• Title/Summary/Keyword: iodine adsorption

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Synthesis of Spherical Carbons Containing Titania and Their Physicochemical and Photochemical Properties

  • Oh, Won-Chun;Kim, Jong-Gyu;Kim, Hyuk;Chen, Ming-Liang;Zhang, Feng-Jun;Meng, Ze-Da;Choi, Jong-Geun;Zhang, Kan
    • Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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    • v.48 no.1
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    • pp.6-13
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    • 2011
  • In this study, we used activated carbon (AC) and charcoal (CH) as carbon sources with $TiO_2$ powder to prepare spherical carbons containing titania (SCCT) by using phenolic resin (PR) as a bonding agent. The physicochemical characteristics of the SCCT samples were examined by BET, XRD, SEM, EDX, iodine adsorption and compressive strength. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated by measuring the removal efficiency of three kinds of organic dyes: methylene blue (MB), methyl orange (MO) and rhodamine B (Rh.B) under a UV/SCCT system. In addition, evaluation of chemical oxygen demand (COD) of piggery waste was done at regular intervals and gave a good idea about the mineralization of wastewater.

A Study on the Characteristics of the Biochar by Hydrothermal Carbonization with Food Waste (열수가압탄화법(HTC, Hydrothermal Carbonization)에 의한 음식물 폐기물 biochar의 특성 연구)

  • Cho, Woo Ri;Oh, Minah;Chung, Wonduck;Park, Seong-Kyu;Bae, Sunyoung;Lee, Jai-young
    • Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.22-27
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    • 2016
  • Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a carbonization method of thermochemical process at a relatively low temperature (180-250℃). It is reacted by water containing raw material. In this study, it was selected for effective disposal method of food waste because food waste in Korea has large amount water. 5 kg, 10 kg, 15 kg of food waste were reacted for 6 hours at 200℃ for selecting the optimum amount of raw material. Since the derived optimum amount, food waste was reacted for 2 hours, 4 hours and 6 hours at 200℃ and 1.5 MPa. After carbonization, it was analyzed to evaluated the properties by ultimate analysis, iodine adsorption, BET surface area and SEM. After analyzing the characteristics, it can be utilized as a basic data for applied.

Removal of I- and IO3- from Aqueous Solution (활성알루미나를 이용하여 방사성 폐수 중 I-와 IO3-를 제거하는 방법)

  • Lim, Heon-Sung;Lee, Sueg-Geun
    • Analytical Science and Technology
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    • v.22 no.6
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    • pp.519-523
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    • 2009
  • $^{129}I$ is especially one of the most harmful radioactive elements because of its long half-life ($t_{1/2}$=$1.7{\times}10^7$ yr). The efficient removal of iodide ($I^-$) and iodate (${IO_3}^-$) in a aqueous solution by adsorption using activated alumina and activated carbon was studied. The removal efficiency was over 99% for iodide ion with silver treated basic alumina and iodate ion with acidic alumina or silver treated acidic alumina without any chemical addition or physical treatments.

Some Physical Properties and Adsoptive Behaviors of Wood Charcoal Carbonized with Domestic wood (국산수종으로 탄화한 목탄의 물성 및 흡착성)

  • Jo, Tae-Su;Lee, Oh-Kyu;Ahn, Byung-Jun;Choi, Joon-Weon
    • Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.9-17
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    • 2006
  • Properties of wood charcoal made from the domestic wood species at $300-900^{\circ}C$ have investigated to understand the correlation between carbonization temperature and chemical and physical characteristics of wood charcoal. In terms of charcoal yield at particular carbonization temperatures, it was drastically decreased until the temperature reaches up to $600^{\circ}C$ and the decrease ratio of yield was reduced at higher temperatures. As the carbonization temperature increased, pH of the wood charcoal increased so that it became basic at last. The wood charcoal prepared at $600{\sim}700^{\circ}C$ showed the highest caloric value and those of wood charcoals made at higher temperature became plateau at a little lower level than the peak. The caloric value of Japanese larch charcoal was a bit higher than that of Red oak charcoal. The carbon content in the wood charcoal was increased as the carbonization temperature increased, whereas the hydrogen content was decreased. Specific surface area of the wood charcoal became larger with increase in temperature up to $600^{\circ}C$ but it was decreased or reduced in the increasing ratio after, and then it rose again at higher temperature than $800^{\circ}C$. Absorption capacity of the wood charcoal against iodine and gaseous acetic acid became greater as the carbonization temperature increased. Japanese larch charcoal presented higher absorption capacity than Red oak charcoal. As the above results, it is revealed that carbonization temperature affects the chemical and physical properties of wood charcoal. Therefore, to use wood charcoal with maximum effect it should be prepared at optimum temperature for proper use.

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Quality Improvement of Crude Glycerol from Biodiesel Production Using Activated Carbon Derived from Krabok (Irvingia malayana) Seed Shells

  • Wuttichai Roschat;Sarunya Donrussamee;Phatcharanan Smanmit;Samlit Jikjak;Tappagorn Leelatam;Sunti Phewphong;Krittiyanee Namwongsa;Preecha Moonsin;Vinich Promarak
    • Korean Journal of Materials Research
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    • v.34 no.1
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    • pp.1-11
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    • 2024
  • This research investigated the preparation of activated carbon derived from Krabok (Irvingia malayana) seed shells to improve the quality of crude glycerol obtained during biodiesel production. The activated carbon was prepared using a dry chemical activation method with NaOH, utilizing an innovative biomass incinerator. The results revealed that the resulting KC/AC-two-step exhibited favorable physicochemical adsorption properties, with a high surface area of 758.72 m2/g and an iodine number of 611.10 mg/g. These values meet the criteria of the industrial product standard for activated carbon No. TIS 900-2004, as specified by the Ministry of Industry in Thailand. Additionally, the adsorption efficiency for methylene blue reached an impressive 99.35 %. This developed activated carbon was then used to improve the quality of crude glycerol obtained from biodiesel production. The experimental results showed that the KC/AC-two-step increased the purity of crude glycerol to 73.61 %. In comparison, commercially available activated carbon (C/AC) resulted in a higher crude glycerol purity of 81.19 %, as analyzed by the GC technique. Additionally, the metal content (Zn, Cu, Fe, Pb, Cd, and Na) in purified glycerol using KC/AC-two-step was below the standards for heavy metals permitted in food and cosmeceuticals by the Food and Drug Administration of Thailand and the European Committee for Food Contact Materials and Articles. As a result, it can be inferred that Krabok seed shells have favorable properties for producing activated carbon suitable as an adsorbent to enhance crude glycerol purity. Furthermore, the improved crude glycerol from this research has potential for various industrial applications.

A Study on the Manufacture of Activated Carbon using Indonesian Coal (인도네시아 석탄을 이용한 활성탄 제조에 관한 연구)

  • Baek, Ill-Hyun;Kim, Tae-Young;Yeon, Ik-June;Lee, Jeong-Sik;Lee, Dong-Kyu
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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    • v.9 no.3
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    • pp.419-423
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    • 1998
  • Indonesian coal-based activated carbon was manufactured with steam-reaction method. Also effects of carbonization temperature and steam amount on the process yield and quality of the product were investigated at the activation temperature of $900^{\circ}C$. The rotary kiln type furnace was used for both carbonization and activation and the optimum operation conditions were carbonization temperature of $700^{\circ}C$, steam amount of 2.7g steam/g char and activation temperature of $900^{\circ}C$. At this condition, the iodine value of activated carbon was 1,010 mg/g. Methylene Blue Adsorption Number was 230mg/g and B.E.T. surface area was $1,020m^2/g$ with the hardness about 97.

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Effect of Oxidation-reduction Pretreatment for the Hydrogenation of Caster Oil over Ni/SiO2 Catalyst (산화-환원 전처리에 따른 Ni/SiO2 촉매의 캐스터오일 수소화)

  • Choi, Yi Sun;Kim, Soo Young;Koh, Hyoung Lim
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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    • v.28 no.3
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    • pp.326-331
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    • 2017
  • Castor oil can be used as a useful raw material for chemical industries such as intermediates of surfactants through hydrogenation reaction. In this study, effects of the preparation method and pretreatment condition on the nickel catalyst for the hydrogenation of castor oil were investigated. The nickel catalyst was supported on the silica carrier by the precipitation method with different Ni contents, solution pH values, and precipitants. Repeated pretreatments of oxidation and reduction cycles were then carried out. The activity of the nickel catalyst was measured by comparing the iodine value of the castor oil. The dispersion of nickel on the catalyst was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), $N_2$ adsorption-desorption, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The activity of nickel catalyst was also compared by CO oxidation experiments. The redispersion of nickel occurred on the silica by repeated oxidation and reduction cycles, and this effect contributed to promoting the castor oil hydrogenation activity.

Study on Isolative Determination Methylephedrine Hydrochloride and Ephedrine Hydrochloride in the Mixed Preparation (혼합제제중 Methylephedrine Hydrochloride와 Ephedrine Hydrochloride의 분리정량에 관한 연구)

  • Ko, In-Suk
    • Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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    • v.1 no.3
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    • pp.93-99
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    • 1970
  • There have been reported by several workers for the isolation and determination of the amine derivatives as Metbylephedrine Hydrochloride and Ephedrine Hydrochloride adopting neutralization method, steam distillation method, non-aqous titration method, ion-exchange resin method, titration method after acetylation, colorimetric method, gravimetric method, iodine titration method and gas chromatography. Those methods mentioned in above, can be practically applied for the sample which is not mixed one mith the other amine compounds. Presently, it has not shown on the isolative determination of the mixed sample of amine derivatives. In this paper, it is discussed on the isolative determination of Methylephedrine Hydrochloride as the tertiary amine compound and Ephedrine Hydrochloride as the secondary amine compound. According to the results of the experiment, it could be summarized as follows: 1. There is no time-variation on the color reaction of Methylephedrine Hydrochloride and Ephedrine Hydrochloride with the color reagent, bromcresolgreen. And Methylephedrine Hydrochloride and Ephedrine Hydrochloride, respectively, can be determined spectrophotometrically by means oft his color reaction. 2. For the isolation of Methylephedrine Hydrochloride and Ephedrine Hydrochloride from the mixed sample, Methylephedrine Hydrochloride can be eluted by chloroform, while Ephedrine Hydrochloride by the mixed solvent of chloroform and ethylalcohol (2:1), from the celite column adsorbed at pH6.4 followed by extraction with ether undersodium hydroxide alkali re action. 3. When the sample is mixed with quinine hydrochloride, dihydrocodeine bitartate, and noscapine, these mixed compounds can be eliminated by means of stram distillation. 4. When the sample is mixed with chlorpheniramine maleate, dextromethorphan hydrobromide and diphenhydramine hydrochloride, the mixed compounds can be eliminated by means of steam distillation and celite adsorption column chromatography, In conclusion, the isolative determination method for Methylephedrine Hydrochloride and Ephedrine Hydrochloride studied in this paper, indicates with the excellent reproducibility and accuracy.

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Characteristics of Low Temperature Desorption of Volatile Organic Compounds from Waste Activated Carbon in Cylindrical Cartridge (원통형 활성탄 카트리지 내 폐활성탄의 휘발성 유기화합물 저온 탈착 특성)

  • Kang, Sin-Wook;Lee, Seongwoo;Son, Doojeong;Han, Moonjo;Lee, Tae Ho;Hong, Sungoh
    • Clean Technology
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.79-84
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    • 2021
  • In this study, the waste activated carbon used in the painting process was filled into a cylindrical cartridge and the characteristics of desorption by low temperature gas were investigated. Adsorption and desorption experiments of toluene with activated carbon were conducted to determine the flow rate of desorption. In an experiment where desorption was performed while changing conditions at flow rates of 1, 2 and 4 ㎥ min-1, it was determined that 2 ㎥ min-1 was appropriate due to the high THC concentration and desorption time. In the early stage of the desorption of waste activated carbon, 2-butanone and MIBK (methyl isobutyl ketone) with a low boiling point were generated at a high rate in the gas component, and after that, the concentration of THC decreased and the BTX was desorbed at a high rate. The total calorific value of the gas component generated during the desorption of waste activated carbon was 316 kcal kg-1. From repeating the regeneration of waste activated carbon with toluene five times, it was observed that the iodine value and the specific surface area were relatively lower than that of new activated carbon. In the desorption experiment where two cylindrical cartridges were connected in series, the maximum THC concentration was about 470 ppm.