• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.56 no.7 s.107
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• pp.18-32
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• 2006

The objectives of this research were to identify the differences of image evaluations by perceiver's gender, majors and jeans' finishing and to examine image characteristics that have an influence on attractiveness and preferences of jeans' finishing. The subjects are 96 undergraduate students in Los Angeles of the USA. Elegant and refined images had a significant effort on perceiver's gender, so men tended to highly evaluate jeans as elegant and refined images than did women. Soft images were recognized differently by perceiver's major, so non-specialists in design tended to highly evaluate jeans as soft images than did specialists in design. In finishing, shattered wash was evaluated as the most individual, attractive, energetic, and splendid images, and stone wash was evaluated as the most ordinary, unattractive, and plain images. Light images tended to have interaction effects by majors and finishing. Specialists in design did not perceive differences between light images from finishing well, but non-specialists in design perceived that stone wash finishing's image is lighter than indigo blue finishing's image. Sociable images had interaction effects by perceiver's gender, majors and jeans' finishing, and especially non-specialists in men estimated that shattered wash has the lowest sociable images in finishing. According to evaluations about finishing images of ladies' jeans, men tended to be attracted by splendid images, and women tended to be attracted by sexy images. In addition, both men and women were commonly attracted by feminine images, so the study found that feminine images is important image for developing jeans for ladies. According to evaluations about finishing images of ladies' jeans, men preferred sexy and natural images to comfortable and energetic images, and women preferred sexy and neat images. Female undergraduate students of the USA tended to be attracted by sexy images, and we found that actually they consider buying jeans with such images.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.702-712
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to understand the current trend with regard to the material of jeans and the making method of jeans pattern and the characteristics of washing processing through the overall production status of jeans in casual brands and to offer the basic data for producing the high efficient jeans. The results were as follows. According to the survey of production status of jeans in casual brands, the fabric mixture was highest in the order of non-stretch denim 100% cotton, stretch denim cotton/spandex mix and denim with $1{\sim}2%$ weft direction spandex mix. The most frequently used processing method for denim was in the order of normal finishing, mercerization finishing, soft finishing and pigment finishing. The most frequently used method of washing finishing for jeans was in the order of forming by embossing washing, bio stone washing, normal washing, bio washing, and bio stone bleach washing. The average shrinkage was higher on waist circumference and pants length of warp direction rather than hips circumference, thigh circumference, hem circumference of weft direction.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.535-547
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• 2009

This study presented a making method of jeans pattern with high fitness after deriving the appropriate shrinkage rate by material and washing process. For this purpose of this study, 6 jeans have been tested after washing finishing and we turned out appropriate shrinkage rate by evaluating the exterior of jeans and usage satisfaction. Then, a making method of jeans pattern was presented after applying the optimized shrinkage rate. According to the result of the exterior evaluation of test jeans, all 6 jeans were rated high with scores close to 3.5. Following the evaluation of satisfaction of usage by physical movement, the highest ranking was in the order of walking with normal steps, back bending $90^{\circ}$, chair sitting, climbing stairs, and squatting. The shrinkage rate by physical area showed the highest score in the order of pants length, waist circumference, thigh circumference, knee circumference, hem circumference, hips circumference. In addition, the shrinkage rate was higher in warp direction than weft direction after washing finishing. As for the result of addition and reduction of pattern measurements by parts of jeans, waist circumference was 2.6${\sim}$5.2cm, hips circumference was 1.3${\sim}$4.2cm, thigh circumference was 0.8${\sim}$3.1cm and knee circumference was 0.7${\sim}$2.5cm. Also, hem circumference was 0.5${\sim}$1.8cm and pants length was 4.0${\sim}$6.2cm. That is, this results showed a wide range of addition and reduction according to material and washing finishing.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.191-203
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to present a making method of jeans pattern with high fitness after deriving the appropriate shrinkage rate by material and washing process. According to the result of the exterior evaluation of test jeans, all 6 jeans were rated high with scores close to 3.5. Following the evaluation of satisfaction of usage by physical movement, the highest ranking was in the order of walking with normal steps, back bending $90^{\circ}$, chair sitting, climbing stairs and squatting. The shrinkage rate by physical area showed the highest score in the order of pants length, waist circumference, thigh circumference, knee circumference, hem circumference, hips circumference. In addition, the shrinkage rate was higher in warp direction than weft direction after washing finishing. As for the result of addition and reduction of pattern measurements by parts of jeans, waist circumference was $3.1{\sim}5.1cm$, hips circumference was $-1.2{\sim}4.2cm$, thigh circumference was $-0.9{\sim}3.1cm$ and pants length was $3.4{\sim}6.1cm$. That is, this results showed a wide range of addition and reduction according to material and washing finishing.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.461-474
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to present a making method of jeans pattern with high fitness after deriving the appropriate shrinkage rate by material and washing process. Research Method of jeans pattern was presented after applying the optimized shrinkage rate. According to the result of the exterior evaluation of test jeans, all 6 jeans were rated high with scores close to 3.5. Following the evaluation of satisfaction of usage by physical movement, the highest ranking was in the order of walking with normal steps, back bending $90^{\circ}$, chair sitting, climbing stairs, and squatting. The shrinkage rate by physical area showed the highest score in the order of pants length, waist circumference, thigh circumference, knee circumference, hem circumference, hips circumference. In addition, the shrinkage rate was higher in warp direction than weft direction after washing finishing. As for the result of addition and reduction of pattern measurements by parts of jeans, waist circumference was $2.5{\sim}5.2cm$, hips circumference was $-1.8{\sim}2.8cm$, thigh circumference was $-1.3{\sim}2.0cm$ and knee circumference was $-1.0{\sim}1.7cm$. Also, hem circumference was $-1.0{\sim}1.8cm$ and pants length was $2.9{\sim}6.2cm$. That is, this results showed a wide range of addition and reduction according to material and washing finishing.