• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.171-180
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• 1982

The nutritional survey and blood sampling was conducted from May 23 to 27, 1971, in order to investigate the state of the nutritional intake in relation to blood contents of rural women. This survey covered a total of 47 women residing in Youngam-gun, Cholla-namdo, Korea. The daily diet of these subjects was observed by 24-hour recall method and weighing method for 3 days and hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit(Hct), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), serum protein, serum albumin, A/G ratio, serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC), transferrin saturation (TS), serum cholesterol and blood specific gravity (SG) were measured. The results were summarized as follows ; The rate of intake of vegetable foods was high, especially cereals, and that of animal foods was low, especially eggs and milk and milk products. The daily intake of niacin was sufficient, and the intakes of energy and iron were also tend to be adequate. On the contrary, the intakes of vitamin A, $B_2$ and C, calcium and protein were insufficient. The mean red blood cell number was $410.8{\pm}26.4{\times}10^{4}/mm^{3},$ the mean values of Hb, Hct and MCHC were $12.5{\pm}0.9gm%$, $37.5{\pm}2.4%$ and $33.2{\pm}0.5%$ thus the anemic prevalences were 21.3%, 12.8% and 93.6% comparing with the anemic criteria of WHO. The levels of serum protein and serum albumin were $7.1{\pm}0.4gm\;%$ and $4.3{\pm}0.3gm\;%$so the A/G ratio was indicated $1.6{\pm}0.2.$. The levels of serum iron and TIBC were $91.9{\pm}27.5{\mu}g/100ml and $297.5{\pm}31.4{\mu}g/100ml,$ so TS was calculated $31.2{\pm}9.7\;%$. The mean value of SG was $1.044{\pm}0.002,$ and the level of serum cholesterol was $164.3{\pm}25.4mg/dl$. In the relation between each of bloood content, Hb showed positive correlation not only with Hct but also protein at the level of significance of 1 per cent and 5 per cent, and protein also showed a positive correlation with serum cholesterol at the 1 per cent level of significance. In the relation between the nutrient intake and blood contents, vitamin C intake showed a positive correlation with Hb, serum protein and serum iron at the level of significance of 1 per cent, iron intake also showed a positive correlation with serum iron and serum cholesterol at the same significant level, and protein intake showed a positive correlation with serum iron at the at the level of significance of 5 per cent.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.239-251
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• 2009

배양 온도, 배양 배지 중의 pH, NaCl 농도, iron 농도와 같은 배양 조건이 P. damselae의 미생물학적 성상 및 병원성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. P. damselae는 배양 온도 15-30${^{\circ}C}$에서 배지의 pH 5-9, NaCl 농도 0-6%와 $FeCl_{3}$ 첨가시 성장이 촉진되었지만, iron-chelator 첨가 시성장이 억제되었다. Iron-limited 조건에서 배양시 ECPs protein 농도, phospholipase, 용혈능, siderophore 및 cytotoxicity 활성 이 높게 나타났고, 넙치 혈청의 살균작용 대한 생존율도 증가 되었으나, iron-added 조건에서는 감소되어, 배양 조건 중 iron 농도에 영향을 가장 많이 받는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 본 연구에서 적용한 iron-limited 조건은 철농도가 낮은 숙주 내와 유사한 환경이므로 iron-limited에서 P. damselae 배양 시 나타나는 병원성의 증가는 어체에 감염시 나타나는 병원성 발현 기전과 유사할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.74-82
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• 1999

This study evaluated the quality of meals served by the elementary schools in Muan based on nutrient contents and food diversity. The contents, nutrient densities and nutrient adequacy ratios(NAR) of most nutrients were higher than those calculated from the Korean RDA. However, the content, nutrient density, and NAR of iron were lower than those calculated from the RDA for 10 to 12 year old girls. The content of sodium was somewhat high. The average number of different kinds of food and dishes per meal were 19.2 and 6.0, respectively. The more the number of dishes, the higher the NARs of calcium, calories, niacin, phosphorus and protein. However, the NAR of iron showed no correlation with the number of dishes. The meals belonging to the food group intake pattern containing fruits had more vitamin C and fiber, and less protein, lipid, and phosphorus than those belonging to the food group intake pattern not containing fruits. In conclusion, the quality of nutrition of meals served by school lunch program(SLP) was considered fairly good. However, the nutritionists should consider the iron for 10 to 12 year old girls and cut down the amount of sodium. In addition, unless the children prefer the foods served by SLP or adjust to the general aspects of SLP, SLP can't accomplish its purposes. Therefore, we suggest that nutritionists should survey children's food preference and satisfaction with the general aspects of SLP.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.239-244
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• 1998

출발원료인 ferric nitrate와 ethylene glycol를 사용하여 iron complex를 제조하였으며 이를 $350^{\circ}C$ 이상의 온도에서 열처리하여 200nm 이하의 미세한 입자 크기를 갖는 ${\alpha}-Fe_2O_3$ 분말을 얻었다. 또한 열분석 X-선 회절 분석 및 적외선 분광 분석을 통하여 제조된 iron complex의 분해 mechanism에 대하여 조사하였고, 출발원료의 조성비 및 반응온도에 따른 입자 크기 및 형상의 변화 양상을 전자현미경 분석과 비표면적 분석을 통하여 조사하였다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.248-258
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• 1999

This study examined the effect of excess loading of calcium (Ca)and iron(Fe) on the bioavailability of minerals in both normal and Ca-and Fe-deficient rats. Three-week-old male rats were divided into four groups and fed experimental diets for six weeks, containing either normal (0.5%) or high(1.5%) Ca and normal (35ppm) or high (350ppm)Fe. Likewise, three-week-old male rats were first fed a Ca-and Fe-deficient diet for three weeks, and then fed one of four experimental diets for additional three weeks. In both normal and Ca-and Fe-deficient rats, ca contents of serum, liver, kidney and femur were not significantly affected by dietary Ca and Fe levels. Apparent Ca absorption(%) decreased in rats fed a high Ca diet regardless of dietary Fe levels. Magnesium(Mg) contents of serum, liver and femur significantly decreased in rats fed a high Ca diet. Fe contents of serum and liver significantly increased in rats fed a high-Fe diet, but decreased in rats fed a high Ca diet. Fe content of serum and liver significantly increased in rate fed a high-Fe diet, decreased in rats fed a high-Ca diet. Apparent Fe absorption increased in rats fed a high-Fe diet, and decreased in rats fed a high-Ca diet in Ca-and Fe-deficient rats, but dietary Ca did not seem to affect Fe absorption in normal rats. Phosphorus(P) contents of serum and femur were not significantly affected by dietary Ca and Fe levels in both normal and Ca-and Fe-deficient rats. Serum copper(Cu) decreased in rats fed a high-Fe diet, while serum zinc(Zn) decreased in rats fed a high-Ca diet in normal rats. Cu contents of liver, and Zn contents of serum and liver decreased in rats fed a high-Fe diet in Ca-and Fe-deficient rats. There results suggest that a dietary overload of Ca and Fe in both normal and Ca-and Fe-deficient rats may decrease mineral bioavailability leading to potential health problems.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.123-129
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate the dietary nutrient intake status and hair mineral content of Korean young children. Methods: Fifty-five children who visited Seoul National University Bundang Hospital were divided into three groups by age: infants, toddlers, and preschoolers. The 24-hour recall method was used to collect the food intake data of the subjects. Hair mineral analysis was conducted using a Mass Spectrometer. Serum iron, ferritin, and calcium were also measured. Results: The mean energy intakes of the subjects were 730.3 kcal, 994.3 kcal, and 1,482.9 kcal for each age group. The mean percentage of energy intake compared to recommendation was 101.4% and was not different by age group. Toddlers of 37.8% and preschoolers of 54.5% consumed less than the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) of calcium. Infants of 28.6%, toddlers of 10.8% and preschoolers of 9.1% consumed less than the EAR of iron. In the case of zinc, copper, and selenium, only 0% to 5% of toddlers and none of the preschoolers consumed less than the EAR of those minerals. The hair calcium, iron and copper concentrations were lower in toddlers and preschoolers than those in infants. Serum calcium levels of preschoolers were significantly lower than those of infants, whereas serum iron and ferritin levels were not. Conclusion: Hair calcium, iron, and copper concentrations were significantly lower in toddlers and preschoolers than in infants. Insufficient dietary intake of calcium and iron seems to be related with decreased hair mineral contents in young children.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.472-476
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• 2001

광학 및 주사전자현미경을 사용하여 X%C-5%Cr-5%V-5%Mo-5%W-5%Co 조성을 가진 다합금계백주철에서 정출되는 탄화물의 종류 및 형태를 3차원적으로 관찰하였는 바 MC, M$_2$C 및 M$_{7}$C$_{3}$의 3종류의 탄화물이 정출되었다. MC탄화물은 꽃잎, 구상 그리고 산호초형태의 3종류, M$_2$C탄화물은 층상 및 판상의 2종류, M$_{7}$C$_{3}$7탄화물은 고크롬백주철에서 관찰되는 막대형태의 한 종류만 관찰되었다. 첨가한 합금원소중 Co는 기지조직에만 고용되었기 때문에 탄화물의 현상에는 영향을 미치지 않았다.않았다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.243-252
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• 2000

This study examined the effects of excess intake of calcium(Ca) and iron(Fe) supplements on iron bioavailability, liver and kidney functions in anemic model rats. Seven-week-old female rats were first fed and Fe-deficient diet for ten weeks, and then fed one of nine experimental diets for an additional eight weeks, containing three levels of Ca, normal (0.5%) or high(1.5%) or excess (2.5%) and three levels of Fe, normal(35ppm) or high(210 ppm) or excess(350ppm). In anemic model rats, serum Fe, total iron binding capacity(TIBC), hemogolin(Hb), hematocrit(Hct) and liver Fe contents were significantly decreased. Apparent Fe absorption significantly increased with increasing dietary Fe levels, and decreased with increasing dietary Ca levels. serum Fe concentration significantly increased in rats fed a high- and excess-Fe diet, and decreased in rats fed a excess-Ca diet. TIBC was decreawed in rats fed a excess-Ca diet, and transferrin saturation(%) increased in rats fed ahigh- and excess-Fe diet. Hb and Hct were decreased in rats fed an excess-Ca diet regardless of dietary Fe levels. Fe and thiobarbituric acid reactin gsubstance(TBARS) Contents of liver significantly increased in rats fed a high- and excess0-Fe diet, and decreased in rats fed a high- and excess-Ca diet. Fe content of the spleen showed similar results. Urinary creatinine and GFR increased in rats fed an excess-Ca diet regardless of dietary Fe levels. GOT, GPT and LDH were not significantly affected by dietary Ca and Fe levels. These results suggest that excess intake of Fe may increase liver Fe deposits and TBARS, and excess intake of Ca may decrease Fe bioavailability and kidney function leading to potential health problems in anemic model rats.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2000

Zn을 많이 함유하는 銅scrap(자동차용강판, Zn표면처리강판 등)을 이용하여 구상흑연주철을 제조한 경우 구상화가 제대로 이루어 지지 않았다. Sb을 많이 함유하는 銅scrap을 이용하여 구상흑연주칠을 제조한 경우에는 기지 층의 퍼얼라이트량이 증가하였다. 퍼얼라이트량이 증가하면 인장강도 및 경도는 증가하지만 연산율은 감소하였다. Mn, Cr을 많이 함유한 銅scrap(기계구조용강판, 가단주철)을 이용하여 구상흑연주출을 제조한 경우에는 피얼라이트량이 증가하였으며, 인장강도 및 경도도 증가하였다.

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.371-378
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• 1997

The study for direct synthesis of TaC carbide which was a reaction product of tantalum and carbon in the cast iron was performed. Cast iron which has hypo-eutectic composition was cast bonded in the metal mold with tantalum thin sheet of thickness of $100{\mu}m$. The contents of carbon and silicon of cast iron matrix was controlled to have constant carbon equivalent of 3.6. The chracteristics of microstructure and the formation mechanism of TaC carbide in the interfacial reaction layer in the cast iron/tantalum thin sheet heat treated isothermally at $950^{\circ}C$ for various time were examined. TaC carbide reaction layer was grown to the dendritic morphology in the cast iron/tantalum thin sheet interface by the isothermal heat treatment. The composition of TaC carbide was 48.5 at.% $Ti{\sim}48.6$ at.% C-2.8 at.% Fe. The hardness of reaction layer was MHV $1100{\sim}1200$. The thickness of reaction layer linearly increased with increasing the total content of carbon in the cast iron matrix and isothermal heat treating time. The growth constant for TaC reaction layer was proportional to the log[C] of the matrix. The formation mechanism of TaC reaction layer at the interface of cast iron/tantalum thin sheet was proved to be the interfacial reaction.