• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.527-539
• /
• 2009

회외발에 대한 거골하 관절가동술이 균형능력에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해, 주상골 하강 검사에서 주상골의 하강이 4mm이하의 저가동성인 회외발군 20명을 실험군으로, 정상발군 20명을 대조군으로 하여 거골하 관절가동술을 주 3회 4주간 총 12회 적용한 결과 실험기간에 따라 동요 면적, 동요길이, 동요 최대 속도가 유의하게 감소하였으며, 실험군과 대조군에서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 실험군에서는 기간에 따라 동요 면적, 동요 길이, 동요 최대 속도가 유의하게 감소하였으나, 대조군에서는 기간에 따른 유의한 차이가 없었다. 동요 면적, 동요 길이, 동요 최대 속도에 대한 그룹 간 비교에서 설험 전은 유의한 차이가 없었으나 실험 2주 후, 실험 4주 후, 실험종료 2주 후에서는 실험군이 대조군에 비해 유의하게 낮았다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
• /
• 제4권4호
• /
• pp.429-449
• /
• 2013

Current Design Codes for Reinforced Concrete (RC) interior beam-column joints are based on limited experimental studies on the seismic behavior of eccentric joints. To supplement existing information, an experimental study was conducted that focused on the effect of eccentricity of the deeper beams with respect to the shallow beams. A total of eight one-third scale interior joints with beams of different depths were subjected to reverse cyclic loading. The primary variables in the test specimens were the amount of joint transverse reinforcement and the cross section of the shallow beams. The overall performance of each test assembly was found to be unsatisfactory in terms of joint shear strength, stiffness, energy dissipation and shear deformation. The results indicated that the vertical eccentricity of spandrel beams in this type of joint led to lower capacity in joint shear strength and severe damage of concrete in the joint core. Increasing the joint shear reinforcement was not effective to alter the failure mode from joint shear failure to beam yielding which is favorable for earthquake resistance design, whereas it was effective to reduce the crack width at the small loading stages. Based on the observed behavior, the shear stress of the joint core was suggested to be kept as low as possible for a safe and practical design of this type of joint.

• 한국레이저가공학회지
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.19-26
• /
• 2004

The effect of shield gas on the weldability, mechanical properties and formability of CO2 laser weld joint in 600MPa grade high strength steel was investigated. Bead on plate welds were made under various welding speed and shield gas. Tensile test was carried out under the load of perpendicular and parallel direction to the weld line, Formability of the joint was evaluated by Erichsen test. As the welding speed increases, the porosity fraction decreases. The porosity fraction in the joint used Ar-$50\%He$ mixed gas as a shield gas was lower than that of the joint used Ar gas. Hardness at the weld metal of full penetrated joint was nearly equal to that of water quenched raw metal. In a tensile test under a perpendicular load to the weld axis, strength and elongation of joint produced by optimum condition were nearly equal to those of base metal. However, the strength of joint in a tensile test under a parallel load to weld axis was higher than that of raw metal, but the elongation of joint was lower than that of raw metal. Elongation and formability were further increased by the method of using Ar+He mixed gas as a shield gas as compared with Ar gas. Formabilities of joints were recorded ranging from $58\%\;to\;70\%$ of that of base metal with different shield gases.

• 척추신경추나의학회지
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.125-132
• /
• 2014

Objectives : The Purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical application of conservative Korean treatment including hip joint MST for Bilateral Sacroillitis with Synovitis in Rt. Hip Joint Caused by Ankylosing Spondylitis. Methods : Patient is hospitalized at Dept. of Korean Internal Medicine, Jaseng Korean Medicine Hospital, diagnosed as Bilateral Sacroilitis with Synovitis in Rt. Hip Joint Caused by Ankylosing Spondylitis, and treated by herbal medicine, acupuncture, moxibustion, and hip joint MST. This study was measured by NRS(Numeric Rating Scale), SLRT(Straight leg raising test), Patrick test, and Blood test(ESR, CRP). Result : After conservative treatment, the patient's pain was controlled and NRS score was decreased. SLRT score also improved. Patrick test unchanged. ESR, CRP score was decreased. Conclusion : As seen in this one case, conservative Korean treatment including hip joint MST has a positive effect to control pain with Bilateral Sacroillitis with Synovitis in Rt. Hip Joint Caused by Ankylosing Spondylitis.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.49-62
• /
• 2022

Experimental and discrete element methods were used to investigate the effects of triple joints lengths and triple joint angle on the failure behavior of rock mass under uniaxial compressive test. Concrete samples with dimension of 20 cm × 20 cm × 5 cm were prepared. Within the specimen, three imbedded joint were provided. The joint lengths were 2 cm, 4cm and 6 cm. In constant joint lengths, the angle between middle joint and other joints were 30°, 60°, 90°, 120° and 150°. Totally 15 different models were tested under compression test. The axial load rate on the model was 0.05 mm/min. Concurrent with experimental tests, the models containing triple joints, length and joint angle are similar to the experiments, were numerical by Particle flow code in two dimensions (PFC2D). Loading rate in numerical modelling was 0.05 mm/min. Tensile strength of material was 1 MPa. The results show that the failure behaviors of rock samples containing triple joints were governed by both of the angle and the length of the triple joints. The uniaxial compressive strengths (UCS) of the specimens were related to the fracture pattern and failure mechanism of the discontinuities. Furthermore, it was shown that the compressive behavior of discontinuities is related to the number of the induced tensile cracks which are increased by decreasing the joint length. Along with the damage failure of the samples, the acoustic emission (AE) activities are excited. There were only a few AE hits in the initial stage of loading, then AE hits rapidly grow before the applied stress reached its peak. In addition, every stress drop was accompanied by a large number of AE hits. Finally, the failure pattern and failure strength are similar in both methods i.e., the experimental testing and the numerical simulation methods.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.40-47
• /
• 2018

This study was conducted to examine changes in the muscle activity of the triceps surae, specifically the gastrocnemius and the soleus, depending on the angle of the knee joint during the manual muscle test (MMT) of the plantar flexion of the ankle. The muscle activity of the medial and lateral heads of the gastrocnemius was statistically significantly reduced when the angle of the knee joint was $15^{\circ}$, $30^{\circ}$, and $45^{\circ}$ compared to when the angle was $0^{\circ}$. However, there was no statistically significant difference in muscle activity at the angles of $15^{\circ}$ and $30^{\circ}$ or $45^{\circ}$. There was no statistically significant difference in the muscle activity of the soleus depending on the angle of the knee joint. The ratio of the muscle activity of the soleus to that of the triceps surae showed a statistically significant increase when the angle was $15^{\circ}$, $30^{\circ}$ and $45^{\circ}$ compared to when the angle was $0^{\circ}$. However, there was no statistically significant difference in muscle activity at the angles of $15^{\circ}$ and $30^{\circ}$ or $45^{\circ}$. When the angle of the knee joint was $15^{\circ}$ or higher during the test of the isolated soleus, the muscle activity of the gastrocnemius was reduced. These results indicate that the angle is suitable for the test of the isolated soleus, but there was no statistically significant difference in the muscle activity of the gastrocnemius when the angle was higher than $15^{\circ}$. Therefore, it can be concluded that the most suitable angle of the knee joint for the isolated MMT test of the soleus is $15^{\circ}$.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.157-162
• /
• 2012

Purpose: This study is to identify the effect of Ankle Joint Taping applied to patients with chronic hemiplegia on their gait velocity and joint angles. Methods: We randomly extracted a clinical sample from 30 patients with hemiplegia resulting from stroke and classified them into two groups of a control group including 15 patients offered a regular therapeutic exercise and a test group including 15 patients offered taping. We also conducted the comparative analysis and pretest of the affected ankle joint angles by the normal characteristics of all subjects, Time to up and go test (TUG), 3D movement analyzer before the intervention. We applied taping to a test group for eight hours a day, five days a week during two weeks and conducted the comparative analysis of the gait velocity and the affected ankle joint angles by a comparison between and within two groups of before and after the intervention by conducting a posttest after the intervention. The result is as followings. Results: It indicated that there was a significantly decreased time with the increased gait velocity that a test according to a result of comparing the gait velocity within two groups (p<0.05). It indicated that there was a significantly increased angle in a comparison within two groups of test that inversion angle of a control group according to a result of comparing the ankle joint angles by 3D movement analyzer within groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: We found that TUG will help patients walk independently because it met a test group's need in the change of the gait velocity between two groups by recording less than 14 seconds which is the standard of using assistive aids and also found that ankle joint taping will help the joints prevent their function change considering that a control group showed an increased inversion angle in the change of the ankle joint within two groups.

• 해양환경안전학회지
• /
• 제21권6호
• /
• pp.778-783
• /
• 2015

본 연구는 해상에서의 안전사고의 경감과 국민의 생명을 보호하기 위한 목적으로 자체 연구를 수행하여 FRP의 수리공법인 Butt Joint, Lap Joint, V-Scarf Joint(12t, 16t, 20t), X-Scarf Joint(12t 16t, 20t)의 인장강도와 굽힘강도를 통해 이음방식에 따른 구조강도 특성을 실험하였다. 이음 방법에 따른 인장강도와 굽힘강도의 시험편을 종합 분석한 결과, 인장강도의 강도와 굽힘강도의 그래프 패턴은 비슷한 양상으로 증가와 감소를 하였으며, 인장강도와 굽힘강도 모두 X-Scarf-Butt Joint-V-Scarf-Lap Joint 순으로 강도가 우수하였다. 인장강도는 강도특성이 가장 우수한 X-Scarf라 하더라도 Basic Material의 57% 수준의 강도를 나타내었고 굽힘강도는 X-Scarf가 Basic Material의 77% 수준의 강도를 나타내었다. 종합적으로 Over-Lay 구분을 포함하여 X-Scarf 12t 이음이 인장강도, 굽힘강도 특성이 우수하였으며 Lap Joint가 가장 좋지 않았다. Scarf 이음시 Taper 길이에 따른 강도의 차이는 V-Scarf 이음은 Taper의 길이가 가장 큰 20t가 인장강도, 굽힘강도 특성이 우수한 반면 X-Scarf 이음은 Taper의 길이가 가장 짧은 12t가 인장강도, 굽힘강도 특성이 우수하여 상반되는 결과를 나타내었다. 선박에는 많은 Stress가 작용하여 시험편만을 가지고 실험한 본 연구와 직접적인 비교는 힘들지만, 재료의 가장 기본 특성을 인장강도와 굽힘강도 시험을 통해 확인할 수 있다. FRP 국부적인 수리 방법인 Butt Joint, Lap Joint, V-Scarf, X-Scarf 4가지의 이음방법에 따른 시험값과 모재 대비 감소되는 비율을 제시하였고 추가적으로 V-Scarf와 X-Scarf의 Taper 길이별 특성을 12t, 16t, 20t로 구분한 결과값을 제시함으로써 수리 현장에서의 위치별 특성에 맞는 수리 방법의 응용이 가능하도록 하였다.

• 대한통합의학회지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.101-108
• /
• 2022

Purpose : This study was conducted to investigate the effect of muscle taping and joint taping on static and dynamic balance in normal adults with chronic ankle instability. Methods : The subjects of this study were 32 people who met the inclusion criteria. This cross-sectional study was conducted using the Kinesio tape, an elastic tape, was used. Subjects were randomized to exclude the effect of sequence, and no taping, joint taping, and muscle taping were applied as taping interventions. One-leg standing test and a Functional reach test were conducted to measure static balance, and Y-balance test was conducted to measure dynamic balance. One way repeated ANOVA was performed to investigate the difference in balance ability according to the taping intervention. If there was a significant difference, a post-hoc was performed using the Bonferroni method. Results : In the case of static balance, joint taping showed more significant results than did no taping and muscle taping (p<.05), and muscle taping showed more significant results than did no taping (p<.05). In the case of dynamic balance, muscle taping showed significantly larger results than did no taping and joint taping (p<.05) and joint taping showed significantly larger results than did no taping (p<.05). Conclusion : This study found that mechanical stimulation of muscles and joint compression by elastic taping increased ankle stability and improved static and dynamic balance. In particular, for static balance, joint taping was more effective than muscle taping, and for dynamic balance, muscle taping was more effective than joint taping. Applying the appropriate taping method to individual subjects has the advantage of maximizing the therapeutic effect for the recovery of balance ability. Similarly, the application of various tapings to subjects with ankle instability will have a positive effect on functional improvement.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지반공학회 2001년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.73-80
• /
• 2001

The shear strength of jointed rock is influenced by effective normal stress, joint wall compressive strength, joint roughness and so on. Since joint roughness makes considerable influences on shear strength of jointed rock, many studies tried to get quantitative joint roughness parameter. Until now, Joint Roughness Coefficient, JRC proposed by Barton has been prevalently used as a rock joint roughness parameter In spite of its disadvantages. In this study, a quantification of rock joint roughness is performed using surface roughness parameter, Rs. Proposed method is applied to rock core specimens, field joint surfaces, and JRC profiles. The scale of fluctuation is introduced to extend the suggested method to the large scale field joint surface roughness. Based on the quantification of joint surface roughness, joint shear tests are performed with the portable shear box. The relationship between joint surface roughness and joint shear strength is investigated and finally, a rock joint shear strength equation is derived from these results. The equation has considerable credibility and originality in that it is obtained from laboratory tests and expressed with quantified parameter.