발되었음을 확인할 수 있었다. 신장동맥 색전술은 7두의 신수종증이 유발된 신장측의 신장동맥에 대퇴동맥을 통하여 선택적으로 카테터를 삽입한 후 이오헥솔-에탄올 용액을 주입하였으며, 시술 중 심전도, 산소포화도, 체온, 맥박, 호흡수는 모두 정상범위에 있었다. 주입한 평균 에탄올 용량은 $1.94{\pm}1.24ml/kg$였다. 신장동맥 색전술 후 사망한 개체는 없었으며, 색전물질의 유출로 인한 부작용도 관찰할 수 없었다. 색전술 직후 그리고 14일째에 실시한 선택적 동맥촬영술을 통하여 색전술을 시행한 7두의 개의 신장동맥에서 재맥관화가 발생하지 않았음을 확인할 수 있었다. 초음파 검사를 통하여 신장동맥 색전술을 시행한 7두의 개의 색전된 신장은 평균 장축길이가 반대편 정상 신장에 비하여 2달째와 3달째에 유의적으로 감소하였음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이오헥솔-에탄올 용액을 이용하여 실시한 신장동맥색전술은 개의 수신증을 치료하는 안전하며, 비교적 비침습적인 치료법으로 기존의 신장절제술의 대안이 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2003

The Theory for Monarch, Minister, Adjuvant and Dispatcher (or the Theory of Principal, Assistant, Adjuvant and Guiding Korean Oriental Herbal Medicines) has served as a standard principle for newly developed prescription formulas as well as established ones. Despite its significance, however, this theory hasn't been thoroughly studied and covered in the academic journals of Korean Oriental Herbal Medicines (KOHM) yet. This paper inquires into the origin of the theory while presenting the definitions and functions of Principal, Assistant, Adjuvant, and Guiding KOHM. In the end, the recommended doses and number of the KOHM comprising each of Principal, Assistant, Adjuvant, and Guiding KOHM are suggested. The compatibility theory of Principal, Assistant, Adjuvant, and Guiding KOHM can be traced back to the Warring States Period during which it was recorded in the treatise of the various schools of thoughts and their exponents. The theory was firmly established as a full system in ${\ulcorner}Shinnong's\;Pharmacopoeia{\lrcorner}\;and\;{\ulcorner}Yellow\;Emperor's\;Cannon\;of\;Internal\;Medicine{\lrcorner}$. While ${\ulcorner}Shinnong's\;Pharmacopoeia{\lrcorner}$ focuses on the classification of the properties of KOHM, ${\ulcorner}Yellow\;Emperor's\;Cannon\;of\;Internal\;Medicine{\lrcorner}$ mainly deals with the principles for writing prescriptions. In this regard, it is ${\ulcorner}Yellow\;Emperor's\;Cannon\;of\;Internal\;Medicine{\lrcorner}$ that systemized the Theory of Principal, Assistant, Adjuvant, and Guiding KOHM in a real sense. Principal KOHM aims at the causes of diseases and treat main symptoms. The doses are greater than Assistant, Adjuvant and Guiding KOHM. With their comprehensive effects, Principal KOHM is a leading ingredient of any prescription formula. Assistant KOHM are similar to Principal KOHM in its natures and flavors. Although its natures, flavors as well as efficacies may slightly differ from those of Principal KOHM, Assistant KOHM strengthens the therapeutic effects, jointly working with Principal KOHM. They mainly treat accompanying diseases and symptoms. Adjuvant KOHM is divided into two types: facilitator and inhibitor. Facilitators with the similar properties to those of Principal and Assistant KOHM help strengthen the therapeutic effects. Since they usually treat accompanying symptoms or secondary accompanying symptoms (minor accompanying symptoms), there are two kinds of facilitators. (1) The first kind of facilitators assists Principal KOHM, targeting accompanying symptoms. (2) The second ones supporting Assistant KOHM are for accompanying or secondary accompanying symptoms (or minor accompanying symptoms). Inhibitors counteract and thereby complement Principal and Assistant KOHM. Some of them inhibit the side effects or toxicity of Principal KOHM for the sake of the safety of the whole prescription formula while the others generate induced interactions. Guiding KOHM can be used for two purposes: guiding and mediating. The Guiding KOHM for the former purpose leads the other KOHM in a prescription formula to the lesion. But, the Guiding KOHM for mediating coodinate and harmonize all the ingredients in a prescription formula. The number of KOHM for those Principal, Assistant, Adjuvant and Guiding KOHM and their doses are different, depending on the types of prescriptions: classical prescriptions, prescriptions after ${\ulcorner}$Treatise of Cold-Induced Diseases${\lrcorner}$ and prescriptions of Sasang Constitutions Medicines. In the case of the prescriptions after ${\ulcorner}$Treatise of Cold-Induced Diseases${\lrcorner}$, it is highly recommended to follow the view of ${\ulcorner}$Thesaurus of Korean Oriental Medicine Doctors in Chosun Dynasty${\lrcorner}$ for the number of KOHM to be used. For the doses, however, ${\ulcorner}$Elementary Course for Medicine${\lrcorner}$, is found to be more accurate. The most appropriate number of KOHM per prescription is 11-13. To be more specific, for one prescription formula, it is recommended to administer one kind of KOHM for Principal KOHM, 2-3 for Assistant KOHM, 3-4 for Adjuvant KOHM and 5 for Guiding KOHM. As for the proportion of the doses, when 10 units are to be administered for Principal KOHM in a formula, the doses for the other three should be 7-8 units for Assistant KOHM, 5-6 for Adjuvant KOHM and 3-4 for Guiding KOHM. The doses of the KOHM added to or taken out of the prescription correspond to those of Adjuvant and Guiding KOHM.

• 대한약리학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.23-30
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• 1981

1) 흰쥐 및 가토정관표본(家兎精管標本)에서 전기자극(電氣刺戟)(Field Stimulation)에 의한 수축반응(收縮反應)에 미치는 McN-A-343. cocain 및 clonidine등 그 작용(作用)에 NE와의 유관성(有關性)이 시사(示唆)되어 있는 약물(藥物)의 영향(影響)을 조사(調査)하였다. 2) 소양(小量)의 McN-A-343$(0.003,\;0.03,\;0.3{\mu}\;g/ml)$, clonidine$(0.003,\;0.03\;{\mu}g/ml)$, cocaine$(0.03\;{\mu}g/ml)$존재하(存在下)에서 $5{\sim}10Hz$에 의한 자극효과(刺戟效果)는 억제(抑制)되었고 이 억제(抑制)는 yohimbine, piperoxan 투여(投與)에 의하여 원수축반응(原收縮反應)으로 회복(回復)되었다. 3) 전술(前述)한 McN-A-343$(0.03\;{\mu}g/ml)$ 또는 cocaine $(0.03\;{\mu}g/ml)$에 의한 억제(抑制)는 각각 동량(同量)의 cocaine 또는 McN-A-343으로 더욱 강화(張化)되었다. 이 강화(强化)된 억제효과(抑制效果)는 yohimbine으로 회복(回復)되었다. 4) 비교적(比較的) 대량(大量)의 McN-A-343$(30\;{\mu}g/ml)$ 및 cocaine$(3\;{\mu}g/ml)$존재하(存在下)에서 $5{\sim}10Hz$ 및 0.01 Hz의 자극효과(刺戟效果)는 강화(强化)되었다. 이 강화(强化)는 thymoxamine 존재하(存在下)에서 소실(消失)되었고, atropine 존재하(存在下)에서는 McN-A-343의 강화(强化)만이 소실(消失)되었다. 5) Muscarine에 의하여 자극효과(刺戟效果)는 강화(强化)되었고 이 강화(强化)는 thymoxamine 및 atropine 존재하(存在下)에서 억제(抑制)되었다. 6) 흰쥐 정관표본(精管標本)의 0.01 Hz의 자극효과(刺戟效果)는 McN-A-343 또는 clonidine에 의하여 억제(抑制)되었고, yohimbine 존재하(存在下)에서 후자(後者)에 의한 억제(抑制)는 부분회복(部分回復)되었으나 전자(前者)에 의한 억제(抑制)는 영향(影響)받지 않았다. 7) 이상(以上)의 성적(成績)으로 McN-A-434은 교감신경말단(交感神經末端)으로부터의 NE유리(遊離)에 대하여 상반(相反)된 두가지 작용(作用) 즉(卽) $pre-{\alpha}$를 통(通)한 NE유리(遊離)의 억제(抑制) 및 muscarinic recepor를 통(通)한 NE유리(遊離)의 증가(增加)를 일으키는 성질(性質)을 갖고, cocain(소량(少量))은 NE-uptake 억제(抑制)에 의하여 NE를 통(通)해 $pre-{\alpha}$에 작용(作用)하여 NE유리(遊離)를 억제(抑制)시키는 성질(性質)을 갖고 있음을 알 수 있다.

• 대한약리학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.123-131
• /
• 1983

1) Urethane 마취가토(痲醉家兎)에서 경뇌막외강내(硬腦膜外腔內)에 삽입(揷入)한 balloon을 통(通)한 가압(加壓) 및 두개내압기종방법(頭蓋內壓記種方法)에 의하여 내압(內壓)을 상승(上昇)시키고, 이 내압상승(內壓上昇)에 따른 혈압상승(血壓上昇)에 미치는 ${\alpha}_2-adrenoceptor$ antagonist인 yohimbine의 영향(影響)을 관찰(觀察)하였다. 2) 내압(內壓)은 가압(加壓)balloon 내(內) 식염수주입(食鹽水注入)으로 주입초기(注入初期) 에는 완만(緩慢)하게 그 후 점차(漸次) 급격(急激)하게 상승(上昇)하였다. 이에 따라 혈압(血壓)은 처음에 경미(輕微)한 하강경향(下降傾向)을 보인 후 급격(急激)하게 상승(上昇)하였고, 더욱 내압(內壓)을 상승(上昇)시키면 혈압(血壓)은 심(甚)한 하강(下降)을 보였다. 최고혈압상승정도(最高血壓上昇程度)는 원혈압(元血壓)의 $49{\pm}2.4%$(32예(例) 평균(平均)${\pm}SE)$의 증가(增加)였으며, 이때에 가압(加壓)balloon 내(內)로 주입(注入)된 식염수양(食鹽水量)은 $1.22{\pm}0.15\;ml$, 내압(內壓)은 $165{\pm}6.4\;mmHg$였다. 3) 측뇌실내(側腦室內) yohimbine$(50{\mu}g)$은 혈압자체(血壓自體) 영향(影響)을 미치지 못하였으나, 본양(本量)의 yohimbine 투여후(投與後)에는 가압(加壓)balloon내(內)에 대조동물(對照動物)에서보다 훨씬 적은 양(量)의 식염수주입(食鹽水注入)으로 내압(內壓) 및 혈압(血壓)이 상승(上昇)하였다. 즉(卽) 최고혈압상승(最高血壓上昇) (6예평균(例平均, $57{\pm}4.5%)$이 나타날 때의 가압(加壓)balloon 내(內)에 주입된 식염수양(食鹽水量)은 $0.83{\pm}0.02\;ml$, 내압(內壓)은 $164{\pm}9.6\;mmHg$였다. 4) $Clonidine(30\;{\mu}g)$의 측뇌실내(側腦室內) 주입후(注入後) 혈압자체(血壓自體)는 하강(下降)되었고 이때 가압(加壓)balloon 내 식염수주입(食鹽水注入)에 의한 내압상승(內壓上昇)은 대조군(對照郡)보다 순화(純化)되었으며 혈압상승(血壓上昇)은 거의 볼 수 없었다. 5) $Clonidine(30\;{\mu}g)$투여(投與)로 하강(下降)된 혈압(血壓)은 $yohimbine(500\;{\mu}g)$투여(投與)로 거의 원혈압(原血壓)으로 회복(回復)되었고, 이때 내압(內壓)을 상승(上昇)시키면 대조군(對照郡)에서와 같은 내압상승(內壓上昇)에 따른 혈압상승(血壓上昇)이 나타났다. 6) 본실험(本實驗) 성적(成績)은 가토(家兎)에서 ${\alpha}_2-adrenoceptor$ antagonist가 뇌(腦)에 존재(存在)할 때는 두개뇌압상승(頭蓋腦壓上昇)에 따른 혈압상승(血壓上昇)이 촉진(促進)되고 또한 ${\alpha}_2-adrenoceptor\;agonist$에 의한 두개뇌압상승(頭蓋腦壓上昇)에 따른 혈압상승(血壓上昇)의 억제(抑制)가 나타나지 않음을 가리키고 있다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.190-196
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• 1993

HCV에 감염된 환자중 반이상은 만성간염 환자로 이행되며 이중 20% 정동서는 간경변증 환자가 된다고 하며 그 외 간세포암 발생과의 관련성도 높다고 한다. 혈청으로 인한 각종 감염경로를 차단하는 것이 현재로서는 가장 확실한 C형 간염의 관리방법이긴 하나 약 반수정도의 환자는 산발형의 감염으로 뚜렷한 원인을 찾지 못하고 있다. 따라서 만성 C형 간염의 치료는 주요한 과제의 하나이며 최근 interferon 제제로 치료하여 ALT치의 정상화, 혈청 HCV RNA의 소실 및 간조직검사상의 상태개선이 가능하다는 국외의 희망적 보고들이 계속되고 있음은 다행한 일이며 이 보고내용에는 간편한 ALT치 검사가 치료경과 관찰 및 판정의 지표로 사용될 수 있음을 시사하고 있다. 저자는 1991년 5월부터 1992년 9월 사이에 영남대학교 의과대학 부속병원 내과에 내원하여 혈청 anti-HCV가 양성이며 임상적으로 최기간경변증 및 간조직검사상 만성간염 진단된 환자 16명에 대해 ${\alpha}$-interferon 300만 단위를 주 3회, 1-9(평균 4.0)개월동안 피하주사하고 그후 1-18(평균 7.0)개월후까지의 ALT치를 조사하였다. 치료중 대부분의 환자에서 ALT치의 감소가 있었으나 2명에서는 치료중 다시 상승되었다. 치료중단 후 6개월 이후에도 계속적으로 정상 ALT치를 보인 경우에는 9명중 4명(44.4%)였다. 대부분 환자에서 ALT치의 정상화는 치료시작후 1개월 전후에 관찰되었으며 치료중 ALT치의 파동이 있거나 늦게 정상화된 환자에서는 치료중단 후에도 ALT치의 파동이 있거나 정상 ALT치가 유지되지 않았다. 따라서 만성 C형간염 환자에서 ${\alpha}$-interferon의 치료는 간기능 개선에 도움이 되나 더 나은 성적을 위해서는 투여양과 기간을 치료에 따른 환자의 검사결과에 따라 변화시켜 사용하는 것이 도움이 될 것으로 여겨지고 이 치료에 전혀 반응이 없는 환자들에 대한 연구도 병행되어야 할 것으로 생각되며 또한 우리나라에서도 치료 후 장기간의 경과관찰, HCV RNA 검사 및 HCV genotyne에 관한 연구로서 만성 C형 간염에 대한 ${\alpha}$-interferon 치료효과를 더 정확히 평가해야 할 것으로 사료된다. 또한 최근에는 만성 C형간염의 ${\alpha}$-interferon 치료 후의 장기효과에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 여러조건들 즉 나이, 간경변의 유무, 치료전 NCV-RNA양 및 HCV와 genotype 등이 관심이 대상이 되기 시작하였으므로 향후 이점들에 대해서도 관찰이 시도되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권23호
• /
• pp.10445-10449
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• 2015

Objective: To observe treatment effects and safety of fluvoxamine combined with oxycodone prolonged-release tablets in treating patients with moderate to severe cancer pain. Methods: Patients confirmed pathologically with cancer and complicated with moderate to severe pain, were divided into control and experimental groups. Oxycodone prolonged-release tablets, with or without fluvoxamine, were administrated to all study patients until pain relief. Degree of pain relief, dose of oxycodone prolonged-release tablets, side effects and quality of life were compared before and after treatment. Results: In total, 120 patients were recruited. No statistically significant difference was detected regarding age, gender, types of cancer, KPS between two groups of patients (P>0.05). Baseline pain score of patients with moderate pain in treatment and control group was $4.9{\pm}0.8$ and $5.1{\pm}0.8$, respectively; and decreased to $1.8{\pm}1.1$ and $1.2{\pm}1.1$ after treatment, respectively. Pain intensity was significantly reduced in the treatment group (P=0.028). Average daily consumption of oxycodone prolonged-release tablets was ($54.0{\pm}19.6$) mg and ($44.7{\pm}18.7$) mg respectively, which is lower in treatment grpup than in control group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.065). Baseline pain score of patients with severe pain in treatment and control groups were $8.3{\pm}1.1$ and $8.3{\pm}1.1$, respectively; and pain intensity after treatment decreased to $2.9{\pm}1.0$ and $2.3{\pm}1.0$. Pain intensity was significantly reduced in the treatment group, with statistical significance (P=0.026). Average daily consumption of oxycodone prolonged-release tablets was ($132.0{\pm}42.2$) mg and ($110.7{\pm}33.9$) mg, respectively, which is lower in treatment group than in control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.035). In terms of quality of life, patients in treatment group had better performance status, daily activity, mood, and sleep than that in control group (P < 0.05). Patients in two groups had similar side effects, eg., constipation, nausea/vomiting, lethargy, dizziness, itchy skin, dysuria, and ataxia. Lower incidence of nausea/vomiting, lethargy, was obtained from patients in treatment than in control group, while significant low constipation was observed in treatment than in control group (35.0% vs 49.2%, P=0.026). Conclusion: Fluvoxamine combined with oxycodone prolonged-release tablets could be more effective in treating patients with cancer pain, and could reduce the dosage of oxycodone prolonged-release tablets and thus be associated with lower side effects, and improved quality of life.

• 대한약리학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.17-36
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• 1965

Besides it's all important analgesic action, morphine has, among others, hyperglycemic effect, though not important clinically, which is believed to be resulted from augmented glycogenolysis in the liver and muscles due to the increased liberation of epinephrine from the adrenal medulla upon the stimulation of the posterior part of hypothalamus. It is known that adrenergic blocking agents are acting inhibitory to this sort of hyperglycemia. Much, however, should as yet be studied for the drugs which affect central nervous system and release of endogenous catecholamine as far as their effects on hyperglycemia are concerned. Much is still not known about the effect of ginseng, which has been highly regarded in the Herb Medicine, as far as it's influence on the blood sugar is concerned. Author investigated the effects of chlorpromazine, reserpine and ginseng on epinephrine induced, and morphine-induced hyperglycemiae. Animals used in this experiment were healthy albino rabbits weighing approximately 2.0 kg of body weight and were all fasted for 24 hours, before the experiment undertaken. Blood sugar determination was carried out by Nelson-Somogy method. Results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. The groups of rabbits administered intravenously with epinephrine 0.02 mg/kg, and 0.05 mg/kg, showed marked and transient hyperglycemia within 15 minutes after injection. The maximal rate of elevation in blood sugar to the control level, were 28% and 57% respectively. The blood sugar returned to the control level within 3 hours. Thus, the hyperglycemic responses were paralleled with epinephrine doses. 2. The hyperglycemic responses by morphine were different according to the doses. The groups of rabbits in which 4 mg/kg of morphine was administered, did not show any hyperglycemic effect, but, in which 10 mg/kg of morphine administered, showed severe hyperglycemic effect, resulting in the maximal level within 2 hours after injection. The maximal rate of increasing in blood sugar ,level was 88%. Compared .with epinephrine-injected groups, morphjne-injected groups showed more persistent hyperglycemic effect, but returned to control blood sugar .level in 6 hours after injection. 3. The intravenous injection of chlorpromazine 2 mg/kg and 8 mg/kg evoked a slight, and persistent hyperglycemia. The maximal rate of increasing in blood sugar level were 15% and 23% respectively. These hyperglycemia gradually returned to the normal level in 5 or 6 hours after injection. Thus, the intensity of response was paralleled with the dose of chlorpromazine. 4. The intravenous injection of reserpine 0.2 mg/kg and 0.5mg/kg, showed the most persistent but steady elevation of blood sugar level in this experiments, resulting in the maximal level in 5 hours after injection. The maximal rate of increasing of blood sugar level were 18% and 39% respectively. 5. The blood sugar level from 24 hours to 30 hours after intraperitoneal administration of reserpine 1.0mg/kg, did not show statistically significant difference, compared with control groups. 6. The oral administration of ginseng extract 15 ml/kg did not. show any :change in blood sugar level. 7. The intravenous administration of epinephrine 0.05 mg/kg or morphine 4 mg/kg to the group pretreated with ginseng extract 15 ml/kg $20{\sim}30$ minutes before the experiment, evoked more marked hyperglycemic effect than the non-pretreated group. 8. The intravenous administration of epinephrine 0.02 mg/kg, morphine 4 mg/kg, or morphine 10 mg/kg to the groups pretreated with reserpine 0.2 mg/kg or 0.5 mg/kg $20{\sim}30$ minutes before experiment, produced more marked and persistent hyperglycemic effects than the groups injected with single epinephrine or morphine injection. 9. When epinephrine 0.05 mg/kg or morphine 10 mg/kg administered intravenously to the groups pretreated with the intraperitoneal administration of reserpine 1 mg/kg 24 hours before experiment morphine-induced hyperglycemia was inbibited, but epinephrine-induced hyperglycemia was augmented. 10. When epinephrine 0.05mg/kg or morphine 10 mg/kg administered intravenously to the groups pretreated with chlorpromazine, 2 mg/kg, 4 mg/kg, and 8 mg/kg $20{\sim}30$ minutes before the experiment, morphine-induced hyperglycemia was inbibited, but epinephrine-induced hyperglycemia was more persistent.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.166-172
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• 2008

목 적: 암환자의 방사선 치료 전 방사선에 대한 감수성을 미리 측정할 수 있다면 임상적으로 많은 도움이 될 것이다. 본 연구는 전 임상 실험을 통하여 MTT assay가 세포집락 측정기법과 비교해서 방사선 감수성을 예측할 수 있고, 직장암 환자의 조직에 사용할 수 있는지 가능성을 확인하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 대장암 세포 주인 HCT-8, LoVo, CT-26, WiDr을 이용하여 세포집락 측정기법을 통해 세포생존곡선 및 2 Gy에서의 세포생존확률(SF2)을 구하였다. 세포 주 자체를 대상으로 MTT assay를 시행하는 실험(in vitro) 및 환자의 암 조직과 같은 상태를 만들기 위하여, 누드 마우스에 세포 주를 주입하여 암 조직을 형성한 후 in vitro와 같은 방식으로 MTT assay를 시행(ex vivo)하였다. 이 두 실험에 대한 흡광도 값에 따른 저해율(inhibition rate, %)을 구하였다. 결 과: $SF_2$ 및 세포생존곡선에 따르면 CT-26 및 LoVo가 HCT-8, WiDr에 비해 방사선에 민감하였다(p<0.05). In vitro MTT assay 결과 WiDr, HCT-8, LoVo와 CT-26의 방사선 저해율이 각각 17.3%, 21%, 30%, 56.5%를 나타내었다. 또한 ex vivo MTT assay의 저해율은 HCT-8, WiDr, LoVo와 CT-26에서 각각 23.5%, 26%, 38%, 53%를 나타내었다. 통계적인 차이를 감안하였을 때 세포생존곡선을 통해 얻은 방사선 감수성의 결과와 동일한 순서를 가졌다. 결 론: 4개의 세포 주의 방사선의 감수성의 순서가 세포집락 측정기법 및 in vitro와 ex vivo MTT assay 결과에서 거의 일치함을 보였다. 이는 직장암 환자에서 MTT assay를 통해 방사선 감수성을 예측할 수 있는 가능성을 제시하였다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.1532-1537
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 대두와 검정콩에 속하는 흑태, 서목태 및 서리태의 항돌연변이 및 암세포 증식 억제 활성을 비교하였다. Ames test를 이용한 항돌연변이 실험에서 간접돌연변이원인 $AFB_1$에 대해 모든 종류의 콩 메탄올 추출물들은 농도 의존적으로 돌연변이 억제 효과가 증가하였다(p<0.05). 대두 메탄올 추출물보다는 검정콩들인 흑태, 서목태 및 서리태 메탄올 추출물에 의한 효과가 높은 경향을 나타내었다. 검정콩 중에서 약콩이라고 불리는 서목태에 의한 항돌연변이 효과가 높아 첨가농도 5 mg/plate일 때 82%의 효과를 나타내었다. 직접 돌연변이원인 MNNG에 대한 각 종 콩 메탄올 추출물들의 항돌연변이성 실험을 한 결과, $AFB_1$에 대한 효과와 유사하게 검정콩중 서목태에 의한 효과가 높았으며 첨가농도 2.5 및 5 mg/plate일 때부터 각각 58% 및 61%로 돌연변이를 억제시켰다. 인체 암세포를 이용하여 대두 및 검정콩 메탄올 추출물들에 의한 암세포 증식 억제 효과를 검토한 결과, 모든 종류의 콩 메탄올 추출물(첨가농도 1 mg/ml)을 인체 위암세포(AGS)에 처리했을 때 50% 이상의 암세포 증식 억제 효과를 나타내었고 대두보다는 검정콩에 의한 효과가 높았으며 흑태, 서목태 및 서리태 메탄올 추출물은 각각 61%, 70% 및 65%의 암세포 증식 억제효과를 나타내었다. 인체 결장암세포(HT-29)의 경우, 검정콩 메탄올 추출물에 의한 효과가 대두보다 높은 경향을 나타내었으나 서목태 메탄올 추출물을 제외하고는 유의적 차이는 살펴 볼 수가 없었다. 인체 간암세포(Hep 3B)에 의한 증식 억제효과는 이상의 암세포에 대한 효과보다 다소 낮았으나 흑태, 서목태 및 서리태 메탄올 추출물은 첨가농도 1 mg/ml에서 각각 51%, 59% 및 52%의 저해효과를 나타내어 여기서도 서목태에 의한 억제효과가 높았다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과로부터 Ames test를 이용한 항돌연변이 및 인체 암세포 증식 억제 실험에서 검정콩 메탄올 추출물에 의한 억제 효과가 높았고 특히 소립 검정콩에 해당하는 서목태에 의한 생리활성이 우수하였으므로 검정콩에 많이 함유된 색소에 의한 효과라고 추정되며 여기에 대한 향후 연구가 필요하다.

• 한국환경보건학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경보건학회 2003년도 Challenges and Achievements in Environmental Health
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• pp.24-25
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• 2003

Lead is ubiquitous in the human environment as a result of industrialization. China's rapid industrialization and traffic growth have increased the potential for lead emissions. Lead poisoning in children is one of the most common public health problems today, and it is entirely preventable. Children are more vulnerable to lead pollution and lead in their bodies can affect their nervous, circulatory, and digestive systems. Children are exposed to lead from different sources (such as paint, gasoline, and solder) and through different pathways (such as air, food, water, dust, and soil). Although all children are exposed to some lead from food, air, dust, and soil, some children are exposed to high dose sources of lead. Significant sources of lead for China's children include industrial emissions (often close to housing and schools), leaded gasoline, and occupational exposure that occurs when parents wear lead-contaminated clothing home from work, burning of coal for home heat and cooking, contaminated food, and some traditional medicines. To assess the blood lead level in children in China, a large-scale study was conducted in 19 cities among 9 provinces during 1997 to 2000. There were 6502 children, aged 3-5 years, were recruited in the study The result indicates that the mean blood lead level was 8.83ug/dl 3-5 year old living in city area. The mean blood lead level of boys was higher than that of girls (9.1l ug/dl vs 8.73ug/dl). Almost 30 percent childrens blood lead level exceeded 10ug/dl. The average blood lead level was higher than that of in 1985 (8.83ug/dl vs 8.lug/dl). An epidemiological study was carried on the children living around the cottage industries recycling the lead from battery. Nine hundreds fifty nine children, aged 5-12 years, living in lead polluted villages where the lead smelters located near the residential area and 207 control children live in unpolluted area were recruited in the study. The lead levels in air, soil, drinking water and crops were measured. The blood lead and ZnPP level were tested for all subjects. The results show that the local environment was polluted. The lead levels both in the air and crops were much higher than that of in control area. In the polluted area, the average blood level was 49.6ug/dl (rang 19.5-89.3ug/dl). Whereas, in the unpolluted area, the average blood level was 12.4ug/dl (rang 4.6-24.8ug/dl). This study indicates that in some countryside area, some cottage industries induce seriously lead pollution and cause children health problem. For the introducing of unleaded gasoline in some large cities, such as Beijing and Shanghai, the blood lead level showed a declined trend since 1997. By 2000, the use of leaded gasoline in motor vehicles has been prohibited in China. The most recent data available show that levels of lead in blood among children in Shanghai decreased from 8.3ug/dl in 1997 to 7.6ug/dl in 1999. The prevalence rate of children lead poisoning (blood lead >10ug/dl) was also decreased from 37.8% to 24.8%. In children living in downtown area, the blood lead level reduced dramatically. To explore the relationship between gene polymorphisms and individual susceptibility of lead poisoning, a molecular epidemiological study was conducted among children living in lead polluted environment. The result showed that the subjects with ALAD2 allele has higher ZPP level, and the subjects with VDR B allele has larger head circumference than only with b allele. In the present study, we demonstrated that ALAD genotypes modify lead effects on heme metabolism and VDR gene variants influence the skull development in highly exposed children. The polymorphism of ALAD and VDR genes might be the molecular inherited factor modifying the susceptibility of lead poisoning. Recently, Chinese government pays more attention to lead pollution and lead poisoning in children problem. The leaded gasoline was prohibited used in motor vehicles since 2000. The government has decided to have a clampdown on the high-polluted lead smelters for recycling the lead from battery in countryside. It is hopeful that the risk of lead poisoning in children will be decreased in the further